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Infectious Disease > CNS Infections > Flashcards

CNS Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 questions to ask in CNS infections?

A

Is this acute or Chronic?
What is the Etiology?
What workup is needed?
What is the required Treatment?

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2
Q

What is the most severe type of meningitis?

A

Acute Bacterial Meningitis

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3
Q

What are the non-infectious etiologies for CNS signs?

A

Neoplasia
Collagen Vascular Disease
Medications(Bacterim or Cipro)

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4
Q

What is the best way to diagnose a CNS infection?

A

CSF sample that isn’t contaminated by Abtx

Glucose level of the CSF (compare to Serum glucose: ratio of .6)

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5
Q

Why should you get a Lumbar puncture before giving Abtx?

A

It will give you a false negative on Gram stain

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6
Q

What is the appearance of CSF if there is an infection?

A

Yellow color

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7
Q

What is seen in a bacterial infection?

A

Lower GLucose
Higher WBCs
High Protein Content
Neutrophils

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8
Q

Who should get neuroimaging studies?

A 
Persistant or prolonged fever
Focal or neuro findings
Evidence of ICP
New or Recurrent Seizures
Persistant Neuro Dysfunction
Persistent abn CSF parameters or cultures
Enlarging Head Circ in neonates
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9
Q

How should we choose an antibiotic?

A

Crosses BBB
Don’t give bacterostatic agent

Give steroids to counteract swelling

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10
Q

What is the cutoff for Low/High GLucose in CSF?

A

+/- 40mg/dL

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11
Q

What are the most common Bacterial causes of Meningitis?

A

Strep Pneumo

Neisseria Meningitidis

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12
Q

What are the most common Viral causes of Meningitis?

A

Enterovirus

Herpes Viruses

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13
Q

What are the Bacterial Microbes that can cause Chronic Meningitis?

A

TB
Treponema Pallidum
Borrelia Burgdorpheri

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14
Q

What is the the Reccomended Therapy for Acture Bacterial Meningitis?

A

Ceftriaxone
(AMpicillin for Lysteria or GBS)
Add Vanco if Strep Pneumo

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15
Q

What pathogen is common in plate or device installation?

A

Coaguulase Negative Staph

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16
Q

What is used to treat Acute Bact. meningitis in an immunocomprimized state?

A

Vanco + Ampicillin + Cefpime or Meropenem

17
Q

What is used to treat Acute Bact. meningitis in a basilar skull fracture?

A

Vanco + 3rd Gen Cephalosporin

18
Q

What is used to treat Acute Bact. meningitis in an Head Trauma/neuro surgery?

A

Vanco + Ceftazidime/cefpime/meropenem

19
Q

What is used to treat Acute Bact. meningitis in an If patient is less than 1 month old?

A

Ampicillin + Cefotaxime

20
Q

Who is a good candidate for steroids?

A

Strep Pneumo

Dexamethasone

21
Q

WHat area of the country is affected by Lyme disease?

A

Great lakes area, Upstate New york

22
Q

WHat are the stages of Lyme disease?

A

Bullseye rash
Myocarditis and Bell’s Palsy
Migratory Polyarthritis and Encephalopathy

23
Q

What is the Tx of Lyme Disease?

A

Ceftriaxone

Infectious Disease (15 decks)

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