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Pharm 225B > CNS II- Antidepressants, Bipolar/ADHD, Antipsychotics > Flashcards

CNS II- Antidepressants, Bipolar/ADHD, Antipsychotics Flashcards

1
Q

Monoamine MOA

A

MOA: essentially all available drugs work to increase NA, 5HT

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2
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants

A

MOA: block reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, action at H1, AcH, 5HT2a, alpha NE receptors plus NE and 5Ht uptake

Amitriptyline (elavil)
- nortriptyline, imipramine

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3
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants AE

A

sedation, CV effects: tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, antimuscarinic effects, weight gain, panic disorder, enuresis, ADD, IBS

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4
Q

Antimuscarinic AE

A

blurred vision
dry eyes, mouth
tachycardia
dyspepsia
constipation
retention

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5
Q

SSRI- selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (3)

A

fluoxetine (prozac)
sertraline (zoloft)
citalopram (celexa)

Uses: anxiety disorders, GAD, panic disorders, OCD, eating disorders, PTSD

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6
Q

SSRI’s AE

A

agitation
confusion
sweating
tremors
fever
produce restlessness
insomnia
N/V
decreased libido, sexual function

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7
Q

SNRI- serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (2)

A

venlafaxine (effexor)

duloxetine (cymbalata)
uses: GAD, diabetic and neuropathic pain, hot flashes, PTSD, autism

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8
Q

Bupropian

A

antidepressant
MOA not clear

uses: nicotine addiction, prevention of SAD, neuropathic pain, weight loss, depression in bipolar

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9
Q

Bupropian AE

A

increase libido and sexual function
weight loss
seizures
insomnia

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10
Q

mirtazepine

A

MOA: 5-HT and NE by blockade of presynaptic receptors

uses: antidepressant, weight gain, minimal sexual dysfunction

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11
Q

monamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) (1)

A

MOA: inhibit enzyme that degrades catecholamines and serotonin in nerve terminals

selegine (emsam)- transdermal antidepressant

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12
Q

MAOI AE

A

anxiety, insomnia
orthostatic hypotension
food interaction can cause HTN crisis

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13
Q

Lithium

A

used for bipolar disorder, mood stabilizer
MOA unknown

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14
Q

Other mood stabilizer

A

valproic acid (depakote)- acute mania
olanzapine - severe mania, or symptoms of psychosis
resperidone - severe mania, or symptoms of psychosis

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15
Q

Methylxanthines

A

MOA: probably antagonist at adenosine receptors, nonspecific stimulants

uses: stimulant
caffeine, theophylline, theobromine

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16
Q

Methylxanthines AE

A

withdrawal headdaches
excess timualtion
GI irritation

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17
Q

Amphetamines

A

MOA: blocks reuptake and cause release of catecholamines

uses: ADHD, increase alertness, reduce fatigue, improve task performance, reduce negative behavior

18
Q

Amphetamines (4)

A

amphetamine (adderall)
methylphenidate (ritalin)
dexmethylphenidate (focalin)
daytrana- transdermal methylhenidate patch

19
Q

Amphetamines AE

A

insomnia
anorexia
cardiac stimulant- increase HR, BP
tolerance
physical dependence/ addiction potential

20
Q

lisdexamfetmaine (vyvanse)

A

additional stimulant
FDA approved

21
Q

Non-stimulants for ADHD (3)

A

atomoxetine (strattera)
guanfacine (intuniv)
clonidine

22
Q

Conventional (FGA’s) antipsychotics

A

MOA: block DA receptors

more effect on positive than negatice S/S

23
Q

Atypical (SGA’s) antipsychotics

A

MOA: moderate blockade of DA receptors with potent blockade of 5HT receptors

effective for positive and negative S/S

24
Q

Antipsychotic effects

A

dysphoria
impair cognitive performance

25
Q

Phenothiazines (4)

A

MOA: block dopamine receptors

thiothixene (navane)
chlorpromazine (thorazine)
prochloperazine (compazine)
promethazine (pherergan)

26
Q

Non-phenothiazines

A

MOA: block dopamine receptors

haldoperidol (haldol)
droperidol (inapsine)

27
Q

Conventional (FGA) antipsychotics AE

A

pseudoparkinsonism
dystonia
akathisia
tardive dyskinesia
sedation
orthostatic hypotension
sexual dysfunction
antimuscarinic effects

28
Q

Atypical (SGA) antipsychotics AE

A

weight gain
increase glucose
hyperlipidemia
sedation
antimuscarinic effects
extrapyramidal effects

29
Q

Clozapine (clozaril)

A

MOA: blocks DA4 but also 5HT2, alpha and H1

uses: most effective agent fro schizophrenia
-reduces suicide

30
Q

Other SGA’s (5)

A

risperidone
olanzapine
quetiapine
aripiprazole (abilify)
cariprazine (vraylar)

31
Q

Ariprprazole (abilify)

A

MOA: partial agonist at 5HT and D2 receptors, DA system atabilizer

Uses: psychosis, bipolar mania, ASD, major depressive disorder, aggresion in AD

BBW: increase mmortality and suicidal thoughts in depression
causes compulsive behaviors (gambling, eating, shopping, sex)

32
Q

Ariprprazole (abilify) AE

A

BBW: increase mmortality and suicidal thoughts in depression

causes compulsive behaviors (gambling, eating, shopping, sex)

33
Q

Cariprazine (vraylar)

A

has D2/5HT2 effect + D3

uses: schizophrenia, bipolar mania

BBW: increase mortality in elderly dementia patients

34
Q

Cocaine

A

MOA: reuptake of DA, NE, 5HT, also local anesthetic action, vasoconstriction

35
Q

Amphetamines

A

MOA: block catecholamine uptake and cause release t1/2: 10 hrs

methamphetamine moa: halogenated amphetamine which increase entry into brain and central effects, t1/2: 5hrs

36
Q

MDMA (ecstasy)

A

mehthylenedioxy- derivatives of methamphetamine

MOA: binds to 5HT transporter and causes profound release of 5HT

37
Q

Ecstasy AE

A

relaxed mood
enhanced empathy
introspection and communication
sweating
tachycardia
fatigue
muscle spasms

38
Q

Ketamine

A

MOA: NMDA antagonist, dissociative anesthetic, unpleasant dreams, hallucinations

uses: useful for pediatric procedures outside, depression, pain

39
Q

LSD

A

MOA: acts at multiple sites in brain and spinal cord, probably through 5HT2 receptors

40
Q

Other drugs for drug abuse

A

canniboids
psilocybin (magic mushrooms)
dextromethorphan (DXM)

Pharm 225B (9 decks)

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