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CNS Drugs - Praxis > CNS drugs > Flashcards

CNS drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

Benzodiazepines - medication class

A

anti-anxiety (anxiolytics)

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2
Q

benzodiazepines - therapeutic uses

A

treats acute anxiety

sedation/muscle relaxation

treats seizures

treats alcohol withdrawal

SASA

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3
Q

banzodiazepines - drug name

A
  • alprazolam
  • lorazepam, diazepam, clonazepam
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4
Q

benzodiazepines - antidote

A

flumazenil

I FLU fast in my _MAZ_cedes BENZ

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5
Q

benzodiazepines - adverse reactions

A

hypotension, apnea, airway occlusion, and respiratory arrest

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6
Q

benzodiazepines - patient education

A
  • take at nighttime
  • not meant for long term therapy because of DEPENDENCE
  • use of long term therapy leads to TOLERANCE
  • must be TAPERED
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7
Q

benzodiazepines - interactions

A

grapefruit, anti-fungals, opioids, alcohol

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8
Q

non-benzodiazepine - names

A

zopliclone and zoplidem

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9
Q

anticholinergic drugs - mechanism of actions

A

competitive antagonist

inhibit cholinergic effect

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10
Q

anticholinergic drugs - indications

A

Parkinson’s, heart blocks, bradycardia, asthma, COPD, IBS

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11
Q

anticholinergic drugs - atropine - indication

A

bradycardia and ventricular asystole

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12
Q

anticholinergic drugs - scopolamine - indications

A

motion sickness, decrease secretions in end of life care

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13
Q

anticholinergic drugs - glycopyrrolate - indications

A

end of life care decreased secretions

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14
Q

anticholinergic drugs - oxybutynin - indications

A

overactive bladder and antispasmodic for neurogenic bladder

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15
Q

cholinergic drugs - medication class

A

parasympathomimetics

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16
Q

cholinergic drugs - mechanism of action

A

mimic the action of acetylcholine neurotransmitter (in the parasympathetic NS)

receptor types:

  • nicotinic - in the ganglia
  • muscarinic - smooth and heart muscle, glands
17
Q

cholinergic drugs - direct-acting drugs

A

pilocarpine

bathanechol

18
Q

cholinergic drugs - indirect-acting

A

donepezil

19
Q

cholinergic drugs - side effects

A

SLUDGE

Secretion

Lacrimation (crying)

Urinary incontinence

Diarrhea

Gastrointestinal cramps

Emesis

20
Q

cholinergic drugs - antidote for cholinergic crisis

A

atropine sulfate (cholinergic antagonist)

21
Q

skeletal muscle relaxants - therapeutic uses

A

multiple sclerosis (MS)

spinal cord injuries

acute, painful musculoskeletal conditions

22
Q

skeletal muscle relaxants - drug name

A

carisoprodol

cyclobenzaprine

dantrolene

BAClofen

my _bac_k hurts, so ill take _bac_lofen

23
Q

skeletal muscle relaxants - side effects

A

drowsiness, sedation, dizziness

24
Q

skeletal muscle relaxants - adverse reaction

A

hepatotoxicity

(monitor liver functions test)

25
Q

skeletal muscle relaxants - patient education

A

do not drink alcohol

do not abruptly stop

RISE SLOWLY when getting up (orthostatic hypotension)

26
Q

phenytoin - medication class

A

anticonvulsants

27
Q

phenytoin - therapeutic uses

A

treats tonic-clonic seizures

28
Q

phenytoin - therapeutic range

A

10-20

same as theophylline

29
Q

phenytoin - toxicity

A

ataxia, nystagmus, coma, confusion, slurred speech, gait unsteadiness

30
Q

phenytoin - expected symptoms

A

gingival hyperplasia

when the gums are puffy and red

31
Q

phenytoin - hypersensitivity

A

steven-johnson syndrome (SJS)

rash that is painful, flu-like symptoms

32
Q

phenytoin - patient education

A

do not abruptly stop the medication

keep up with good oral hygiene, use soft bristle brush, and take folic acid supplementation

33
Q

valproic acid - medication class

A

carboxylic acid derivatives

34
Q

phenytoin - therapeutic uses

A

epilepsy, migraines, headaches, mania

35
Q

phenytoin - therapeutic range

A

50-100

36
Q

phenytoin - side effects

A

nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, heartburt

37
Q

phenytoin - adverse reactions

A

hepatotoxicity

prolonged bleeding time

CNS Drugs - Praxis (1 decks)

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