CNS Basics Flashcards

(30 cards)

1
Q

Three key functions of CNS?

A

Collect - Process - Respond

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2
Q

Four sections of brain?

A

Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Cerebellum, Brain stem

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3
Q

Why does the brain benefit from having a folded structure?

A

More folds = more neurons

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4
Q

What does grey matter consist of?

A

Neuron cell bodies, dendrites, telodendria, synapses

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5
Q

What does white matter consist of?

A

Myelinated axons

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6
Q

White and grey matter in telencephalon?

A

Grey outside, white inside

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7
Q

Projection fibres…

A

Connect HIGHER and LOWER centres e.g. internal capsule

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8
Q

Association fibres…

A

Within ONE hemisphere

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9
Q

Commissural fibres…

A

Connect SIMILAR areas in left and right hemispheres e.g. corpus callosum

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10
Q

Five areas of brain + functions?

A

Frontal = motor, Parietal = somatosensory, Occipital = visual, Temporal = auditory, Insula = gustatory

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11
Q

Left vs right hemisphere functions?

A
Left = speech, language, writing
Right = spacial visualisation and analysis, touch
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12
Q

Basal nuclei function?

A

Involved with movement control…affects Parkinson’s

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13
Q

Diencephalon function?

A

Relay and switching centres for some sensory and motor pathways and for control of visceral activities

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14
Q

What two areas are within the diencephalon?

A

Thamalus and hypothamalus

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15
Q

Function of thamalus?

A

Looks at salience of information and decides whether or not to pass it through, basal nuclei and cerebellum to cortex

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16
Q

Function of hypothalamus?

A

Receives information to maintain homeostasis via control of autonomic + endocrine systems…outputs include neural pathways that control autonomic nervous system and hormonal secretion into bloodstream (endocrine)

17
Q

Function of cerebellum?

A

Receives information about muscle tone, vestibular, proprioception and the environment, compares/integrates info with movement orders of cerebral cortex and predicts consequences/ adjusts movement commands

18
Q

Three parts of brain stem?

A

Mid brain, pons and medulla oblongata.

19
Q

Function of brain stem?

A

Basic behaviours for survival - sensory/motor pathways, consciousness, reflex for respiratory and cardiovascular systems

20
Q

Conus medullaris?

A

Caudal tip of spinal cord

21
Q

Cauda equina?

A

Horses tail = sensory and motor nerve roots

22
Q

Filum terminale?

A

Pia mater = anchors conus medullaris to coccyx

23
Q

White and grey matter organisation in spinal cord?

A

Opposite - grey inside, white outside

24
Q

Columns and horns and role?

A

Dorsal (sensory, Lateral (autonomic), Ventral (motor)

25
Enlargements in cervical spinal cord?
More neurons = larger cross section area, upper + lower limb operation
26
Meninges of brain and functions?
Dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater...limit movement of brain, protective, space for CBS fluid and blood vessels
27
Dura mater?
2 layers - meningeal and periosteal, tough and fibrous
28
Arachnoid mater?
Translucent spider web membrane
29
Pia mater?
Very thin delicate membrane
30
Functions of cerebrospinal fluid?
Support and cushion CNS, maintain environment, distribute hormones/transmitters