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Neuroanatomy I > CNS Appendix A > Flashcards

CNS Appendix A Flashcards

1
Q

Hypophysis Cerebri

A

Pituitary gland

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2
Q

Epiphysis Cerebri

A

Pineal gland

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3
Q

Embryo

A

The name given the developing human prior to the end of the second month of gestation

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4
Q

Fetus

A

Name applied to the developing human after the second month through parturition (birth)

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5
Q

Neonate

A

Newborn infant

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6
Q

Dentate

A

Notched or toothlike

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7
Q

Arcuate

A

Arranged like an arch

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8
Q

Striae (striatal)

A

A groove or streak-like formation

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9
Q

Rectus

A

Straight

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10
Q

Reticular

A

Net-like

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11
Q

Fissure

A

A relatively deep groove (infolding)

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12
Q

Sulcus

A

A relatively shallow groove (infolding)

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13
Q

Gyrus

A

Tortuous convolution. Usually found between sulci and/or fissures of the cerebrum

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14
Q

Folia

A

Small page-like gyri of the cerebellum

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15
Q

Nuclei

A

A cluster or group of neuron cell bodies located within the CNS

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16
Q

Ganglia

A

A cluster or group of cell bodies within the PNS

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17
Q

Neuron

A

A nerve cell

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18
Q

Perikaryon

A

Cell body (soma) of the neuron

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19
Q

Axon

A

A process of a neuron which carries the impulse away from the cell body

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20
Q

Dendrite

A

A process of a neuron which carries a charge or impulse toward the cell body

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21
Q

Fiber

A

A dominately long process (dendrite or axon) in a neuron

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22
Q

Nerve

A

Whitish appearing PNS structures filled with neuron fibers which innervate the body’s parts

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23
Q

Ramus

A

Literally means a branch. Major branches off the spinal nerve trunks = white ramus, gray ramus, dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, etc.

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24
Q

Axolemma

A

Outer plasma membrane of an axon

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25
Neurilemma
Covering around a neuron fiber created by a surrounding cell
26
Vertebral Canal
Passageway created by the continuous nature of vertebral foramina
27
Central Canal
Tiny channel found within the spinal cord and inferior medulla oblongata
28
Aqueduct
Passageway
29
Leptomeninx
Thin membrane
30
Pachymeninx
Thick membrane (dura mater)
31
Somesthetic
To sense the body
32
Modality
A specific sensory entity (ie. taste, smell, etc)
33
Proprioception
The modality of subconscious awareness of body position and muscle movement
34
Kinesthesia
The modality of conscious awareness of body position and movement
35
Cholinergic
The releasing of choline-like (Ach) molecules at a target site
36
Andrenergic
The releasing of adrenalin-like (norepinephrine included) molecules at a target site
37
Chiasma
A crossing (i.e. crossing of optic fibers)
38
Decussation
A crossing - used more liberally to indicate crossing of fibers and tracts in the CNS
39
Contralateral
To the opposite side
40
Ipsilateral
On the same side
41
Anterograde
Going forward. In neurology, often refers to going away from the neuron cell body
42
Retrograde
Going backward. In neurology often refers to going back toward the cell body
43
Fugal
Traveling away from. Used often as a suffix
44
Lesion
Any type of injury, damage, or "hurt" can be called a lesion
45
Myelopathy
Lesion of the spinal cord
46
Necrosis
Deadness. Death of cells or tissue
47
Neoplasm
Any new abnormal growth (tumor)
48
Malignant
Spreading life-threatening neoplasm
49
Metastatic
Transferring to other tissue
50
Idiopathic
Generally used to mean something of unknown cause
51
Ischemia
Means to suppress blood supply to an area. This results in abnormal function and could lead to necrosis
52
Hematoma
Accumulation of blood outside of the blood vessels
53
Aneurysm
An abnormal dilation of a blood vessel wall and its lumen
54
Stroke
Blood vascular loss in the CNS leading to permanent or prolonged brain damage
55
Angiography
X-ray of blood vessels injected with radiopaque dyes
56
Myelography
X-ray of vertebral canal and spinal cord structures following injection of radiopaque dyes into the CSF
57
Ataxia
Irregularity in skeletal muscle coordination
58
Paralysis
Total or partial loss of normal motor function
59
Aphasia
Inability to communicate by speech, writing, or signs
60
Dysphasia
Partial or unusual loss of communicative ability
61
Archi
Prefix meaning beginning or original
62
Paleo
Prefix meaning "old"
63
Neo
Prefix meaning "new"
64
Cauda Equina
Horses' Tail
65
Cephalgia
Headache
66
Cornu
Horn-like projection
67
Crus
Leg or leg-like
68
Cytoarchitecture
The pattern of cell arrangements
69
Falx
Sickle-shaped
70
Fenestra
Window-like
71
Foramen
Opening
72
Glial
Glue-like
73
Micron
Metric system unit of length. 10^-6
74
Operculum
Lid or covering
75
Pallium
To "cloak." Used synonymously with "cortex"
76
Pons
Bridge. Located between the M.O. and the midbrain
77
BBB
Blood Brain Barrier
78
CSF
Cerebrospinal Fluid
79
CVA
Cardiovascular Accident
80
TIA
Transient Ischemic Attack
81
DRG
Dorsal Root Ganglion
82
IVF
Intervertebral Foramen
83
EEG
Electroencephalogram. Used to pick up brain waves.
84
CAT
Computerized Axial Tomography device (x-rays)
85
MRI
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (magnets)
86
PET
Positron Emission Tomography (radioactive)
87
M.O.
Medulla Oblongatta
88
M.S.
Multiple Sclerosis
89
ALS
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's Disease)
90
GABA
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid. An amino acid which is a common inhibitory CNS neurotransmitter
91
ACH
Acetylcholine
92
Chordata
Phylum man is classified
93
Vertebrata
Subphylum man is classified
94
Mammalia
Class man is classified
95
Primate
Order man is classified
96
Homo sapiens
Proper way to write the genus and species of man
97
Adenohypophysis
The anterior and intermediate portions of the pituitary gland
98
Neurohypophysis
The posterior pituitary or "pars nervosa"

Neuroanatomy I (1 decks)

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