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Block 4 > CNS and PNS > Flashcards

CNS and PNS Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical divisions of the nervous systems are…

A

CNS and PNS

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2
Q

Central nervous system is divided into…

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

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3
Q

Another name for the brain is…

outer layer of the brain is made up of…
Inner layer of the brain is made up of..

A

Encephalon

Grey matter
White matter

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4
Q

The brain includes these 3 parts

The brain is DIVIDED into these 3 sections

A

Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and brain stem

Forebrain, Midbrain, and Hindbrain (medulla oblongata)

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5
Q

The forebrain is also known as…

It is also known as the ___ part of the brain
it is divided into left and right hemisphere by…
Then the hemispheres are connected by…

A

Cerebrum

Largest
Longitudinal Sulci
Commissure = Corpus colossum

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6
Q 
What are the fxn of the following lobes of brain?
Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
A

Frontal lobe - Thoughts, intelligence, Memory, and speech
Parietal lobes - memory by association, distinguish objects by touch/sensory
Temporal - Balance, hearing, taste, smell
Occipital - Sight, visual sensation

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7
Q

This structure is a “stem-like” portion that connects cerebrum to pons and the cerebellum.

A

Midbrain

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8
Q

What is the hindbrain made up of?

A

cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata

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9
Q

What is the largest portion of the hindbrain?

  • it is separated from the cerebrum by ___ cleft.
  • Its fxn is to …
  • Like Cerebrum it also has hemispheres that are connected by ____
  • Not to be confuse with the cleft, this structure contains many of these
  • A tissue between curved sulci
A

Cerebellum

Transverse Cleft
Balance, controls skeletal muscles for equilibrium, muscle coordination and posture
vermis
Transverse sulci
Folia
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10
Q

what structure acts as bridge between cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla?

A

Pons

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11
Q

What part of the hindbrain extends btwn pons and spinal cord?

A

Medulla Oblongata

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12
Q

what is the midbrain consists of?

A

Diencephalon, Pons, and Medulla oblongata

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13
Q

Spinal Cord is unlike the brain:

the inner layer is made up of ____ matter
the outer layer is made up of ___ matter
It extends from the brain to the lvl of L_ and L_
The spinal Cord begins at _____ _____ and ends at the structure call ____ _____

A

Grey matter, White matter
L1 and L2
Foramen Magnum and ends at the Conus Medularis

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14
Q

There are ___ pairs of nerves that derive from 2 roots along both sides of the spinal cord

A

31

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15
Q

Nerves travels peripherally through these 2 Foramina

A

Intervertebral and Sacral

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16
Q

what do you call the nerves that extends inferiorly to conus medularis?

A

Cauda Equina

17
Q

How many ventricles are there and what are they?

A

there are 4, Lateral Ventriclesx2, 3rd ventricle, and 4th ventricle

18
Q

What is produced by the ventricles and what is the fxn?

A

CSF, for the cushion and shock absorbtion

19
Q

There are 2 of these ventricles

  • what shape is it?
  • what are the 3 portions?
  • how does it communicate with the 3rd ventricle?
A

Lateral Ventricles

U shape
Anterior Posterior and Inferior
Via Interventricular Foramina / Foramen of Monroe

20
Q

This ventricle has a slit like cavity located in the midline.
It communicates with the 4th ventricle via …

A

3rd ventricle

Cerebral aqueduct/Aqueduct of Sylvius

21
Q

This ventricle is diamond shaped cavity located in the hindbrain
Communicates with the subarachnoid space through 2 apertures ;____ ___ or aka foramen of ____ and foramina of ______

A

4th ventricle
medial aperture/foramen of magende
foramina of lushka

22
Q

Name the layers of the meninges from innermost to outermost? and what spaces are between each layers?

A

Pia mater, Arachnoid, and Dura Mater

Subarachnoid (btwn pia mater and Arachnoid), Subdural (space between arachnoid and Dura Mater)

23
Q

which space of the meninges contain the CSF?

In this space, when there is an area of increase width, it is called…
The Widest part is called…

A

Subarachnoid

Cistern, Cisterna Magna

24
Q

What layer of the meninges is the layer that lines the cranial bones?

A

Dura Mater

25
Q

what 2 arteries makes up the basilar artery? which region of the brain does it supply blood to?

A

Vertebral Arteries (left and right) Posterior Cerebral region

26
Q

what region of the brain does the right and left internal carotid supply blood to

A

Middle and Anterior cerebral regions

27
Q

basilar artery bifurcates into… and RIGHT and LEFT internal Carotid bifurcates into ____ and ____

A

Posterior cerebral arteries, middle and anterior cerebral arteries

28
Q

What does PNS act as?

A

messenger

29
Q

what are the 2 types of impulses or messages of PNS?

A

Sensory “A”fferent and Motor “E”fferent

30
Q

what are the 3 subdivisions of PNS?

A

Somatic, Autonomic, and Enteric

Block 4 (3 decks)

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