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Zoology > Cnideria > Flashcards

Cnideria Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main tissues of a cnidarian?

A

gastroderm and epidermis

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2
Q

what process during development do we get endoderm and ectoderm?

A

gastrulation

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3
Q

what shrinks during blastulation?

A

blastocoel

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4
Q

blastocoel will eventually be replaced by?

A

mesoglea

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5
Q

what kind of cells will we find on the epidermis and the gastrodermis?

A

cnidocytes

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6
Q

inside a cnidocyte we will find what?

A

cnida

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7
Q

what is the typical name for a harpoon cnida that is typically called what?

A

nematocyst

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8
Q

What is it called when blastoderm fold inward forming gastrula?

A

gastrulation

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9
Q

cnidarians that are barely mobile are also called what?

A

pelagic

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10
Q

cnidarians that are unable to swim against current are known as what?

A

planktonic

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11
Q

what is the term for two basic body forms?

A

dimorphism

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12
Q

what is the term for two embryonic cell layers?

A

diploblast

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13
Q

about how many species are there of cnidarians?

A

9000+

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14
Q

what are the habitats of cnidarians?

A

entirely aquatic and mostly marine

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15
Q

modified cilliim trigger mechanism on cnidocytes are called?

A

cnidocil

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16
Q

cells that secrete enzymes for extracellular digestion and are found in gastrovascular cavity are called?

A

gland cells

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17
Q

cells that allow organism to contract tenticles to pull in food that run longitudinally up and down the body are called?

A

epithelial muscular cells

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18
Q

what are three characteristics of cnidarian nervous tissue?

A

diffuse, two way, unmyelinated

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19
Q

nerve net interfaces with these three cells

A

sensory cells, cnidocytes, epitheliomuscular cells

20
Q

nerve cell clusters found in some medusa that may have chemoreceptors are called

A

rhopalia

21
Q

chemoreceptors that sense gravity

A

statocysts

22
Q

chemoreceptors that sense light

A

ocelli

23
Q

during the typical lifecycle of polyps and medusae, the zygote develops into ________

A

planula larvae

24
Q

when a species has separate male and females it is known to be

A

dioecious

25
Q

an example of a polyp colony that is not sessile

A

portuguese man-o-war

26
Q

what are the four polyp types

A

single gas filled, feeding, defense, reproductive

27
Q

_____________ digestion occurs in cavity

A

extracellular

28
Q

____________ digestion occurs in gastrodermal cells

A

intracellular

29
Q

all excretion and respiration done by

A

diffusion

30
Q

why don’t cnidarians need specialized organs like we do?

A

high surface area and low matabolism

31
Q

a narrowing of the oral surface of the bell, to help create thrust

A

velum

32
Q

an extension of the mouth opening, may have its own tentacles or “arms”

A

manubrium

33
Q

multiple kinds of polyps in the same colony

A

polymorphic (hydrozoans)

34
Q

polyps that have a non-living, chitinous shell are?

A

thecate (hydrozoans)

35
Q

Some colonies are polymorphic. __________ are reproductive medusae factories.

A

Gonangia (hydrozoans)

36
Q

Some colonies are polymorphic. ___________ are simple polyps.

A

Hydranths (hydrozoans)

37
Q

hydra, lobelia, physalia (man-o-war) are all examples of which class of cnideria

A

hydrozoa

38
Q

all marine, solitary, medusa dominate, reduced or absent polyp stage, velum absent, rhopalia present, mesoglea often quite substantial, conspicuous oral arms

A

scyphozoa

39
Q

freshwater and marine, typically dimorphic, often colonial, some colonies are thecate, multiple types of polyps in same colony

A

hydrozoa

40
Q

all marine, square shaped bell, solitary, medusa dominate, advanced image capturing eyes with cornea and lens in rhopalia, velum absent (but similar structure velarium is present and functions the same), some are highly toxic

A

cubozoa

41
Q

all marine, no medusae, sea pens, gorgonians, gastrovascular cavity suspended by septa, gonads are present polyps, derived from endoderm/gastroderm

A

anthozoa

42
Q

hard corals are polyp colonies that secrete a calcium carbonate ____________

A

exoskeleton (anthozoa)

43
Q

most corals are extensively mutualistic with ______________, primarily dinoflagellates

A

zooxanthellae (anthozoa)

44
Q

a reef tank is really a phylum cnideria, class _________ display

A

anthozoa

45
Q

___________ and other cilia for increased circulation, hydrostatic skeleton

A

siphonoglyph

46
Q

_________ increase digestive surface area, contain gland cells and cnidocytes

A

secondary or partial septa

Zoology (4 decks)

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