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Zoo 111 > Cnidarians > Flashcards

Cnidarians Flashcards

1
Q

shelf of tissue extending inward from the edge of the swimming bell toward the manubrium

A

velum

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2
Q

asexual type of reproduction similar to multiple transverse fission

A

strobilation

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3
Q

generally greater representation of the polyp morph in the life cycle / and medusa morphology dominates in a few others

A

Class hydrozoa

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4
Q

most are marine but with freshwater species also; generally medusoid as adults but they tend to be smaller

A

Order Hydroida

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5
Q

swimming bell with a narrower opening effect

A

greater velocity

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6
Q

Hydrozoa:

Presence of perisarc

A

Thecate

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7
Q

Hydrozoa:

Absence of perisarc

A

Athecate

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8
Q

where does nematocysts of hydrozoa lies?

A

Epidermis only, not gastrodermin

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9
Q

Hydrozoa

interconnected polyps in a colony
sharing a continuous gastrovascular cavity

A

Zooids/Modules

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10
Q

Hydrozoa:

where gamete forms and food enters

A

GVC

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11
Q

Hydrozoa

Mesoglea is cellular

A

False

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12
Q

Hydrozoa:
root-like structure anchoring the colony to a
substrate

A

Stolon

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13
Q

Hydrozoa:

transparent protective tube made of chitin, polysaccharide, protein

A

Perisarc

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14
Q

Hydrozoa:

perisarc of the hydranth

A

Hydrotheca

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15
Q

Hydrozoa:

zooid specialized for feeding

A

Gastrozooid

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16
Q

Hydrozoa:

oral end of the polyp containing the
tentacles and the mouth

A

Hydranth

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17
Q

Hydrozoa:

zooids specialized for production of
medusoids

A

Gonozooid

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18
Q

Hydrozoa:

fingerlike modules
specialized for defense; nematocysts.

A

Dactylozooids

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19
Q

Hydrozoa:

two or more types of modules

A

Dimorphic, polymorphic

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20
Q

Hydrozoa:

Orders under Subphylum Hydroidolina

A

Anthomedusae
Leptomedusae
Hydromedusae
Siphonopora

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21
Q

Anthomedusae

by the wind sailor, colonial hydroid

A

Vellela sp.

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22
Q

Hydromedusae:

fire coral

A

Millepora

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23
Q

Number of species in hydrozoa

A

more than 3k

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24
Q

Anthomedusae:

blue button

A

Porpita

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25
Hydromedusae: hydrocoral
Stylaster
26
Solitary hydroid, harbor zoochlorellae in tissues, life cycle lacks medusa stage
Hydra sp.
27
Immortal jellyfish, has the ability to revert back to immortal polyp thru transdifferentiation
Turritopsis dohrnii
28
Leptomedusae: Hydroids with hydrothecae
calyptoblastic
29
Medusae saucer-shaped, but lacking in many species, Gonads on radial canals, Sensory structures usually statocysts, All shallow marine waters
Order Leptomedusae
30
Leptomedusae: tubular living tissue connecting the polyps of a hydroid colony
Coenosarc
31
Obelia sp. What is the main stem? What is for attachment?
Hydrocaulus | Hydrorhiza
32
Stolon and stalks of this colony is composed of polysaccharide, protein, and chitin.
Obelia sp.
33
What order? few species, colonial, secrete calcareous skeleton, restricted to warm waters, not true corals, have abundant dactylozooids
Order Hydromedusae
34
What order? voracious carnivores free-floating hydrozoan colonies, polymorph epitome of hydrozoan polymorphism, “Gastrozooids and dactylozooids may have associated tentacles”
Order Siphonophora
35
Siphonophora: modified medusae serve as modules modified to propel the colony through the water by jet propulsion; lack both mouth and tentacles
nectophores
36
Siphonophora: | leaf-like defensive modules
Bracks/Phyllozooids
37
Siphonophora: gas-filled floats (CO2), mesoglea layer is much reduced or entirely absent
Pneumatophores
38
Siphonophora: elongated, nematocyst bearing structures that may project from tentacles
Tentillae
39
Siphonophora: modules occurring in clusters and arranged upon a long stem; typically contains gastrozooids, gonozooids, dactylozooids, phyllozooids
Cormidia
40
What species: lacks nectophores, these animals are moved by wind and current by its pneumatophore
Portuguese man of war (Physalis sp.)
41
Shell-less sea slug, Pelagic, feeds on portuguese man of war, Capable of storing nematocysts within its own and use it as defense
Glaucus atlanticus
42
Siphonophora: each gastrozooid has a single tentacle ; each tentacle possess tentillae, pneumatophore is relatively small. nectophore contraction provides jet propulsion
Nectalia sp.
43
Siphonophora: lacks pneumatophore, largest member of the colony is nectophore, long stem is cormidia
Maggiaea sp.
44
parasites with polar capsules and polar filaments, A gene that codes specifically for cnidarian nematocyst proteins now has been found in a species of this, their polar filaments might be nematocysts
(Subphylum?) Myxozoa
45
``` CN: stalked jellyfishes, Mostly small, Found in cold, shallow waters 8 tentacles in distal end, Feed on small crustaceans, No swimming medusa stage, 4 cm long, gonads found inside ```
Class Staurozoa
46
# Fill in: Staurozoa: Males and females release gamete in the seawater Zygote Elongated planulae (non-ciliated) – they creep over the substrate via --------------(what?) Attach to a substrate and develop feeding tentacles
muscular contractions
47
Examples (species) of Staurozoa
Manania uchidae | Lucernarnia batyphilla
48
``` Absence of medusa stage Absence of operculum and cnidocil Mitochondrial DNA is circular Presence of siphonoglyph Coelenteron partitioned by mesenteries ```
Subphylum Anthozoa
49
Anthozoa: ciliated groove in the pharyngeal wall leading to the mouth
Siphonoglyph
50
Anthozoa: distinct sheet of tissues partitioning the coelenteron
mesenteries
51
Anthozoa Pharynx; Invaginated Ectoderm
Stomodeum
52
Anthozoa: internal filaments loaded with nematocysts and secretory cells
Acontia
53
Primarily carnivorous Opportunistic carnivores Lips Feeding: M - P/S - GMC
Subphylum Anthozoa
54
sea anemones’ symbiotic algae
Zooxanthellae | Zoochlorellae
55
(4) Asexual Reproduction of Subphylum Methozoa
Longitudinal fission Transverse fission Pedal Laceration Fragmentation
56
Anthozoa: rings of small, spherical bulges extending around the circumference of the body column; with nematocysts
Acrorhagi
57
Anthozoa: present in anemones that lack acrorhagi; tentacles specialized for fighting
Catch tentacles
58
How many species and percent are Anthozoa (relative of Cnidarians)
6K, 70%
59
Anthozoa Type of Digestion
Extracellular
60
Anthozoa (2) Enzymes in GVC Septa
Lipases | proteases
61
Anthozoa: Organism that can change their sex at some point in their lives
Sequential hermaphrodite
62
Anthozoa parts of pedal disc (foot) detach from the rest of the animal and gradually differentiate to form a new single-module ramet
Pedal Laceration
63
Other term for Subclass hexacorallia
Zoantharia
64
Other term for Subclass octacorallia
Alcyonaria
65
Hexacorallia Symmetry in multiples of 6
hexamerous
66
Three orders in hexacorallia
Actiniaria Ceriantharia Scleractinia
67
Scleractinia Coral Cup
Corallite
68
(3) Importance of Scleractinia
Reef building - biodiversity Aesthetic Surgical
69
Hexactinallia Type of symbiotic relationship involving sea anemone and hermit crabs
Phoresy
70
Ctenophores: | single sphere of calcium carbonate
statoliths
71
Ctenophores: devastated the anchovy fishery in the Black Sea
Mnemiopsis leidyi

Zoo 111 (2 decks)

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