CNA Practice Test

Question 1

The surgical creation of an artificial opening of the large intestine is called a ________________.

A) Gastronomy

B) Colectomy

C) Pouch

D) Colostomy.

Answer 1

D) Colostomy

A colostomy is a surgical procedure that takes a section of the colon and creates an artificial opening through the abdomen. The opening is called a stoma. Contents of the , or large intestine, are collected in a pouch outside the body.

Question 2

When making a bed, _______________

A) raise the bed 12 inches

B) raise the bed to the level of your hips

C) do not raise the bed

D) raise the bed to the level of your waist

Answer 2

D) raise the bed to the level of your waist.

To avoid back injury, raise the I hear this hilarious Independence Day bed to about waist height. Should be able to stand with your back straight.

Question 3

The nurse aid enters a clients room, and the client states that he is in pain. What should the nurse do?

A) help the client to get out of bed and move around.

B) report it to the nurse in charge.

C) turn on the television to distract the client.

D) tell the client that the pain will go away soon.

Answer 3

B) report it to the nurse in charge.

As a CNA, you may be the first person that learns of a client’s pain. Report what the client tells you to the nurse. You can try to make the client more comfortable with a position change, arranging pillows, or other supportive measures.

Question 4

An apical pulse is counted for _______________.

A) 15 seconds, then multiplied by 4.

B) 30 seconds, then multiplied by 2.

C) one full minute

D) as long as it takes to hear a regular beat

Answer 4

C) one full minute

An apical pulse is taken on the patient’s chest near the heart. You will need a stethoscope and a stopwatch to count for one full minute. An apical pulse is useful for slow, pulse rates (under 60 BPM) or irregular pulse rates.

Question 5

What body system provides framework for the body and allows the body to move?

A) Musculoskeletal

B) Nervous

C) Integumentary

D) Endocrine

Answer 5

A) Musculoskeletal

The musculoskeletal system is made up of muscles, bones, Cartlidge, tendons, ligaments, and joints. Together, they provide the framework for the body, muscles to move the bones, the connective tissue that links all of the moving parts.

Question 6

Rheumatoid arthritis may _______________.

A) cause deformities

B) have periods of remission

C) cause pain and muscle spasms

D) all of the above

Answer 6

D) all of the above

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease. The patients immune system attacks the lining of the membranes that surround the joints, causing severe pain, swelling, redness, and muscle spasms. Over time, the joints become deformed. There can be periods of remission, but there is no cure for RA.

Question 7

Your client has been placed on I & O. This means that you should _______________.

A) measure the first voiding each morning

B) keep the patient NPO

C) keep track of all the solid foods and liquids the client takes in.

D) record all the fluid intake and output

Answer 7

D) record all the fluid intake and output

Intake an output measure the fluid balance in the body. To calculate input, add all liquids, plus foods that are liquid at room temperature, such as ice cream, ice, pops, and Jell-O.

Question 8

A resident has a slow heart rate; less than 60 bpm. This is called _______________.

A) Bradycardia

B) Tachycardia

C) Tachypnea

D) Bradypnea

Answer 8

A) Bradycardia

The normal range of heartbeats is 60-100 per minute. Ups rate below 60 is called bradycardia, and should be reported to the nurse. “Brady” means slow. Bradypnea Is a slow respiratory rate.

Question 9

Which of the following foods is allowed in a clear liquid diet?

A) tomato juice

B) milkshake

C) pudding

D) Jell-O

Answer 9

D) Jell-O

A clear liquid diet means the patient can have liquids that you can see through and foods that turn to liquid at room temperature. Examples: grape juice, apple juice and cranberry juice are OK, but orange juice is not. broth, Jell-O, and Popsicles are also acceptable. Tea and coffee without cream are fine, too.

Question 10

The first sign of a decubitus ulcer is _______________.

A) redness, and warmth

B) tender, broken skin

C) mottled and cold skin

D) White and insensitive skin

Answer 10

A) redness, and warmth

One of the primary responsibility of a nurse aid is to monitor the clients skin for any signs of breaking down. During baths, dressing, or position changes, inspect the skin for redness, pallor, warmth, or bruising. Reposition at least every two hours, protecting areas that rub together, as well as the bony prominences. Massages to the back and buttocks can promote circulation. Range of motion exercises are also helpful. Always report any signs of breakdown to the nurse.

Question 11

Which of the following is recorded as the systolic blood pressure?

A) The point where the last sound is heard

B) the point when the pulse is no longer felt

C) the point where the first sound is heard

D) the point 30 mm Hg above where the pulse was felt

Answer 11

C) the point where the first sound is heard

When taking a blood pressure, inflate the cuff of the sphygmomanometer until it is snug, about 180 mm Hg. Slowly release the valve of the cuff. When the blood is allowed to circulate, there will be a sound. That is the systolic pressure measurement, or the top number of the blood pressure reading. Hint: to remember, which is the top number, think of the “S” in systolic, superior, and sky. All of them are “above” or “high”.

Question 12

A fracture-type bedpan is used for residence who _______________.

A) are in traction

B) have had hip surgery

C) have a back injury

D) all of the above

Answer 12

D) all of the above

A fracture pan is a smaller version of a bedpan, with one side flat, which makes it easier to slide under a patient who cannot raise their hips or who must maintain alignment. The other end has a handle for easy removal.

Question 13

Edema means ______________ .

A) swelling

B) increased appetite

C) cleanse bowel of gas and feces

D) decreased appetite

Answer 13

A) swelling

Edema (pronounced “eh-DEE-mah”) is swelling caused by excess fluid that gets trapped in the body’s tissues. it usually occurs in the feet, ankles, and legs of a person with heart failure. It often develops gradually. The area looks puffy, and the skin appears shiny. If you press on the area, it will leave a depression that lasts after you remove your finger.

Question 14

The physician ordered Mrs. Jones “to receive physical therapy QOD”. That means that she will go _____________.

A) four times a day

B) every other day

C) every day

D) every four hours

Answer 14

B) every other day

QOD means every other day. “Q” stands for every and “D” stands for day. “QD” is every day. Remember that “O” is other, or alternate.

Question 15

The admission process includes all EXCEPT _____________.

A) Orientating the person to the room, nursing unit and facility

B) Weighing and measuring the person

C) Completing an admission checklist

D) Completing a physical assessment by the CNA

Answer 15

D) Completing a physical assessment by the CNA

The CNA can obtain objective information such as vital signs, height, and weight, or observing a patient skin, but cannot do an assessment. The RN is able to do a physical assessment as part of the nursing diagnosis and report findings to the MD.

Question 16

A restraint should always be tied to the _______________

A) bedside table

B) bed frame

C) mattress

D) side rail

Answer 16

B) bed frame

In October 2015 warning, the FDA stated: “Secure restraints designed for use in bed to the bedsprings or frame, NEVER to the mattress or the bed rails. If the bed is adjustable, secure restraints to parts of the bed that would move with the patient (not constrict the patient)” the knots used for the restrain must be quick-release.

Question 17

The CNA can do all of these to assist a patient for discharge capital EXCEPT ______________.

A) help the person change into street clothes

B) transport the person out of the facility

C) explain the discharge orders to the patient

D) help pack the belongings

Answer 17

C) explain the discharge orders to the patient

The RN is trained to provide patient education and answer questions regarding orders and treatment. It is beyond the scope of the CNA practice to give discharge instructions to a patient.

Question 18

Mrs. Jones is an insulin-dependent diabetic. What task should not be done for Mrs. Jones?

A) clipping toenails

B) ambulating with a gait belt

C) bathing in warm water

D) daily footcare

Answer 18

A) clipping toenails

Because diabetics often have neuropathy, or nerve damage, they are unable to detect if their feet are injured. Even trimming toenails can cause an injury. Diabetics need expert care from a podiatrist or a qualified foot care professional. You could be held liable if the client develops an infection after you cut her toenails .

Question 19

A major risk factor for a stroke is _______________.

A) hypotension

B) hypertension

C) overuse of vitamins

D) being underweight

Answer 19

B) hypertension

Hypertension is the main risk factor for strokes. Other risk factors are diabetes, heart, disease, smoking, and a history of strokes or TIAs.

Question 20

When helping a resident get out of bed, what should a nurse aid do?

A) use good body mechanics

B) ask another nurse aide to help

C) raise the bed all the way up

D) keep the side rails up

Answer 20

A) use good body mechanics

Each time you assist, move, or transfer a resident, remember to use good body mechanics to avoid hurting yourself. Proper body mechanics uses the legs to do most of the work. Keep your back straight and locked; do not turn or twist. If you bend, do so at the knees and hips, not the waist. Before lifting or moving a resident, assess how much they are able to do. If you have any doubts, always ask for assistance from a coworker.

Question 21

Residence who are bedridden face all thefollowing risks EXCEPT _______________.

A) increased muscle strength

B) pneumonia

C) calcium loss

D) blood clots

Answer 21

A) increased muscle strength

When a resident is unable to get out of bed, there can be many serious complications. Because lungs can’t fully expand, pneumonia can develop. Without weight-bearing activity, calcium leaves the bones, causing bones to thin. And with sluggish circulation, blood clots can form, especially in the legs. Muscles can atrophy, and there is a risk of developing contractures.

Question 22

A cane should be used on the _______________.

A) weak side

B) strong side

C) dominant side

D) preferred side

Answer 22

B) strong side

When using a cane, it “goes on the strong side, but moves with the weak side.” this automatically shifts the person‘s weight to the strong side. To walk properly, place the cane the distance of an average step, and move the weak (affected) leg with it. Do not reach or stretch to increase the distance. The strong arm and weak leg share the load. Leaving weight through the arm that is holding the cane. When climbing stairs, remember “up with the good” and “down with the bad” to maintain balance.

Question 23

An elderly resident who is inactive is at risk for constipation. In addition to increased activity and exercise, which of the following actions helps to prevent constipation?

A) frequent snack times

B) adequate fluid intake

C) low fiber diet

D) high protein diet

Answer 23

B) adequate fluid intake

Getting enough fluids is important in preventing constipation. Elderly people may not have an adequate fluid intake for several reasons.
1. Older people may not recognize when they are thirsty. They may need to be reminded to drink or the nurse aid can offer a drink every two hours.
2. They may restrict their own fluids to avoid incontinence or frequent toileting. Scheduled toileting can reduce the chance of incontinence.
3. They may have a medical condition, such as cognitive heart, failure, or kidney disease, that have restricted fluid intakes. If any resident is constipated on a regular basis, tell the nurse.

Question 24

Mr. Lopez is learning to use the walker. What should the nurse aid do?

A) have him walk in place for five minutes

B) put padding on the walker in case he falls

C) encourage him to walk by himself

D) walk behind him, using a gait belt

Answer 24

D) walk behind him, using a gait belt

Question 25

Mrs. Wilson is in your facility for rehabilitation after her hip replacement. Her husband wants to help give her a bath and she agrees. What should you say? A) “great! I can take a longer break while you give her a bath. Let me set you up.” B) “that’s nice! Let me gather everything and we can do it together.” C) “I’m sorry, but it’s against policy to let anyone but staff take care of the patients.” D) “I must protect the privacy of my patience. You will need to leave while I bathe her.”

Answer 25

B) “that’s nice! Let me gather everything and we can do it together.”

Question 26

Which of the following statements is true about range of motion (ROM) exercises? A) they require at least 20 repetitions of each exercise. B) they are done just once every other day. C) they can help prevent strokes and paralysis. D) they are often performed during ADLs.

Answer 26

D) they are often performed during ADLs.

Question 27

When helping a client who is recovering from a stroke to walk, the nurse age should assist _______________. A) on the client’s weak side B) from behind the client C) on the client’s Strong side D) with a wheelchair

Answer 27

A) on the client’s weak side

Question 28

While helping a resident perform a Range of Motion (ROM) exercise, he complains of pain. The nurse aid should _______________. A) Stop the exercise at that point and tell the nurse B) ask the nurse to give a pain medication C) asked to receive more training in ROM techniques D) repeat the ROM exercise to see if it happens again

Answer 28

A) Stop the exercise at that point and tell the nurse

Question 29

The doctor has ordered physical therapy (PT) for every day of the week. The patients religion does not permit any activity on Saturday. What should you do when PT arrives on Saturday? A) Tell PT to come back for two sessions on Sunday. B) tell the patient that they must follow the doctor’s orders. C) tell the patient’s family so they can decide if PT is allowed. D) tell the nurse so they can call the doctor to change the order.

Answer 29

D) tell the nurse so they can call the doctor to change the order.

Question 30

After Mr. Hall’s stroke, his right arm is weak, he should be taught to _______________. A) put both arms in the shirt at the same time. B) put his left arm into his shirt first. C) put his right arm into the shirt first. D) the resident can decide which arm goes first.

Answer 30

C) put his right arm into the shirt first. Mr. Hall should use his left arm to put his right arm into his shirt first. When dressing a resident with one-sided weakness, teach the resident to use their strong side to dress the weak side first.

Question 31

What would be the BEST way for the nurse aid to promote client independence in bathing a patient who has had a stroke? A) teach the patient to wash their hands properly before doing anything else. B) leave the patient alone and tell them to call you if they need any help. C) do everything for the patient so they can watch how to do tasks properly. D) encourage the patient to do as much as possible, offering to help as needed.

Answer 31

D) encourage the patient to do as much as possible, offering to help as needed.

Question 32

When you approach a resident with dementia, how should you behave? A) with the meek, submissive demeanor. B) with a cold, professional attitude. C) with a relaxed and cheerful manner. D) with a hurried behavior.

Answer 32

C) with a relaxed and cheerful manner. Patience with dementia, can detect moods and attitudes, and act in a similar manner.

Question 33

Some patients may exhibit some “false beliefs” not supported by facts or reality. This is known as _______________. A) deliberation B) duration C) delusion D) digression

Answer 33

C) delusion

Question 34

When caring for a confused resident what should a nursing assistant do? A) offer the resident a choice of three or four activities B) allow the resident to plan their day C) provided a different schedule for variety D) give simple and direct instructions

Answer 34

D) give simple and direct instructions When speaking to a client who is confused or agitated, use a calm voice. Talk directly to the client, saying their name. Be respectful and always treat the client like an adult.

Question 35

If her resident becomes confused, you should _______________. A) help the resident recognize familiar items. B) put him in restraints so he won’t fall. C) place him in his room so he won’t wander. D) sit him down until you have time to assist him

Answer 35

A) help the resident recognize familiar items.

Question 36

A resident with dementia has wandered into another unit. What should the nurse aid say after finding the resident? A) “Let’s walk back together, OK?” B) “let’s go. Don’t you know I have work to do?” C) “do you think you’re in the wrong place?” D) “how on earth did you get here?”

Answer 36

A) “Let’s walk back together, OK?” 6 out of 10 patients with dementia will wonder.

Question 37

Which of the following can be a cause of intellectual disability? A. Downs syndrome. B. Childhood illness. C. Birth complications. D. All of the above.

Answer 37

D. All of the above. Intellectual disability (ID) is a below normal intelligence and ability to perform basic tasks.

Question 38

A nurse aid finds a resident looking in the refrigerator at the nurses’ station at 5 AM. The resident, who is confused, explains that he needs breakfast before he leaves for work. The the best response by the nurse is? A. Ask the resident about his job and if he is hungry. B. Remind him that he is retired from his job and in a nursing home. C. Help the resident back to his room and into bed. D. Tell him that residence are not allowed in the nurses’ station.

Answer 38

A. Ask the resident about his job and if he is hungry. When residents who are confused, think they still have a job, or are excited about a new job, do not contradict them or try to convince them they have no such thing. Do not play along with their misunderstanding. Simply ask them about the job and redirect them. You can say “that sounds important. Let’s have breakfast first, OK?” Give them a task, take a walk, or take them to another activity.

Question 39

A common impairment that can complicate effective communication between you and your patient include _______________. A. Bulimia. B. Aphasia C. Dysphagia D. Apoplexia

Answer 39

B. Aphasia When a client has suffered a stroke or other head injury, the speech center of the brain can be damaged, resulting in aphasia.

Question 40

Using touch as a way to communicate with a client _______________. A. Is natural and does not require consent. B. Establishes authority with the client. C. Should only be done when giving direct care. D. Depends on the client’s culture.

Answer 40

D. Depends on the client’s culture. Touch is a universal human need and can be a useful communication tool. However, do not assume that touch is always welcome. Always request permission to touch a client. Be aware that some cultures are uncomfortable with touching.

Question 41

If a patient speaks a different language, how can you communicate? A. Get an interpreter. B. Wait until a family member can translate. C. Use gestures and visual aids. D. Try to learn the language.

Answer 41

C. Use gestures and visual aids. When a patient speaks another language, use nonverbal methods to communicate.

Question 42

To prevent the spread of infection, how should the nurse aid handle the soiled linens removed from a client’s bed? A. Carry them close to the nurses aide’s body. B. Shake them in the air to remove any dirt. C. Place them in a neat pile on the floor. D. Put them in the dirty linen container.

Answer 42

D. Put them in the dirty linen container. Infection can be spread by soiled linen. Cheap soiled linen away from your clothing. Wash hands immediately after removing gloves.

Question 43

The most important way to prevent the spread of infection is _______________. A. Hand washing. B. Sanitizer. C. Wear gloves for all patient contact. D. Vaccinations.

Answer 43

A. Hand washing.

Question 44

When washing your hands, apply the soap _____________. A. After removing gloves. B. Before wetting your hands. C. After wetting your hands. D. Before turning on the faucet.

Answer 44

C. After wetting your hands.

Question 45

Which conditions promotes the growth of bacteria? A. Dark, warm, moist B. Warm, light, dry. C. Warm, dark, dry. D. Cold, dark, moist.

Answer 45

A. Dark, warm, moist All bacteria needs water to survive. This is why a client’s dressings must be kept dry. The human body provides the perfect temperature for bacteria to quickly multiply. Most types of bacteria prefer darkness, because the sun’s UV light can destroy it.

Question 46

If abuse is suspected within a facility _____________. A. Corrective action is taken against the reporter if the claim is found false. B. Only serious claims of abuse must be reported and investigated. C. If two coworkers agree that there is no abuse, a report is not necessary. D. Incident must be reported immediately to the supervisor or administrator.

Answer 46

D. Incident must be reported immediately to the supervisor or administrator. All abuse or suspected abuse must be reported.

Question 47

Which of the following would affect a nurse aide’s status on the State Registry and possibly cost the nurse aid to be ineligible to work in a nursing home and may put your certification in jeopardy? A. Missing the annual mandatory infection control training. B. Failure to show for work without calling to tell the supervisor. C. Being charged of resident neglect in a legal court case. D. Termination from another facility for repeated tardiness.

Answer 47

C. Being charged of resident neglect in a legal court case. If the CNA has a neglect charge, their license will be revoked for at least a year.

Question 48

An example of neglect is when a nurse aidE _______________. A. Changes a wet resident prior to going on break. B. Leave the resident unattended in the bathtub. C. Reports of reddened area on the resident’s back. D. Promptly answers the resident’s call light

Answer 48

B. Leave the resident unattended in the bathtub. Neglect is considered mistreatment that results from lack of attention or carelessness.

Question 49

When caring for a resident whose religion is different from your own, you should _______________. A. Accept and respect their religious beliefs. B. Ensure they follow all religious requirements. C. Religion plays no role in delivery of care. D. Try to convert the resident to your own religion.

Answer 49

A. Accept and respect their religious beliefs. Cultural diversity includes acceptance and respect of other religions and their practices.

Question 50

When you are caring for an elderly resident who has dentures, but seldom wears them, what should you do? A. Force the resident to wear the dentures. B. Offer to bring in some denture adhesive. C. Call the resident’s dentist. D. Ask him why he doesn’t wear his dentures.

Answer 50

D. Ask him why he doesn’t wear his dentures. A resident has the right to choose, including whether or not to wear their dentures.

Question 51

Patients can suddenly become combative and hit a nurse aid. If this happens, you should _______________. A. Immediately leave the patient and call for security B. Ask the nurse to call the doctor to get an order for restraints. C. Contact the family members to control the situation situation. D. Back away from the patient and talk to them with a calm voice.

Answer 51

D. Back away from the patient and talk to them with a calm voice.

Question 52

What are your legal and ethical responsibilities if you have access to medical records? A. To write everything down accurately. B. To share information with anyone who asks. C. To keep all information confidential. D. To only tell the family about a patient.

Answer 52

C. To keep all information confidential. HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Privacy Act) Is the federal law that protects a resident’s privacy.

Question 53

You observe a co-worker tying a resident to their wheelchair. What type of abuse is this? A. Verbal. B. Psychological. C. Physical. D. Coercion.

Answer 53

C. Physical. Physical abuse involves restricting movement of a resident.

Question 54

A 22-year-old with terminal brain cancer tells you that she has an Advanced Directive for her end of life care. You know this can mean any of the following EXCEPT _______________. A. She can designate who can make her medical decisions. B. Her family can direct the staff to keep her alive. C. Her Living Will can indicate her wishes. D. She can choose to be a DNR patient.

Answer 54

B. Her family can direct the staff to keep her alive.

Question 55

It is OK to call a resident by a nickname if _______________. A. The family uses that name. B. Everyone else calls them that. C. The resident requests it. D. The nickname is appropriate.

Answer 55

C. The resident requests it.

Question 56

The nurse aid is administering a bed bath when all of a sudden they hear a scream coming from the next room. What should the nurse aid do? A. Shout for help from the nurses nearby and continue the bath. B. Focus on the patient and ignore anything else. C. Finish the bed bath before checking on what happened. D. Secure the safety of the patient first before leaving the room.

Answer 56

D. Secure the safety of the patient first before leaving the room.

Question 57

The intentional attempt or threat to touch a person’s body without the person’s consent is ______________. A. Assault. B. Battery. C. Slander. D. Defamation.

Answer 57

A. Assault.

Question 58

A standard of care is a way of ensuring that patients always are cared for by professionals who are everything EXCEPT _______________. A. Trained B. Fast C. Safe D. Competent

Answer 58

D. Competent You should be properly trained for the tasks of your job. If you are not, then you can refuse to do a task until you are trained. This ensures that patients always receive the highest quality of care.

Question 59

While you were at lunch with other nurse aids, they start to discuss how rude a resident was behaving. What should you do? A. Be quiet and do not say anything to the other nurse aides. B. Tell them that this is not the place to discuss the client. C. return to the unit after lunch and tell the client what was said. D. Join in the conversation so they know the truth.

Answer 59

B. Tell them that this is not the place to discuss the client. This is a violation of HIPAA. There are severe penalties for sharing information, even if it is unintentional.

Question 60

Ms. Fleming, a resident who has recently been diagnosed with terminal pancreatic cancer, has accused the nursing assistants in her unit of taking poor care of her and causing her disease to get worse. What stage of grief is miss Fleming in? A. Anger B. Denial C. Bargaining D. Depression

Answer 60

A. Anger In the five stages of grief and dying, anger is the only stage that everyone goes through. If her resident becomes angry, understand why.

Question 61

After the death of a loved one, how long should a client grieve? A. One year. B. It depends on who passed away. C. There is no timeframe. D. About 6 to 9 months.

Answer 61

C. There is no timeframe. Each person‘s grief is different and personal.

Question 62

Which question is best for getting a client engaged in a conversation? A. “Would you like some cake and ice cream?” B. “Can I help you with that?” C. “What did you like best about your career?” D. “Is it true that you were born in London?”

Answer 62

C. “What did you like best about your career?” Avoid using close-ended questions that can be answered with a “yes” or “no” when trying to engage a client. Use open-ended questions to get answers that requires some thought.

Question 63

Depression is a common mental disorder. Which symptom is often associated with it? A. Sad or hopeless feelings. B. Laughing hysterically. C. Having extra energy. D. Tearfulness.

Answer 63

A. Sad or hopeless feelings.

Question 64

Treatment for mental disorders can include ______________. A. Support groups. B. Psychotherapy. C. Medication. D. All of the above.

Answer 64

D. All of the above. Patience with mental disorders have many treatment options. No single treatment works for everyone, so patients work with their doctors to find the best combination.

Question 65

Mr. Tyler states that he wants to commit suicide. What should the CNA do? A. Stay and talk with him and call for help. B. Tell him things are not as bad as they seem. C. Ignore his statement and ask if he wants a snack. D. Call his family and ask them to deal with him.

Answer 65

A. Stay and talk with him and call for help. Do not dismiss a threat of suicide. Stay with the person and get help.

Question 66

The doctor has told a resident that his cancer is growing, and there are no more treatment options. When the resident tells the nurse aid that there is a mistake, the nurse aide should _______________. A. Remind the resident the doctor would not lie. B. Understand that denial is a normal reaction. C. As gently if the resident is afraid of dying soon. D. Suggest the resident get another doctor and more tests.

Answer 66

B. Understand that denial is a normal reaction.

Question 67

Which statement is true about residents who are restrained? A. They have improved posture and alignment. B. They are at risk of developing pneumonia. C. They are a greater risk for developing pressure sores. D. They are not at risk for falling out of their beds or wheelchairs.

Answer 67

C. They are a greater risk for developing pressure sores. Restraints can lead to serious safety and medical issues, even when properly applied. Restraints may never be applied without a physician’s order.

Question 68

An aide puts a resident in a reclining position in a geri-chair, so he cannot stand up while the aid takes care of other residents. This is a violation of the residence right to _______________. A. Participate in his own care. B. Refused treatment. C. Be free from restraints. D. Privacy.

Answer 68

C. Be free from restraints. One of the basic rights of a resident is to be free from restraints.

Question 69

A resident refuses lunch, but about two hours later decides she would like a snack. What is the nurse aide’s best response? A. “Sure. Let me just check your diet and then I’ll bring something to you.” B. “The kitchen is cleaning up now and doesn’t have time to make anything.” C. “Do you think you can wait a few more hours? Dinner will be ready then.” D. “Resident’s are not allowed to eat between meals. Besides, you had your chance.”

Answer 69

A. “Sure. Let me just check your diet and then I’ll bring something to you.” Residents have the right to make decisions regarding their schedule, including when to eat meals.

Question 70

Edee begins to fall as you are ambulating her. The first thing you do is ______________. A. Call for help. B. Lower her to the floor. C. Try to hold her up. D. Take her back to her room.

Answer 70

B. Lower her to the floor. If a patient begins to fall while walking or standing, do not try to catch them or prevent the fall. Control the fall by easing them to the floor.

Question 71

When applying anti-embolism hose (TED), it is important to remember that the _______________. A. Hose should be very loose fitting. B. Hose should be laundered in bleach. C. Hose must fit snuggly, without wrinkles. D. Toe and heel are interchangeable.

Answer 71

C. Hose must fit snuggly, without wrinkles. Compression stockings or anti-embolism hose prevent blood clots and swelling.

Question 72

When cleaning a male’s genital area during perineal care, the nurse aide should _______________. A. Clean the rectal area first, before washing the gentle area. B. Replace the foreskin when pushed back to wash an uncircumcised penis. C. Clean the penis with a circular motion starting from the base and moving towards the tip. D. Finished by washing the upper thighs and inguinal area.

Answer 72

B. Replace the foreskin when pushed back to wash an uncircumcised penis. The penis is washed first, starting at the tip.

Question 73

To give your residents complete privacy, you should ______________. A. Close the curtain around the bed if the resident has a roommate. B. Pull the curtain around the bed only if the resident asked you. C. Provide care with the room door open. D. Always close the curtain around the bed when you get care.

Answer 73

D. Always close the curtain around the bed when you get care. Privacy is a basic right for all residents.

Question 74

Oral hygiene ______________. A. Prevents mouth oder, decay, and infection. B. Isn’t appropriate for unconscious residents. C. Is only necessary once a day D. Should be done only when requested.

Answer 74

A. Prevents mouth oder, decay, and infection. The primary purpose of oral hygiene is to keep teeth, gums, and mouth healthy.

Question 75

When helping a client to eat, the first thing a CNA should do is ______________. A. Wash the client’s hands. B. Cut the food in the bite-size pieces. C. Make sure all food groups are present. D. Give the client some privacy.

Answer 75

A. Wash the client’s hands.

Question 76

A stroke patient with a paralyzed left arm may be able to feed himself if he uses ______________. A. A built up spoon. B. A plate guard. C. Added-weight flatware. D. All of the above.

Answer 76

D. All of the above. This is called adaptive equipment.

Question 77

Urinary incontinence is a predisposing factor to ______________. A. Dehydration. B. Congestive heart failure. C. Pressure sores. D. Urinary Tract infections.

Answer 77

C. Pressure sores. Exposure to feces and urine is one of the most common causes for skin irritation and breakdown.

Question 78

Why do residents with Parkinson’s disease require assistance when walking? A. They are confused and forget how to take steps. B. They have a shuffling gait and tremors. C. They have limited peripheral vision. D. They have an attention deficit and safety issues.

Answer 78

B. They have a shuffling gait and tremors. Parkinson’s disease is a neuromuscular disorder that gets worse overtime. They develop tremors and walk slowly.

Question 79

You are making an occupied bed. To remove the bottom linens, you should _______________. A. Remove them when the resident gets out of bed. B. Tuck the bottom linens under the resident. C. Raise the resident off the bed with a mechanical lift. D. Roll the linens up from the bottom of the bed.

Answer 79

B. Tuck the bottom linens under the resident.

Question 80

When feeding a resident, frequent coughing can be a sign the resident is _____________. A. Needs to drink more fluid. B. Having difficulty swallowing. C. Getting full. D. Choking.

Answer 80

B. Having difficulty swallowing. If a resident is coughing frequently when eating, reported to the nurse. It could be a sign of a swallowing disorder called dysphagia.

Question 81

When a patient is receiving nasogastric (NG) tube feeding, what should the nursing assistant do? A. Report any signs of choking or vomiting immediately. B. Keep the head of the bed flat. C. Provide no mouth care until it is removed. D. All of the above.

Answer 81

A. Report any signs of choking or vomiting immediately.

Question 82

The patient who has suffered from a stroke usually ______________. A. Speaks clearly. B. Recovers completely in a few few days. C. Is able to do their own care. D. Has one-sided paralysis.

Answer 82

D. Has one-sided paralysis. Following a stroke, paralysis occurs on the side of the body opposite the side of the brain where the stroke happened.

Question 83

Vomiting can be dangerous because of the possibility of ______________. A. Infarct B. Hypertension. C. Stroke. D. Aspiration.

Answer 83

D. Aspiration.

Question 84

Which sudden sign can indicate a stroke? A. Dizziness. B. Slurred speech. C. Seizures. D. Headache.

Answer 84

B. Slurred speech.

Question 85

When evacuating patients during a fire, you should never use the _______________. A. Stairwell. B. Elevator. C. Windows. D. Hallways.

Answer 85

B. Elevator. Never use an elevator when there is a fire.

Question 86

If a diabetic resident develops symptoms of increased thirst and urination, blurred vision, weakness, and a fruity-smelling breath, what should the CNA do? A. Report the incident at the end of the shift. B. Wait for 15 minutes and recheck the resident. C. Offer the resident orange juice. D. Report it immediately to the nurse.

Answer 86

D. Report it immediately to the nurse. When a resident with diabetes exhibit, signs and symptoms of high blood sugar, do not give additional sugar, such as orange juice. Notify the nurse immediately.

Question 87

You must be especially careful about fire if the resident is receiving ________________. A. Intravenous fluids. B. Sleeping medications. C. Oxygen. D. Heat treatments.

Answer 87

C. Oxygen. Oxygen can make fires worse.

Question 88

If a resident is vomiting in bed, positioned them immediately in the ______________. A. Supine position. B. Sitting position. C. Lateral position. D. Prone position.

Answer 88

B. Sitting position. Sitting is the best way to prevent aspiration.

Question 89

Mr. Francis complains of pain in the left chest area. The first thing you do is ______________. A. Tell the nurse. B. Call 911. C. notify the doctor D. Administer nitroglycerin.

Answer 89

A. Tell the nurse. As a CNA, you may be the first healthcare professional to observe or hear a patient’s complaint. Always reported immediately to the nurse.

Question 90

A resident who is resting in bed suddenly complains of shortness of breath. What should you do? A. Raise the resident’s feet. B. Tell the resident to take deep breaths. C. Elevate the head of the bed. D. Monitor the resident vital signs.

Answer 90

C. Elevate the head of the bed. When a client is having difficulty breathing, Fowler’s position can provide relief.

Question 91

Paralysis on one side of the body is called ______________. A. Hemiplegia B. Tetraplegia. C. Paraplegia. D. Quadriplegia.

Answer 91

A. Hemiplegia A client with hemiplegia has paralysis on one side of the body.

Question 92

A patient with a persistent blood pressure measurement above 140/90 has _______________. A. Hyperglycemia. B. Hypertension. C. Hypoglycemia. D. Hypotension.

Answer 92

B. Hypertension.

Question 93

When taking a blood pressure, you should do all of the following EXCEPT _____________. A. Turn off the television and radio. B. Apply the cuff to a bare upper arm. C. Locate the brachial artery. D. Take the blood pressure in the arm with an IV.

Answer 93

D. Take the blood pressure in the arm with an IV. Blood pressure should never be taken in an arm with an IV.

Question 94

The goal of the healthcare team is to _______________. A. Obtain reimbursement. B. Assign tasks and responsibilities. C. Provide quality care. D. Provide case management.

Answer 94

C. Provide quality care.

Question 95

Which is the most accurate way to measure a resident’s temperature? A. Axiliary. B. Oral. C. Rectal. D. Ear

Answer 95

C. Rectal. Rectal temperature is the most accurate.

Question 96

Mrs. Harvey complains of abdominal discomfort. Watery stool has been leaking from her rectum. This could be a sign of _______________. A. Constipation. B. Diarrhea. C. Fecal impaction. D. Bowel incontinence.

Answer 96

C. Fecal impaction. Fecal impaction can be serious.

Question 97

What is the definition of aphasia? A. The ability to remember recent events. B. The ability to understand and interpret words. C. The loss of long-term memory. D. The inability to understand oral language or speak.

Answer 97

D. The inability to understand oral language or speak. Aphasia occurs after a stroke or injury to the part of the brain that controls the language.

Question 98

You are instructed to strain Murphy’s urine. You know that straining the urine is done to find _______________. A. Stones. B. Urgency. C. Nocturia. D. Hematuria.

Answer 98

A. Stones. Kidney stones can be passed with urine.

Question 99

Hypothermia is a ______________. A. Moist cold application. B. Bluish discoloration of the skin. C. Very high body temperature D. Very low body temperature.

Answer 99

D. Very low body temperature. The prefix “hypo” always indicates that something is below normal.

Question 100

Which of the following measurements you obtained from Mrs. Shumway should be reported immediately to the charge nurse? A. Respiration 20 B. Pulse 74. C. B/P 190/114 D. Temperature 99F

Answer 100

C. B/P 190/114 Hypertension is defined as a blood pressure over 140/90.

Question 101

The brain is part of the ______________. A. Endocrine system. B. Exocrine system. C. Nervous system. D. Psychomotor system.

Answer 101

C. Nervous system.

Question 102

In a report, the nurse aid is told that one of her patients has been ordered NPO after midnight. The aide should? A. Take away the water pitcher at midnight. B. Note all water the patient drinks and all output. C. Offer frequent snacks. D. Ask the patient if he is having any pain.

Answer 102

A. Take away the water pitcher at midnight. NPO is a common medical term that means the client cannot eat or drink anything.

Question 103

The circulatory system consists of the _______________. A. Heart, arteries, veins and capillaries. B. Blood vessels, arteries, veins, and capillaries. C. Blood vessels, lymph nodes, spleen. D. Heart, aorta, pulmonary vessels, lungs.

Answer 103

A. Heart, arteries, veins and capillaries.

Question 104

A patient appears more pale than usual. The nurse aid should _______________. A. Get the patient a snack. B. Ask the patient how he feels and take his vital signs immediately. C. Offer a glass of water. D. Note it on the chart.

Answer 104

B. Ask the patient how he feels and take his vital signs immediately. Whenever noticing any change in the client’s condition, stop to assess the client and take vital signs.

Question 105

Mrs. Shumway has an order for I&O. You have picked up her breakfast and note she drank half of a 6 ounce glass of juice, 4 ounces of milk, and 8 ounces of coffee, you document _______________. A. 450 cc B. 240 cc C. 920 cc D. 685 cc

Answer 105

A. 450 cc Remember that 1 oz. = 30 cc. Also, 1 cc = 1 ml.

Question 106

The opening of the colostomy to the outside of the body is called the _____________. A. Stoma. B. Insertion site. C. Appliance. D. Meatus

Answer 106

A. Stoma A stoma is an artificial opening in the body, done during surgery.

Question 107

The most common signs and symptoms of UTI are _______________. A. Aphasia, hemiplegia, seizures B. Tremors, pale skin, pharyngitis. C. Dysuria, dysphagia, hemiplegia D. Dysuria, hematuria, urinary frequency.

Answer 107

D. Dysuria, hematuria, urinary frequency. Dysuria is painful urination. Hematuria is blood in the urine.

Question 108

The medical term for heart attack is _______________. A. Myocoronary infarction. B. Myocardial infarction. C. Angina pectoris. D. Cerebrovascular accident.

Answer 108

B. Myocardial infarction.

Question 109

The most common signs and symptoms for a heart attack are ______________. A. Radiating chest pain, shortness of breath, dysphagia. B. Radiating chest pain, shortness of breath, dystocia. C. Radiating chest pain, shortness of breath, dysuria. D. Radiating chest pain, shortness of breath, diaphoresis.

Answer 109

D. Radiating chest pain, shortness of breath, diaphoresis. Diaphoresis is cold sweats.

Question 110

Common changes that take place with aging include _______________. A. Increased saliva production, decreased hearing acuity, decreased visual acuity. B. Decreased saliva production, decreased visual acuity, increased hearing acuity. C. Decreased saliva production, decreased visual acuity, decreased hearing acuity. D. Increased saliva production, decreased hearing acuity, increased visual acuity.

Answer 110

C. Decreased saliva production, decreased visual acuity, decreased hearing acuity.

Question 111

Common signs and symptoms of a stroke include _______________. A. Sudden onset weakness, usually on one side or the other, difficulty with speech, facial droop. B. Facial droop, difficulty with speech, shortness of breath, weakness on one side or the other. C. Headache, chest pain, weakness on one side or the other, aphasia, facial droop. D. Confusion, aphasia, shortness of breath, facial droop.

Answer 111

A. Sudden onset weakness, usually on one side or the other, difficulty with speech, facial droop.

Question 112

The purpose of coughing and deep breathing exercise is to prevent _______________. A. Pneumonia. B. Blood clots. C. Pain. C. COPD.

Answer 112

A. Pneumonia

Question 113

Dementia is _______________. A. Temporary and curable. B. A normal part of aging. C. The result of mental illness. D. A result of physiological changes in the brain.

Answer 113

D. A result of physiological changes in the brain.

Question 114

A change in mental status in a person with a tracheostomy suggests _______________. A. Something is wrong with the tube. B. The patient needs suctioning. C. The patient is having shortness of breath. D. The patient is not getting enough oxygen.

Answer 114

D. The patient is not getting enough oxygen.

Question 115

Which one of these behaviors is NOT a sign of possible combativeness? A. Clenched mouth and teeth. B. Fists in a ball. C. Rapid eye movement. D. Saying “I am angry.”

Answer 115

D. Saying “I am angry.” Non-verbal signs can tell you more about a person’s mood than their words.

Question 116

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used to _______________. A. Discourage visitors from lengthy stays. B. Minimize the need for handwashing. C. Eliminate all infections in patients. D. Reduce exposure for healthcare workers.

Answer 116

D. Reduce exposure for healthcare workers.

Question 117

Infection control practices that prevent the transmission of disease are called _______________. A. Isolation protocols B. Standard precautions. C. Hand hygiene mandates. D. Policies and procedures.

Answer 117

B. Standard precautions.

Question 118

If a resident refuses a bed bath, which is the best response? A. “Why don’t you think about it? I’ll check back with you later.” B. “Sorry, but our policy is that everyone gets a daily bath.” C. “I really think you need to be cleaned up. You smell bad.” D. “Whatever. This gives me more time to help someone else.”

Answer 118

A. “Why don’t you think about it? I’ll check back with you later.” Every resident has the right to make decisions regarding their care, including refusing care or treatment.

Question 119

In giving care according to the Resident’s Bill of Rights, the nurse aide SHOUD _______________. A. prevent the resident from complaining about care. B. Open the resident’s mail without permission. C. Provide privacy during the resident’s personal care. D. Use the resident’s personal possessions for someone else.

Answer 119

C. Provide privacy during the resident’s personal care.

Question 120

Which of the following is a right that is included in the Resident’s bill of rights? A. To have staff available who speak different languages on each shift. B. To have payment plan options that are based on financial need. C. To make decisions and participate in their own care. D. To have daily religious services offered at the facility.

Answer 120

C. To make decisions and participate in their own care.

Question 121

Your client has a fractured hip. The best way to turn the client is to ______________. A. Roll him toward the affected side. B. Never use an abduction pillow. C. Check with the nurse for the doctor’s orders and restrictions. D. Cross the legs and roll.

Answer 121

C. Check with the nurse for the doctor’s orders and restrictions.

Question 122

Mr. Jones needs to be transferred from his bed to his wheelchair. What action must the nurse aid take? A. Lock the wheelchair after the transfer. B. Locking the wheelchair is not necessary. C. Lock the wheelchair before the transfer. D. Lock the wheelchair during the transfer.

Answer 122

C. Lock the wheelchair before the transfer. When transferring a patient to a wheelchair, the wheelchair and the bed must both be locked before starting.

Question 123

Your patient is on bedrest. You can help prevent development of contractures by ________________. A. Using supportive devices. B. Positioning in good body alignment. C. Performing range of motion exercises. D. All of the above.

Answer 123

D. All of the above

Question 124

Factors that increase a resident’s risk of falling include _______________. A. Sensory problems. B. Medication use. C. Muscle weakness. D. All of the above.

Answer 124

D. All of the above.

Question 125

While making rounds at 4 AM, the nurse aid finds one of the residents unconscious on the floor. What should the nurse aid do first? A. Notify the family. B. Take respiration and pulse. C. Initiate CPR. D. Call the paramedics.

Answer 125

B. Take respiration and pulse. When a patient becomes unconscious, call for help, and then quickly check to see if they are breathing and have a pulse.

Question 126

What basic need is most essential? A. Self-esteem. B. Safety and security. C. Love and belonging. D. Self actualization.

Answer 126

B. Safety and security.

Question 127

Which is INCORRECT when recording on a patient’s chart? A. Use a pencil in case you make a mistake. B. Record in a logical manner. C. Record only what you observe and did yourself. D. Handwriting must be legible.

Answer 127

A. Use a pencil in case you make a mistake All documentation must be done in permanent ink.

Question 128

Besides hearing, what other function does the ear have? A. It coordinates involuntary muscles. B. It regulates body temperature. C. It controls balance and equilibrium. D. It improves the sense of smell.

Answer 128

C. It controls balance and equilibrium. The inner ear is responsible for helping maintain balance.

Question 129

Intake and Output deals with _______________. A. Mashed or puréed foods. B. Solid foods. C. Liquids. D. All of the above.

Answer 129

C. Liquids Intake an output measure the fluid balance in the body.

Question 130

Which vegetable is not allowed on a low sodium diet? A. Carrots. B. Lettuce. C. Sauerkraut. D. Broccoli.

Answer 130

C. Sauerkraut. Any food that is fermented, such as sauerkraut, has a high sodium level.

Question 131

What does afebrile mean? A. Sudden fever. B. No fever. C. High fever. D. Low fever.

Answer 131

B. No fever A medical term that begins with “A” or “An” means the absence of.

Question 132

The preferred way to remove a bedpan from a client who is unable to lift their buttocks is ______________. A. Slowly slide the pan out from under the client. B. Have another person lift the client. C. Turn the patient on their side while holding the pan D. Use a mechanical lifting device.

Answer 132

C. Turn the patient on their side while holding the pan

Question 133

Lucy just smoked a cigarette. How long should you wait to take her oral temperature? A. No wait is necessary. B. 15-20 minutes C. 10 minutes. D. Five minutes.

Answer 133

B. 15-20 minutes Before taking an oral temperature, determine if the client has smoked, or had anything hot or cold to drink in the last 15 minutes.

Question 134

If your patient is in traction you should NOT ______________. A. Change the position of the weight. B. Report weights that are on the floor. C. Give a total bed bath. D. Monitor the patient’s vital signs.

Answer 134

A. Change the position of the weight.