Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

cna final > cna final > Flashcards

cna final Flashcards

1
Q

What is tuberculosis and how does it spread:

A

A disease that affects the lungs and is spread through droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does Covid spread?

A

Covid is airborne, and can also be spread through droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sycope

A

Medical word for fainting or passing out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Epistaxis

A

Medical word for a bloody nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Perseveration

A

Often a symptom of dementia, it is the inappropriate and constant repetition of an act or phrase.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Orthotic

A

A brace or splint used to support the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are social determinants of health?

A

The 5 conditions in the environment where people live, work, and play that influence their quality of life
1. Economic stability (people can afford housing and food)
2. Access to education
3. Access to healthcare
4. Safe neighborhoods
5. A social community with friends

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do you do ifyou suspect one of your patients doesn’t have one of the 5 sociat determinads of health?

A

Let the nurse know

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does combative mean?

A

This refers to a patient who is angry and won’t cooperate
This is often a dementia patient and the term is used for someone who may lash out physically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is apnea?

A

In medical terminology, apnea literally means without breathing
Sleep apnea is a common medical condition when people stop breathing temporarily in their sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When you are taking a blood pressure and hear the systolic immediately, what is the problem?

A

The blood pressure is high, and you didn’t inflate the cuff high enough
Wait two minutes and retake it, pumping the cuff up higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is adaptive equipment?

A

Any tool or device used to help with ADLs
Like - a spoon that straps to the patient’s hand so they don’t have to hold it, or something that helps you pick up an object from the floor when you can’t bend down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Range of motion rules are:

A

Stop if there is resistance or the person complains of pain
Follow the care plan - usually 3 to 5 repetitions
Support the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the armpit temperature called?

A

Axillary (NOT auxiliary), and it usually runs one degree lower than an oral temperature Auxiliary is a real word with a different definition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Shaving guidelines:

A

Shave with the hair growth - down on the face and up on the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is important to know about cold packs?

A

Used to decrease pain and prevent swelling, they should be applied with a barrier between the cold pack and the skin, checked after 5 minutes, and removed after 20 minutes They can cause an injury similar to a burn if they are left on too long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a sharps container for?

A

To dispose of anything that might be sharp - like needles, razors, or lab tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is c-diff?

A

Clostridium difficile - an intestinal infection that causes severe diarrhea and is very contagious
C-diff requires contact precautions and is immune to hand sanitizer so actual handwashing is necessary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is misappropriation?

A

Taking something that isn’t yours, usually from work, like bringing home a box of gloves or charging a personal
item on the company credit card

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Who is affected by a resident dying?

A

Everyone involved - including the staff, there is counseling help available if staff members need it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do you care for a dying patient?

A

Take care of their physical needs - turn and do oral care every 2 hours, give a bed bath as needed
If they stop breathing get the nurse, she will verify that there isn’t a heartbeat and notify the appropriate people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a draw sheet?

A

A flat sheet that goes across the middle of the bed, also called a lift sheet and a turn sheet, depending on what it is being used for

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is delegation?

A

Authorizing someone else to do a task on your behalf, the nurse delegates direct patient care to the CNA The 5 rights of delegation are: the right person, right task, right circumstance, right direction, and right supervision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is sexual harassment?

A

Unwelcome sexual advances or remarks, should be reported to a supervisor or human resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How do you help with a bedpan?

A

Position a bedpan with the thinner edge at the person’s back, sit the person up (Fowler’s), give them the call light and provide privacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the type of bedpan called that is used for a patient who has had hip surgery?

A

Fracture pan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is a low sodium diet?

A

Also called NAS (no added salt), the person on this diet should eat foods low in salt and cannot add any additional salt to their food, this diet is usually used for people with high blood pressure or kidney disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What does the affected side mean?

A

Another way to describe the weak side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

If a patient wants to leave the facility against medical advice (A MA), What does that mean and what do you do?

A

if They want to leave without being discharged and agdinst the wishes of their doctor - you should tell the nurse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does disoriented mean?

A

Associated with confusion, a person who is disoriented may not know the date or time, where they are, or even
who they are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is a bowel program?

A

Also called bowel training, the purpose is to help an incontinent patient regain control of their bowel function by providing BRP or a commode at regularly scheduled times, often the same times they are generally incontinent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What does alignment mean?

A

Keeping the body straight or having good posture, both the resident in bed and the CNA working need to have good body alignment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What does flexed or flexion mean?

A

When a joint is bent or when the angle of a joint is decreased, the opposite of extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is a developmental disability?

A

Having a physical or mental impairment (such as mental retardation, autism, cerebral palsy, or spina bifida) that becomes apparent shortly after birth or during childhood and delays, limits, or prevents the progression of
normal development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is battery?

A

Offensive touching or use of force on a person without their consent, it is usually classified as a misdemeanor and punishable by fines and or jail time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is flatus or flatulence?

A

This is the medical term for gas (farts), to help your patient having gas pains take them for a walk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is restorative care?

A

Another term for rehabilitation, which is helping a person return to his highest level of physical, emotional, or economic function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is a medical record?

A

A legal document where a patient’s information is kept and care is recorded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is a minimum data set?

A

A federal form filled out on nursing home residents about the degree of assistance or skilled care they need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Define restraint:

A

Anything that restricts a person’s freedom of movement, it can by physical or chemical (a medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Define unbecoming:

A

Inappropriate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is normal growth and development for an infant?

A

Infancy is from birth to 1 year. Infants learn to smile, laugh, and say simple words
They progress from drinking milk to eating solids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is normal growth and development for a toddler?

A

Toddlerhood is from age 1 to age 3, toddlers become physically coordinated, able to run and jump
They become toilet trained and have a vocabulary that can express emotions
They are self-centered, have trouble following rules, and have separation anxiety when separated from a parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is normal growth and development for a preschooler?

A

Preschool is from age 3 to 5, preschoolers dress themselves, have a good imagination, and ask questions They begin to notice the difference between genders and understand the difference between right and wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What is normal growth and development a school age child?

A

School age is from 5 to 12 years and is characterized by growth spurts, developing gender identity, and wanting approval from peers and adults. He or she will develop morals, logical thinking, and the ability to understand other people’s perspectives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What should you do if you discover a coworker stealing from a resident?

A

This is financial abuse, treat the same as any abuse and report it to your supervisor and Adult Protective Services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is palliative care?

A

Care with a goal of relieving pain, symptoms, and emotional and physical stress but not curing disease
It is often part of hospice care, but can be found in other places as well.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is included in vital signs?

A

Temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is the normal range for a blood pressure?

A

90-140 over 60-90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What do you do if a vital sign is out of range?

A

Repeat it and then report it to the nurse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Give examples of acute diseases or conditions:

A

Broken bones, the flu or a cold, heart attack, chicken pox, appendicitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is foot drop?

A

When the foot droops or bends abnormally from injury or atrophy
Treatment includes keeping the foot in proper alignment by using a board (foot board) for the feet to rest against, or using a brace designed to prevent it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What is a common symptom of congestive heart failure?

A

Edema (swelling) in the feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

How should you use a gait belt?

A

Apply it over clothes and hold onto it with an underhand grip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What GI condition can result in stomach pain and the leaking of small amounts of thin watery stool?

A

Fecal impaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

To clean a stoma:

A

Wipe the stoma gently - it will look red and bleed easily but will not hurt
Clean the skin around the stoma with mild soap and water
Make sure ostomy appliances fits closely around the stoma to protect the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What is validation therapy?

A

useful for residents with dementia, it is communicating that the resident’s opinions and feelings are acknowledged, respected, and heard regardless of whether or not the listener agrees
This might include letting the resident tell you about their past, or about their current perception of reality even if it isn’t actually what is real
Ask them questions that allow them to tell you about their reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What is it called if you touch a patient without their consent, or against their wishes?

A

Physical abuse, could also be battery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Oxygenated blood is carried by?

A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What is the job of the respiratory system?

A

To supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Oxygen is:

A

A life sustaining treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

When your patient is on oxygen you should:

A

not let them smoke, observe their ears and cheeks for signs of irritation or pressure from the nasal cannula, check the flow rate and let the nurse know if it’s wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

How is hepatitis A transmitted?

A

Hepatitis is fecal-oral transmission, for example - from the unwashed hands of a food preparation worker

64
Q

If the oxygen is supplied by a tank (not a concentrator) you should:

A

Make sure the tank has enough oxygen in it and is positioned securely so it won’t tip over

65
Q

What is the most common form of dementia?

A

Alzheimer’s

66
Q

What are common symptoms of dementia?

A

Short term memory loss, pacing wandering, sundowning

67
Q

When brushing out tangled hair, where should you start?

A

At the ends, or tips, of the hair

68
Q

Is pain subjective or objective?

A

Subjective, and it should always be reported to, the nurse
Pain is unique to each person - their interpretation and experience of it are to be believed

69
Q

What is the best position for a resident at mealtime, and how should you be positioned?

A

The resident should be seated upright in a comfortable position, you should be at eye level

70
Q

If someone appears to be choking and they are coughing, what should you do?

A

Encourage them to continue coughing

71
Q

When your Parkinson’s patient, who is very shaky, wants to smoke what is your responsibility?

A

Take them out but stay with them

72
Q

What body system is affected by Parkinson’s?

A

The nervous system

73
Q

What are symptoms of anemia (low red blood count)?

A

Dizziness, fatigue, pale skin

74
Q

Parkinson’s is considered

A

A progressive disease, which means medications may slow it down, but there is no cure

75
Q

What is defamation)

A

Slander, communicating a false statement that implies a negative image about a person or business

76
Q

What is an interdisciplinary team?

A

A group of healthcare providers from many disciplines (dr, nurse, dietician, therapists, etc,) who work together to
ensure the patient’s needs are being met

77
Q

What is the competency evaluation?

A

The tests you take to become certified as a CNA, it includes the written test that needs to be passed at 75% and the skills test that is pass or fail

78
Q

How long do you have to take it after you complete your CNA course?

A

It must be taken within 1 year

79
Q

After feeding a patient who is on aspiration precautions, or after a tube feeding has been given you should

A

Keep the head of the bed up 30 to 45 degrees, even if the patient doesn’t want their head up

80
Q

Communicable or contagious means

A

A disease can spread or be transmitted from one person to another

81
Q

If a resident has a contagious disease, should they have a roommate?

A

No, although residents with diseases that aren’t contagious frequently share a room

82
Q

Roommates who share a room should use their own personal care items
What information should a CNA obtain on a new admit?

A

All vital signs, and height and weight

83
Q

What is the proper process for using a walker?

A

The person should set the walker 10 to 18 inches in front of them, then step towardit

84
Q

Communicable or contagious means

A

A disease can spread or be transmitted from one person to another

85
Q

What should the average fluid output be for a healthy adult?

A

At least 1500 mls. Low urine output, called oliguria if less than 500mls/day, it should be reported to the nurse

86
Q

What is pvd?

A

Peripheral vascular disease, it is a chronic disease with poor circulation in the extremities Lower legs have edema, are cold and cyanotic with numbness and tingling

87
Q

What is COPD?

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, usually caused by smoking, causes the patient to be short of breath and require oxygen
Sitting with the head of the bed up helps breathing

88
Q

When taking a blood pressure, what should you consider when choosing which arm to use?

A

Never use an arm with an IV, cast, or if the patient has a shunt for dialysis Also never take a blood pressure on the same side as a mastectomy

89
Q

What is phantom pain?

A

Pain that the patient perceives in a body part that has been amputated

90
Q

What are complications of immobility?

A

Atrophy muscle shrinks), contractures muscle shortens, pneumonia, blood clots

91
Q

What is an artificial body part called?

A

A prosthesis or prosthetic

92
Q

What is the difference between a safety razor and a straight razor?

A

A straight razor is old fashioned - like a knife with a handle
A safety razor is like a disposable razor. The skin is protected from all but the edge of the blade.

93
Q

When is it appropriate to flirt with a patient or resident?

A

Never!

94
Q

How can the elderly prevent loss of bone and muscle strength?

A

Exercise, especially weight bearing

95
Q

What assistance can you give a resident with their mail?

A

Deliver mail to them, you can offer to help but don’t open it unless they want help

96
Q

What should you check when delivering a patient tray?

A

Check for the correct name and diet

97
Q

For liquid or fluid intake, what should you count?

A

Anything that is liquid at room temperature
Including - jello, ice cream, pudding, popsicles, etc.

98
Q

What is projection?

A

Blaming someone else for your own uncomfortable or unacceptable actions or feelings

99
Q

What is an ileostomy?

A

When the entire large colon is removed and the end of the small intestine is brought to the surface of the abdomen in a stoma
The stool produced is liquid, which makes this patient prone to dehydration

100
Q

What is a plate guard or plate rim?

A

A device that clips onto the edge of the plate, food can be scooped against the rim so it doesn’t fall off the edge of the plate

101
Q

What should you do if your resident has blood in their urine?

A

Report it to the nurse, if possible save it so she can see it

102
Q

How do you operate a fire extinguisher?

A

The acronym is PASS.
P- Pull the pin, A - Aim at the base of the fire, S- Squeeze the handle, S- Spray

103
Q

How should you document the valuables residents bring to the nursing home with them?

A

Describe them in general terms, without making assumptions
Use words like white or yellow metal, and blue or red stone and avoid words like silver, gold, diamond, etc.

104
Q

What is the most common injury for CNAs in the work place?

A

Back injury

105
Q

What is required before hot or cold treatments can be used?

A

A doctor’s order

106
Q

What should you do if a resident refuses a necessary treatment?

A

Report it to the nurse

107
Q

Are residents allowed to have personal items?

A

Yes - they should be labeled or marked with the residents name

108
Q

Who should be responsible to keep the facility clean?

A

Everyone on the healthcare team

109
Q

What is dialysis?

A

A process commonly used for patients in kidney failure, it cleans the blood

110
Q

What is an incident report?

A

A form that is filled out any time there is an accident or injury that tells the details of what happened
A CNA can fill it out or add comments to one filled out by the nurse

111
Q

If you have to evacuate the facility because of an emergency, how do you know what to do?

A

The facility has evacuation plans, usually found at the nurse’s station

112
Q

What is the CNAs responsibility if they are assisting in a procedure that involves a sterile field?

A

Never touch anything in the sterile field, also never reach across it

113
Q

What is a suffix and/or prefix?

A

A prefix always comes at the beginning of a word and usually indicates location, time, number, or status A suffix always comes at the end of a word and usually indicates the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease

114
Q

When should you wear gloves?

A

If it is warm, wet, and not yours

115
Q

If your patient asks questions about their disease

A

Direct their questions to the nurse

116
Q

What is a normal result of aging for the nervous system?

A

Slower reflexes and reaction time

117
Q

What happens when the urinary system ages?

A

Kidney function decreases, the person is at higher risk for urinary tract infections

118
Q

What are your body’s specific defense mechanisms?

A

Antibodies developed by having an illness or being immunized

119
Q

What are your body’s nonspecific defense mechanisms?

A

Intact skin, coughing or sneezing, tears, white blood cells

120
Q

When you transfer a resident from a bed to their chair, where should they put their hands?

A

They should push up from the bed if they are able, or place their hands on your arms

121
Q

If the resident has a weak side how should you transfer them?

A

Use a gait belt and do a pivot transfer, the resident pivots on their strong side

122
Q

Common symptoms of anxiety are

A

Hyperventilation, feeling dizzy, dry mouth, nausea, insomnia

123
Q

If you see something spilled in the hall, should you clean it up or wait for housekeeping?

A

Any safety hazard should be dealt with immediately, by the person who discovers it first

124
Q

What should you do if a feeding pump is beeping?

A

Tell the nurse, don’t ever silence it without saying something

125
Q

What causes varicose veins?

A

The veins in the legs lose elasticity and the valves become weak, allowing blood to pool in them

126
Q

What should you worry about if you are shaving a resident who is on oxygen?

A

Don’t use an electric razor
Never take off or turn off the oxygen unless you check with the nurse first, work around it

127
Q

What is an important thing to remember when caring for a blind resident?

A

Always introduce yourself and give your title when you enter their room

128
Q

What is a bedside commode?

A

A portable rolling toilet with a bucket that needs to be emptied and cleaned after use

129
Q

What is dyspnea?
l

A

Shortness of breath, painful or difficult breathing

130
Q

What is dysuria?

A

Painful urination

131
Q

What is the most likely cause of cloudy vision in the elderly?

A

Cataracts

132
Q

What is the best thing to do for an Alzheimer’s patient who likes to wander?

A

Provide a safe place for them to wander in or take them for a walk

133
Q

What is the best way to approach an Alzheimer’s or dementia patient?

A

Speak calmly, use their name and use simple words and simple directions, have a quiet environment and a consistent routine

134
Q

Where should you discard a used razor?

A

In the sharps container (also called a biohazard container)

135
Q

What is partial weight bearing?

A

The patient can put weight on their good leg, but should not put weight on their bad leg

136
Q

When using a tub for baths what should you remember?

A

Sanitize it between residents

137
Q

An Alzheimer’s patient doesn’t recognize her son. A good response would be:

A

Isn’t it nice your son is here to visit!

138
Q

What is rapport?

A

A close relationship where you understand each other’s ideas and feelings and communicate well

139
Q

If a patient is receiving anticoagulants (blood thinners) can you shave them?

A

Not with a blade, you should use an electric razor

140
Q

What body system is most affected by multiple sclerosis?

A

The nervous system, it causes increasing muscle weakness and fatigue
It also occurs more frequently in younger people

141
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

Excessive loss of bone tissue, leading to frequent bone fractures

142
Q

When was OBRA (Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act) passed?

A

1987

143
Q

If you are feeding a patient who has had a stroke, what should you be aware of?

A

The food should be placed in the unaffected side of their mouth (their good side)

144
Q

What are signs and symptoms of an MI?

A

Chest pain (angina pectoris) or pressure, sweating, shortness of breath, nausea or vomiting, arm, neck, or back pain

145
Q

What is the main cause of emphysema?

A

Smoking

146
Q

When should a sputum sample be collected?

A

First thing in the morning

147
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

The wave-like muscle movements that move food through the intestines

148
Q

What is a trochanter roll?

A

A pillow or rolled towel placed along the outside of the hip and upper leg of a patient in bed to keep their leg from turning out

149
Q

What is an in-house transfer?

A

Transferring a resident from one room to another in the same facility

150
Q

When you are walking a patient who has a Foley catheter, what should you do with the bag?

A

Keep it below the level of the bladder

151
Q

What are the levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, and which has to be met first?

A

Physical, safety and security, love and belonging, self-esteem, self-actualization

152
Q

What is another name for a soft diet?

A

Mechanical (short for mechanical soft), used for patients who have difficulty chewing, swallowing, or who have mouth pain

153
Q

What is the name of the membrane found in your nose and mouth?

A

Mucous membrane

154
Q

What is Huntington’s disease, also known as Huntington’s chorea

A

A hereditary disease that appears in midlife, it causes irreversible and progressive loss of muscle control (causing extreme body movements) and loss of mental abilities

155
Q

List the main signs and symptoms of diabetes:

A

Polvuria (increased urine), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger)

156
Q

What could it mean if a Foley bag has no urine in it after an entire shift?

A

Catheter has fallen out, kidney failure, catheter is kinked, the tubing is under the patient’s leg

cna final (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions