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CNA class > CNA > Flashcards

CNA Flashcards

1
Q

TID

A

Three times a day

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2
Q

ISOL

A

isolation

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3
Q

H A

A

hearing aid

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4
Q

TPR

A

Temperature, Pulse, Respirations

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5
Q

mL

A

milliliters

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6
Q

PRN

A

as needed

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7
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth

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8
Q

Normal pulse Range

A

60-100

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9
Q

normal respirations

A

12-20

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10
Q

Surgical asepsis

A

Object is free of all microorganisms (sterilization)

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11
Q

axillary

A

armpit

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12
Q

ROM

A

Range of Motion

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13
Q

1 CC is the same as…

A

1 mL

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14
Q

Radial

A

Wrist

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15
Q

Tympanic

A

Ear

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16
Q

c/o

A

complains of

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17
Q

IV

A

intravenous (within the vein)

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18
Q

HIPPA

A

protects the privacy of health information

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19
Q

How many CC’s in 1 oz.?

A

30

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20
Q

Contracture

A

permanent and painful shortening of the muscle

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21
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

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22
Q

palliative care

A

care that focuses on comfort and pain relief

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23
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid breathing

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24
Q

PPE

A

Personal Protective Equipment

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25
Q

Prosthesis

A

device that replaces a missing body part

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26
Q

Supine

A

flat on back

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27
Q

lateral

A

on the side

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28
Q

prone

A

on stomach

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29
Q

PROM

A

passive range of motion

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30
Q

QH

A

every hour

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31
Q

w/c

A

wheelchair

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32
Q

Indirect care closing

A

Tidy up, lower bed/ give call light, ensure comfort, wash hands and document

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33
Q

DNR

A

do not resuscitate

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34
Q

I&O

A

input and output

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35
Q

STAT

A

immediately

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36
Q

Amb

A

ambulation

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37
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

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38
Q

VS

A

vital signs

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39
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

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40
Q

meds

A

medications

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41
Q

inc

A

incontinent

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42
Q

DX

A

diagnosis

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43
Q

BID

A

twice a day

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44
Q

ADL’s

A

Activities of Daily living

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45
Q

health

A

a complete state of phys. mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease

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46
Q

wellness

A

successfully balancing things in everyday life

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47
Q

epidermis

A

top layer of your skin that is mostly dead cells

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48
Q

dermis

A

hair follicles and live cells

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49
Q

What is the largest organ in the body

A

the skin

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50
Q

What is the layer(s) of skin that is affected by a 1st degree (superficial) burn?

A

The epidermis (outer layer)

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51
Q

What is the layer(s) of skin that is affected by a 2nd degree (partial thickness) burn?

A

The Dermis (deeper layer)

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52
Q

What is the layer(s) of skin that is affected by 3rd degree (full thickness) burn?

A

Epidermis, dermis, and underlying tissue

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53
Q

What is another name for herpes zoster – a viral infection that causes a painful rash

A

The shingles

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54
Q

Open wound

A

where the skin isn’t intact

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55
Q

closed wound

A

internal bleeding or bruising but the skin is intact

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56
Q

Gangrene

A

Death of tissue

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57
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin

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58
Q

cellulitis

A

infection of the skin that occurs when bacteria move deeper into the tissue

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59
Q

Psoriasis

A

A chronic skin condition in which cells of the skin grow too fast, causing red, white, or, silver patches

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60
Q

pressure ulcers

A

sores or wounds that result from skin deterioration and shearing

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61
Q

Stage 1 pressure ulcer

A

just epidermis

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62
Q

Stage 2 pressure ulcer

A

shallow crater (epidermis and dermis)

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63
Q

stage 3 pressure ulcer

A

all the way to the muscle

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64
Q

stage 4 pressure ulcer

A

all the way to the bone

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65
Q

larynx

A

voice box

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66
Q

epiglottis

A

Acts like a lid, shutting off the larynx during swallowing

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67
Q

inspiration

A

inhale

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68
Q

expiration

A

exhale

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69
Q

respiration

A

the process of breathing in and out

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70
Q

What is the optimal BP

A

120/80

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71
Q

hypertension

A

140/90 high blood pressure

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72
Q

hypotension

A

90/60 low blood pressure

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73
Q

capillary exchange

A

oxygen and nutrients move from the blood to the tissues while fluid and waste products move from the tissues to the blood

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74
Q

angina Pectoris

A

chest pain, pressure, or discomfort due to coronary artery disease

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75
Q

stable angina

A

chest pain, pressure, or discomfort due to activity and severe stress

76
Q

unstable angina

A

chest pain, pressure, or discomfort while resting

77
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

78
Q

At what angle does a resident need to be to eat

A

90

79
Q

who can order restraints?

A

only a doctor

80
Q

restraint

A

a physical or chemical way to restrict voluntary movement or behavior

81
Q

respiratory arrest

A

breathing stops

82
Q

cardiac arrest

A

heart stops

83
Q

what causes shock?

A

when organs or tissues in the body don’t receive enough blood

84
Q

myocardial infarction (MI)

A

heart attack

85
Q

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

stroke

86
Q

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

A

a warning sign of a CVA

87
Q

AMA

A

against medical advice

88
Q

orthopnea

A

shortness of breath when lying down that is relieved by sitting up

89
Q

circadian rhythm

A

24 hr day/ night cycle

90
Q

open bed

A

one that is ready for the resident to sleep in

91
Q

closed bed

A

a bed that is made up for the day

92
Q

occupied bed

A

a bed that is occupied by a resident

93
Q

what is the musculoskeletal system made up of ?

A

muscles, bones, joints, tendons and ligaments

94
Q

atrophy

A

muscles waste away, decrease in size, and weaken

95
Q

osteoporosis

A

a condition in which bones lose density, which causes them to be brittle and easily broken

96
Q

shearing

A

rubbing or friction that results from the skin moving one way and the bone underneath it either remains still or moves in the opposite direction

97
Q

dangle

A

To sit on the side of the bed with your feet down

98
Q

hygiene

A

practices to keep the body clean

99
Q

what does the endocrine system do?

A

regulates many important body functions

100
Q

glands

A

organs that secrete or produce hormones

101
Q

What to do during the event of a fire

A

Rescue
Alert
Contain
Extinguish

102
Q

hormones

A

chemical substances created by the body that control body functions

103
Q

what is the pituitary gland also called

A

the master gland

104
Q

what is the function of the thyroid?

A

regulates metabolism and growth

105
Q

adrenal glands

A

sit on top of your kidneys and secrete adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline (norepinephrine), aldosterone, and cortisol

106
Q

aldosterone

A

regulates the balance of sodium, potassium, and water

107
Q

diabetes

A

a condition in which the pancreas either doesn’t produce enough insulin

108
Q

what’s the most common form of diabetes that can occur at any age?

A

type 2

109
Q

hypothyroidism

A

low thyroid hormones produced which causes the body processes to slow

110
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

high amounts of thyroid hormones are produced which causes body processes to speed up

111
Q

rehabilitation

A

to help the patient/resident reach a point where they can be the best that they can be

112
Q

orthotic devices

A

keep the joints in the correct position, improve function, and prevent complications (like contractures)

113
Q

Active ROM

A

ROM done by the resident themselves

114
Q

Active-assisted ROM

A

ROM done by resident with some help

115
Q

Passive ROM

A

ROM fully done by NA

116
Q

pronation

A

turn downward

117
Q

supination

A

turn upward

118
Q

abduction

A

moving away from the body

119
Q

adduction

A

moving toward the body

120
Q

extension

A

Straightening

121
Q

flexion

A

bending

122
Q

dorsiflexion

A

bending backward

123
Q

rotation

A

turning the joint

124
Q

opposition

A

touching the thumb to any finger

125
Q

nutrition

A

how the body uses food to maintain health

126
Q

malnutrition

A

the lack of proper nutrition that results from insufficient food intake or improper diet

127
Q

what is most essential for life

A

water

128
Q

vitamins

A

substances that are needed by the body to function

129
Q

restrict fluids (RF) order

A

the person is allowed to drink, but they are limited for the day as set by their doctor

130
Q

cells

A

the basic structural unit

131
Q

tissues are made up of…

A

groups of cells

132
Q

organs are made up of…

A

groups of tissues

133
Q

anatomy

A

the study of the body structure

134
Q

physiology

A

looks at how the body parts function

135
Q

peristalsis

A

muscular contractions that move food toward the stomach

136
Q

what is healthy stool look like?

A

brown in color, with the consistency being soft, moist, and formed

137
Q

bowel elimination

A

the physical process of releasing or emptying the colon or large intestine of stool or feces

138
Q

what position should the bed be in when a resident is using a bedpan?

A

the head of the bed should be raised

139
Q

what’s the best position for bowel elimination

A

squatting down and leaning forward

140
Q

portable or bedside commode

A

used for people who can get out of the bed but can’t walk to the bathroom

141
Q

specimen

A

a sample used for analysis and diagnosis

142
Q

occult

A

hidden

143
Q

micturition or voiding

A

urinating

144
Q

what does the nervous system do?

A

controls and coordinates all body functions

145
Q

central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

146
Q

neuron

A

the basic working unit of the nervous system

147
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

the nerves connected attached to the spinal cord

148
Q

which part of the brain controls the right side of the body

A

the left side of the brain

149
Q

which part of the brain controls the left side of the body

A

the right side of the brain

150
Q

iris

A

the colored part of the eye

151
Q

what does the nervous system do?

A

controls and coordinates all body functions

152
Q

ossicles

A

the bone in the middle of the ear that picks up the vibrations and sends impulses to the brain

153
Q

neuron

A

the basic working unit of the nervous system

154
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

the nerves connected attached to the spinal cord

155
Q

which part of the brain controls the right side of the body

A

the left side of the brain

156
Q

which part of the brain controls the left side of the body

A

the right side of the brain

157
Q

iris

A

the colored part of the eye

158
Q

pupil

A

the black part of the eye that constricts to allow the proper amount of light in the eye to see

159
Q

ossicles

A

the bone in the middle of the ear that picks up the vibrations and sends impulses to the brain

160
Q

clinical depression

A

type of mental illness that causes withdrawal, lack of energy, intense sadness, pain, fatigue, apathy, weight loss/gain, insomnia, irritability, and feelings of worthlessness

161
Q

progressive disease

A

the disease gets worse with time

162
Q

paraplegia

A

paralyzed from the waist down

163
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralyzed from the neck down

164
Q

cognition

A

ability to think clearly and logically

165
Q

dementia

A

serious loss of mental abilities

166
Q

validation therapy

A

letting residents believe that they live in the past or imaginary circumstances

167
Q

clinical depression

A

type of mental illness that causes withdrawal, lack of energy, intense sadness, pain, fatigue, apathy, weight loss/gain, insomnia, irritability, and feelings of worthlessness

168
Q

What is the function of the immune system

A

it protects the body from harmful substances and bacteria

169
Q

nonspecific immunity

A

present at birth– the first defense in your body

170
Q

specific immunity

A

acquired by the body– against specific antibodies

171
Q

lymphatic system

A

composed of the lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland

172
Q

a most common symptom of AIDS

A

flu-like symptoms

173
Q

malignant

A

cancerous (can spread)

174
Q

benign

A

non-cancerous

175
Q

metastasize

A

spreads to other areas of the body

176
Q

biopsy

A

removal of a sample of tissue for examination and diagnosis

177
Q

subacute setting

A

for people who need more care than a normal long term facility can provide

178
Q

Good Oxygen level

A

greater than 94%

179
Q

telemetry

A

the application of a cardiac monitoring device that transmits information about the heart’s rhythm and rate to computer screens

180
Q

nasogastric (NG) tube

A

inserted into the nose, down the back of the throat, through the esophagus and into the stomach

181
Q

palliative care

A

the goal is to control symptoms and manage pain

182
Q

hospice

A

less than six months to live

183
Q

List the 5 stages of Grief

A
  1. Denial
  2. Anger
  3. Bargaining
  4. Depression
  5. Acceptance
184
Q

List the 5 rights of a resident

A
  1. Visitors
  2. Privacy
  3. To be free from pain
  4. Honest and accurate information
  5. Refuse treatment
185
Q

What is the last sense to fade before death?

A

hearing

186
Q

postmortem care

A

care of the body after death

CNA class (1 decks)

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