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CNA-1 > CNA-1 > Flashcards

CNA-1 Flashcards

1
Q

Providers

A

People or organizations that provide health care, including doctors and nurses

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2
Q

Facilities

A

Where care is delivered.

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3
Q

Payers

A

People or organizations paying for healthcare.

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4
Q

Long-Term Care (LTC)

A

Given in a long-term care facility for people who need 24 hour skilled care.

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5
Q

Skilled Care

A

Medically necessary care given by a skilled nurse or therapist. It is available 24 hours a day.

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6
Q

Length of Stay

A

The number of days a person stays in healthcare facility.

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7
Q

Terminal Illness

A

Illness will eventually cause death.

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8
Q

Home Health Care

A

Care provided in a person’s home. Generally given to people who are older and are chronically ill but who are able and wish to remain home.

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9
Q

Diagnoses

A

Medical condition determined by a doctor.

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10
Q

Assisted Living

A

Residences for people who need some help with daily care, such as showers, meals, and dressing.

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11
Q

Dementia

A

Serious loss of mental abilities.

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12
Q

Adult Day Services

A

People who need some assistance and supervision during certain hours, but do not live in the facility where care is provided.

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13
Q

Acute Care

A

24-hour skilled care given in hospitals or surgery centers for people who require short-term immediate care for an injury or illness.

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14
Q

Subacute Care

A

Given in a hospital or long-term care facility for people who need less care than for an acute, but more care than for a chronic illness.

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15
Q

Outpatient

A

Given for less than 24 hours and are for people who have had treatments or surgery and need short-term skilled care.

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16
Q

Rehabilitation

A

Given by specialists such as physical, occupational, and speech therapists to improve function after illness or injury.

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17
Q

Hospice Care

A

Given in facility or at home for people who have approximately 6 months or less to live.

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18
Q

Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)

A

Require participants to use particular doctor or group of doctors except in case of emergency.

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19
Q

Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs)

A

Cost-reducing healthcare option. Employees are given reduced, fee-for-service rates.

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20
Q

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

A

Personal care tasks such as bathing, skin, nail and hair care, and assistance with walking, eating, dressing, transferring, and toileting.

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21
Q

Catheters

A

Thin tubes inserted into the body to drain fluids or inject fluids.

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22
Q

Policy

A

Course of action that should be taken every time a certain situation occurs.

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23
Q

Procedure

A

Method, or way, of doing something.

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24
Q

Cite

A

To find a problem through survey.

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25
Q

Joint Commission

A

An independent, not-for-profit organization that evaluates and accredits healthcare organizations. It’s goal is to improve the safety and quality of care given to patients, clients, and residents.

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26
Q

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)

A

Federal agency that runs two national healthcare programs, Medicare and Medicaid.

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27
Q

Medicare

A

For people who are 65 or older or have permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities.

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28
Q

Medicaid

A

Medical assistance for low-income people.

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29
Q

Culture Change

A

Process of transforming services for elders so that they are based on values and practices of the person receiving care.

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30
Q

Person-Directed Care

A

Emphasizes the individuality of the person who needs care and seeks to build community by recognizing and developing each person’s capabilities.

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31
Q

Nursing Assistant (NA) or Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA)

A

Performs assigned tasks, such as taking vital signs, and provides or assists with routine personal care, such as bathing residents and helping with toileting.

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32
Q

Registered Nurse (RN)

A

Coordinates, manages, and provides skilled nursing care. This includes administering special treatments and giving medication as prescribed by a physician.

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33
Q

Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) or Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN)

A

Administers medications and gives treatments. May also supervise NA’s daily care of residents.

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34
Q

Physician or Doctor

A

Their job is to diagnose disease or disability and prescribe treatment.

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35
Q

Physical Therapist (PT)

A

Evaluates a person and develops treatment plan to increase movement, improve circulation, reduce pain, and help resident regain or maintain mobility.

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36
Q

Occupational Therapist (OT)

A

Helps residents adapt to their disability.

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37
Q

Speech-Language Pathologist (SLP)

A

Identifies communication disorders and develops plan of care to meet recovery goals. Also evaluates person’s ability to swallow.

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38
Q

Registered Dietitian (RDT)

A

Creates diets for residents with special needs.

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39
Q

Medical Social Worker (MSW)

A

Determines resident’s needs and helps get them support services such as counseling and financial assistance.

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40
Q

Activities Director

A

Plans activities for residents to help them socialize and stay physically and mentally active.

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41
Q

Resident

A

The person receiving care. They have the right to make decisions about their own care.

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42
Q

Charting

A

Writing down information about the resident.

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43
Q

Empathy

A

Identifying with the feelings of others. Understand other’s problems.

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44
Q

Sympathy

A

Sharing the feelings and difficulties of others.

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45
Q

Chain of Command

A

Describes the line of authority.

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46
Q

Liability

A

Someone is responsible for harming someone else.

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47
Q

Scope of Practice

A

Defines the tasks that healthcare providers are legally allowed to do and how to do them correctly.

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48
Q

Nursing Process

A

Assessment-Diagnosis-Planning-Implementation-Evaluation

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49
Q

Delegation

A

Transferring responsibility to a person for a specific task.

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50
Q

Ethics

A

Knowledge of right and wrong.

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51
Q

Laws

A

Government established laws to help people live peacefully together and to ensure safety.

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52
Q

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)

A

Defines the rights for residents.

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53
Q

Minimum Data Set (MDS)

A

Detailed guideline for assessing resident in long-term care facility. Also details what to do if resident problems are identified.

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54
Q

Resident Rights

A

How residents must be treated while living in a facility.

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55
Q

Informed Consent

A

Process by which a person, with the help of a doctor, makes informed decisions about their health care.

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56
Q

Abuse

A

Purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to someone.

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57
Q

Neglect

A

Failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person.

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58
Q

Physical Abuse

A

Any treatment, intentional or unintentional, that causes harm to a person’s body.

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59
Q

Psychological Abuse

A

Emotional harm caused by threatening, scaring, humiliating, isolating or insulting a person.

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60
Q

Verbal Abuse

A

Use of spoken or written words, pictures, or gestures that threaten, embarrass, or insult a person.

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61
Q

Sexual Abuse

A

Forcing of a person to perform or participate in sexual acts against their consent.

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62
Q

Financial Abuse

A

Improper or illegal use of a person’s money, possessions, or property.

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63
Q

Assault

A

Threat to harm a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that they will be harmed.

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64
Q

Battery

A

Intentional touching of a person without their consent.

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65
Q

Domestic Violence

A

Abuse by spouse, intimate partners, or family members.

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66
Q

Workplace Violence

A

Abuse of staff by other staff members, residents, or visitors.

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67
Q

False Imprisionment

A

Unlawful restraint that affects a person’s freedom of movement. Both by the threat of being physically restrained and actually being physically restrained.

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68
Q

Involuntary Seclusion

A

Separation of a person from others agains the person’s will.

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69
Q

Sexual Harassment

A

Unwelcomed sexual advance or behavior that creates an intimidating or offensive working environment.

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70
Q

Substance Abuse

A

Use of legal or illegal drugs, cigarettes, or alcohol in a way that harms oneself or others.

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71
Q

Active Neglect

A

Purposeful failure to provide needed care, resulting in harm to a person.

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72
Q

Passive Neglect

A

Unintentional failure to provide needed care, resulting in physical, mental or emotional harm to a person.

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73
Q

Negligence

A

Actions or the failure to act or provide proper care for a resident resulting in unintended injury.

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74
Q

Malpractice

A

Occurs when a person is injured to professional misconduct.

75
Q

Mandated Reporters

A

People who are legally required to report suspected or observed abuse or neglect because they have regular contact with vulnerable populations, such as the elderly in care facilities.

76
Q

Ombudsman

A

Legal advocate for resident that helps residents resolve problems or issues.

77
Q

Nurse Aide Training Competency Evaluation Program (NATCEP)

A

Makes the rules about the training and testing for NA’s. Also will will contact any NA that is accused of abuse.

78
Q

Confidentiality

A

Keep private things private.

79
Q

Protected Health Information (PHI)

A

Person’s health is kept private. This is under HIPPA.

80
Q

Advance Directives or Living Will

A

Legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves.

81
Q

Durable Power of Attorney for Healthcare

A

Legal document that appoints someone to make medical decisions for a person in the event that the person becomes unable to do so.

82
Q

Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR)

A

Do not want CPR given.

83
Q

Communication

A

Exchanging information with others.

84
Q

Verbal Communication

A

Involves use of words, spoken or written.

85
Q

Nonverbal Communication

A

Communicating without using words. Body language, facial expressions, and posture can be expressed.

86
Q

Cultural Diversity

A

Different groups of people with varied background and experiences living together in the world.

87
Q

Culture

A

System of learned behaviors, practiced by a group of people that is considered to be the tradition of that group.

88
Q

Bias

A

Tendency to have an opinion, or view, that is often without considering evidence and other information.

89
Q

Cliches

A

Phrases that are used over and over again and do not really mean anything.

90
Q

Objective Information

A

Information based on what a person sees, hears, touches, or smells. Also called signs.

91
Q

Subjective Information

A

Information that a person cannot or did not observe, but is based on somethings a resident reported. Also called symptoms.

92
Q

Incontinence

A

Inability to control bladder or bowels.

93
Q

Cyanotic

A

Skin that is blue or gray.

94
Q

Incident

A

An accident, problem, or unexpected event during the course of care.

95
Q

Sentinel Event

A

An accident or event that results in grave physical or psychological injury or death.

96
Q

Impairment

A

Loss of function or ability; it can be partial or complete loss.

97
Q

Farsightedness

A

Ability to see objects in the distance better.

98
Q

Nearsightedness

A

Ability to see things near, but not far.

99
Q

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

A

Stroke

100
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis on one side of the body.

101
Q

Hempiparesis

A

Weakness on one side of the body.

102
Q

Expressive Aphasia

A

Slurred speech.

103
Q

Receptive Aphasia

A

Unable to understand spoken or written words.

104
Q

Emotional Liability

A

Laughing or crying without any reason.

105
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing.

106
Q

Combative

A

Violent or hostile behavior.

107
Q

Infection Prevention

A

Set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control infection.

108
Q

Microorganism (MO) or Microbe

A

Tiny living thing only visible under microscope

109
Q

Infections

A

Occur when harmful microorganisms (microbes) invade and multiply the body.

110
Q

Pathogens

A

Harmful microorganisms (microbes)

111
Q

Localized Infections

A

Infection limited to specific location

112
Q

Systemic Infection

A

Affects the entire body.

113
Q

Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI)

A

Infection that happened in a healthcare setting during delivery of care.

114
Q

Chain of Infection

A

Way of describing how disease is transmitted from one person to another.

115
Q

Causative Agent

A

Pathogenic microbe that causes disease. Includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

116
Q

Reservoir

A

Where the pathogen lives and grows. Includes humans, animals, plants, or a substance.

117
Q

Portal of Exit

A

Any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave. Include nose, mouth, eyes, or a cut on the skin.

118
Q

Mode of Transmission

A

Describes of the pathogen travels. Includes direct or indirect contact.

119
Q

Portal of Entry

A

Any body opening of an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter. Include nose, mouth, eyes, cuts on skin.

120
Q

Direct Contact

A

Happens by touching person

121
Q

Indirect Contact

A

Results from touching something contaminated by the infected person such as needle, dressing or tissue.

122
Q

Mucous Membranes

A

Membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body. Include lining of mouth, nose, eyes, rectum and genitals.

123
Q

Susceptible Host

A

Uninfected person who could get sick.

124
Q

Transmission

A

Passage or transfer

125
Q

Infectious

A

Contagious

126
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

Measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens.

127
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A

State of being free of all microorganisms. Also called sterile technique.

128
Q

Maluntrition

A

Lack of nutrients in the body.

129
Q

Dehydration

A

Lack of fluids in the body.

130
Q

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

A

Federal government makes rules to protect workers from hazards on job.

131
Q

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

A

Government agency that makes rules to protect health of individuals and communities. Promotes public health, as well as disease, injury and disability prevention.

132
Q

Isolate

A

Keep something separate.

133
Q

Standard Precautions

A

Treating blood, body fluids, non-intact skin and mucous membranes as if they were infected. This involves washing hands, wearing gloves, removing gloves.

134
Q

Sharps

A

Needles or other sharp objects.

135
Q

Hand Hygiene

A

Washing hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rubs.

136
Q

Antimicrobal

A

Agent destroys, or prevents the development of pathogens.

137
Q

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

A

Equipment that helps protect employees from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with workplace hazards.

138
Q

Perineal Care

A

Care of genitals and anal area.

139
Q

Non-intact Skin

A

Skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, acne, pimples, lesions, or surgical incisions.

140
Q

Clean

A

Not contaminated

141
Q

Dirty

A

Has been contaminated by pathogens.

142
Q

Disinfection

A

Process that kills pathogens. Kills some, but not all.

143
Q

Sterilization

A

Measure that destroys all microbes. Accomplished through the use of special machines and devices.

144
Q

Disposable

A

Discarded after one use.

145
Q

Transmission-Based Precautions

A

Precautions used when caring for a person who are infected or suspected of being infected with disease. These are used in addition to standard precautions.

146
Q

Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs)

A

Resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents that are commonly used for treatments.

147
Q

Airborne Precations

A

Used for diseases that are transmitted or spread through the air after being expelled. Include TB, measles, and chickenpox.

148
Q

Droplet Precautions

A

Used for diseases that are spread by droplets in the air. Including coughing, sneezing, laughing, and talking.

149
Q

Contact Precautions

A

Used when there is a risk of spreading a microorganism (microbe) by touching an infected person or object. Include wearing PPE and resident isolation as well as proper hand washing.

150
Q

Bloodborne Pathogens

A

Microorganisms found in human blood than can cause infection and disease in humans. They may also be found in body fluids and draining wounds or can be sexually transmitted.

151
Q

HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus

A

A virus that can cause AIDS

152
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse, some medications and trauma.

153
Q

Hepatitis B

A

Bloodborne disease that is spread through sexual contact, sharing needles, or from a mother to her baby during delivery.

154
Q

Jaundice

A

When the skin, white of the eyes, and mucous membranes appear yellow.

155
Q

Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

A

Law requires that healthcare facilities protect employees from bloodborne health hazards.

156
Q

Exposure Control Plan

A

Designed to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to infectious material.

157
Q

Tuberculosis- TB

A

A highly contagious lung disease by a bacterium that is carried on mucous droplets suspended in the air. TB is an airborne disease. Two types of TB: Latent TB Infection and TB disease.

158
Q

Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB)

A

Type of TB that can develop when a person with TB disease does not take all the prescribed medications.

159
Q

Resistant

A

Drug no longer work to kill the specific bacteria.

160
Q

Phlegm

A

Thick mucus from the respiratory passage.

161
Q

MRSA

A

An antibiotic-resistant infection that acquired in healthcare facilities. Almost always spread by direct physical contact with infected person. Prevent MRSA by good hygiene.

162
Q

Clostridium Difficile- C. Diff

A

Spore-forming bacterium which can be part of normal intestinal flora. Produces a toxin that causes water diarrhea.

163
Q

Vital Signs

A

Show how well the vital organs of the body are working. They consist of body temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure, and reporting level of pain.

164
Q

Oral Temperature

A

97.6-99.6 is normal

165
Q

Rectal Temperature

A

Taking temperature in the rectum.

166
Q

Axilla Temperature

A

Taking temperature under the armpit.

167
Q

Tympanic Temperature

A

Taking temperature in the ear.

168
Q

Temporal Temperature

A

Taking temperature along the temple.

169
Q

Pulse Rate

A

60-100 beats per minute is normal.

170
Q

Respiratory Rate

A

12-20 respirations per minute is normal.

171
Q

Blood Pressure

A

Systolic: 100-140 is normal
Diastolic: 60-90 is normal

172
Q

Low Blood Pressure

A

Below 100/60

173
Q

High Blood Pressure

A

Higher than 140/90

174
Q

Radial Pulse

A

Located on the wrist

175
Q

Brachial Pulse

A

Inside elbow, one and half inch above elbow.

176
Q

Apical Pulse

A

Left side of chest, just below nipple

177
Q

Pulse

A

Number of hear beats per minute.

178
Q

Apnea

A

Absence of breathing.

179
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing.

180
Q

Tachypnea

A

Rapid breathing

181
Q

Orthopnea

A

Shortness of breath when lying down, needs to sit up

182
Q

Cheyne-Stroke

A

Alternating periods of slow irregular breathing. Often signs of impending death.

183
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure. 140/90 or higher

184
Q

Hypotension

A

Low blood pressure 100/60 or lower

CNA-1 (1 decks)

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