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Cranial Nerves > CN I-XII Everything > Flashcards

CN I-XII Everything Flashcards

1
Q

Olfactory Nerve general function

A

Special sensory - smell

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2
Q

Olfactory Nerve origin

A

Forebrain (Cerebral hemispheres - telencephalon)

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3
Q

Olfactory Nerve distribution

A

Olfactory mucosa of nose (olfactory epithelium)

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4
Q

Optic Nerve general function

A

Special sensory - sight

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5
Q

Optic Nerve origin

A

Forebrain (diencephalon)

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6
Q

Optic Nerve distribution

A

Retina of eye

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7
Q

Oculomotor Nerve somatic motor distribution

A

Motor: Superior, Inferior, and Medial recti, inferior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris

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8
Q

Olfactory Nerve cranial exit

A

Foramina in cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

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9
Q

Olfactory Nerve cell body location

A

olfactory cells of olfactory epithelium

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10
Q

Optic Nerve cranial exit

A

Optic canal

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11
Q

Optic Nerve cell body location

A

ganglion cells of retina

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12
Q

Oculomotor Nerve origin

A

Midbrain (mesencephalon)

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13
Q

Oculomotor Nerve distribution

A

Superior, medial, and inferior recti, levator palpebrae superioris, inferior oblique muscles;
parasympathetic innervation of sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles

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14
Q

Oculomotor Nerve cranial exit

A

Superior orbital fissure

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15
Q

Oculomotor Nerve cell body location

A

Somatic motor - midbrain

Visceral motor - Presynaptic from midbrain, postsynaptic at ciliary ganglion

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16
Q

Trochlear Nerve Origin

A

Midbrain (emerges dorsally, only cranial nerve to do so)

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17
Q

Trochlear Nerve cranial exit

A

Superior orbital fissure

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18
Q

Trochlear Nerve cell body location

A

Midbrain

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19
Q

Trochlear Nerve function and distribution

A

Somatic Motor - superior oblique (extra-ocular muscle)

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20
Q

Trigeminal Nerve origin

A

Brainstem (Pons - metencephalon)

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21
Q

Trigeminal Nerve general function

A

Somatic Motor and Somatic Sensory

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22
Q

Trigeminal Main Branches

A

Opthalmic (V1)
Maxillary (V2)
Mandibular (V3)

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23
Q

Opthalmic Nerve general function

A

Somatic sensory

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24
Q

Opthalmic Nerve cell body location

A

Trigeminal ganglion

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25
Q

Opthalmic Nerve cranial exit

A

Superior orbital fissure

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26
Q

Opthalmic Nerve distribution

A

Sensation from cornea, skin of forehead, scalp, eyelids, nose, and mucosa of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

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27
Q

Maxillary Nerve general function

A

Somatic sensory

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28
Q

Maxillary Nerve cell body location

A

Trigeminal ganglion

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29
Q

Maxillary Nerve cranial exit

A

Foramen rotundum

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30
Q

Maxillary Nerve distribution

A

Sensation from skin of face over maxilla, including upper lip, maxillary teeth, mucosa of nose, maxillary sinuses, and palate

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31
Q

Mandibular Nerve general function

A

Somatic sensory and somatic motor

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32
Q

Mandibular Nerve sensory cell body location

A

Trigeminal ganglion

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33
Q

Mandibular Nerve cranial exit

A

Foramen ovale

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34
Q

Mandibular Nerve sensory distribution

A

Sensation from skin of face overlying mandible including lower lip, mandibular teeth,temporomandibular joint, mucosa of mouth and anterior two thirds of tongue

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35
Q

Mandibular Nerve motor cell body location

A

pons

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36
Q

Mandibular Nerve motor distribution

A

Muscles of mastication, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor veli palatini, and tensor tympani

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37
Q

Abducens Nerve origin

A

Brainstem (junction betwen pons and medulla)

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38
Q

Abducens Nerve cranial exit

A

Superior orbital fissure

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39
Q

Abducens Nerve cell body location

A

Pons

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40
Q

Abducens Nerve general function

A

somatic motor

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41
Q

Abducens Nerve distribution

A

Lateral rectus muscle

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42
Q

Facial Nerve origin

A

Brainstem (junction between pons and medulla)

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43
Q

Facial Nerve general function

A

somatic and visceral motor, special and general sensory

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44
Q

Facial Nerve somatic motor cell body location

A

pons

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45
Q

Facial Nerve somatic motor distribution

A

Motor to muscles of facial expression and scalp; also supplies stapedius of middle ear, stylohyoid, and posterior belly of digastric

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46
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve origin

A

Brainstem (Junction between pons and medulla)

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47
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve general function

A

Special sensory

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48
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve cranial exit

A

Internal acoustic meatus

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49
Q

Vestibulocochlear Nerve branches

A

Vestibular and Cochlear

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50
Q

Vestibular Nerve cell body location

A

Vestibular ganglion

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51
Q

Cochlear Nerve cell body location

A

Spiral ganglion

52
Q

Vestibular Nerve distribution

A

Vestibular sensation from semicircular ducts, utricle, and saccule related to position and movements of head

53
Q

Cochlear Nerve distribution

A

Hearing from spiral organ

54
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve origin

A

Brainstem (Medulla - myelencephalon)

55
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve general function

A

Somatic, visceral, and special sensory

Somatic and visceral motor

56
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve somatic motor cell body location

A

Medulla

57
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve visceral motor cell body locations

A

Presynaptic - medulla; postsynaptic - otic ganglion

58
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve visceral sensory cell body location

A

Superior ganglion

59
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve special sensory cell body location

A

Inferior ganglion

60
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve somatic sensory cell body location

A

Inferior ganglion

61
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve cranial exit

A

Jugular foramen

62
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve somatic motor distribution

A

Motor to stylopharyngeus that assists with swallowing

63
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve visceral motor distribution

A

Parasympathetic innervation to parotid gland

64
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve visceral sensory distribution

A

Visceral sensation from parotid gland, carotid body and sinus, pharynx, and middle ear

65
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve special sensory distribution

A

Taste from posterior third of tongue

66
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve somatic sensory distribution

A

Cutaneous sensation from external ear

67
Q

Accessory Nerve origin

A

Superior spinal cord (C1-C5/6)

68
Q

Accessory Nerve cranial path

A

Enter cranium via foramen magnum, exit via jugular foramen

69
Q

Accessory Nerve general function

A

somatic motor

70
Q

Accessory Nerve cell body location

A

spinal cord

71
Q

Accessory Nerve distribution

A

Motor to SCM and trapezius

72
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve origin

A

Brainstem (Medulla - myelencephalon)

73
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve general function

A

somatic motor

74
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve cranial exit

A

Hypoglossal canal

75
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve cell body location

A

Medulla

76
Q

Hypoglossal Nerve distribution

A

Motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue (except palatoglossus)

77
Q

Vagus Nerve origin

A

Brainstem (Medulla - myelencephalon)

78
Q

Vagus Nerve general function

A

Somatic, visceral, and special sensory (taste)

Somatic and visceral motor

79
Q

Vagus Nerve cranial exit

A

Jugular foramen

80
Q

Vagus Nerve somatic motor cell body location

A

Medulla

81
Q

Vagus Nerve visceral motor presynaptic cell body location

A

Medulla

82
Q

Vagus Nerve visceral motor postsynaptic cell body location

A

Neurons in, on, or near viscera

83
Q

Vagus Nerve visceral sensory cell body location

A

Inferior ganglion

84
Q

Vagus Nerve special sensory cell body location

A

Inferior ganglion

85
Q

Vagus Nerve somatic sensory cell body location

A

Superior ganglion

86
Q

Vagus Nerve somatic motor distribution

A

Motor to muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus), intrinsic muscles of larynx, muscles of palate (except tensor veli palatini), and striated muscle in superior two thirds of esophagus

87
Q

Vagus Nerve visceral motor distribution

A

Parasympathetic innervation to smooth muscle and glands of trachea, bronchi, digestive tract, coronary arteries, and nodes of conduction system of heart

88
Q

Vagus Nerve visceral sensory distribution

A

Visceral sensation from base of tongue, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, heart, esophagus, stomach, and intestine to left colic flexure

89
Q

Vagus Nerve special sensory distribution

A

Taste from epiglottis and palate

90
Q

Vagus Nerve somatic sensory distribution

A

Sensation from auricle, external acoustic meatus, and dura mater of posterior cranial fossa

91
Q

Facial Nerve special sensory cell body location

A

Geniculate ganglion

92
Q

Facial Nerve special sensory distribution

A

Taste from anterior two thirds of tongue and palate

93
Q

Facial Nerve cranial exit

A

Internal acoustic meatus; facial canal; stylomastoid foramen

94
Q

Facial Nerve visceral motor presynaptic cell body location

A

pons

95
Q

Facial Nerve visceral motor postsynaptic cell body location

A

pterygopalatine ganglion; submandibular ganglion

96
Q

Facial Nerve visceral motor distribution

A

Parasympathetic innervation of submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, lacrimal gland, and glands of nose and palate

97
Q

Suboccipital Nerve origin

A

Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C1

98
Q

Suboccipital Nerve course

A

Runs between cranium and C1 vertebra to reach subocciptal triangle

99
Q

Subocciptal Nerve distribution

A

Muscles of suboccipital triangle

100
Q

Greater Occipital Nerve origin

A

Posterior ramus of spinal nerve C2

101
Q

Greater Occipital Nerve course

A

Emerges inferior to obliquus capitis inferior and ascends to posterior scalp, penetrates Semispinalis capitis muscle

102
Q

Greater Occipital Nerve distribution

A

Skin over neck and occipital bone

103
Q

Lesser Occipital Nerve origin

A

Anterior rami of spinal nerves C2-C3

104
Q

Lesser Occipital Nerve course

A

Passes directly to skin

105
Q

Lesser Occipital Nerve distribution

A

Skin of superior posterolateral neck and scalp posterior to external ear

106
Q

Great Auricular Nerve origin

A

C2-C3 (Cervical ganglion)

107
Q

Great Auricular Nerve distribution

A

Sensory innervation of skin over parotid gland, mastoid process, and both surfaces of the outer ear.

108
Q

Supraclavicular Nerves origin

A

C3-C4 spinal nerves

109
Q

Origin of presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion

A

Lesser Petrosal Nerve (branch of Glossopharyngeal, IX)

110
Q

Cell bodies of parasympathetic fibers of the lesser petrosal nerve

A

Otic ganglion

111
Q

Otic ganglion location

A

immediately below the foramen ovale in the infratemporal fossa

112
Q

Otic ganglion parasympathetic distribution

A

parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland

113
Q

Origin of presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the submandibular ganglion

A

Fibers from the superior salivatory nucleus of the Pons via the chorda tympani (facial, VII) and the lingual nerve (submandibular branch of trigeminal, V3)

114
Q

Cell bodies of parasympathetic fibers of the chorda tympani and the lingual nerve

A

Submandibular ganglion

115
Q

Submandibular ganglion location

A

above the deep portion of the submandibular gland, on the hyoglossus muscle, near the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle

116
Q

Submandibular ganglion parasympathetic distribution

A

parasympathetic innervation to the oral mucosa and the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

117
Q

Origin of presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the pterygopalatine ganglion

A

Greater Petrosal nerve (branch of the facial nerve, VII)

118
Q

Location of cell bodies of parasympathetic fibers in the nasopalatine nerve

A

Pterygopalatine ganglion

119
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion location

A

Pterygopalatine fossa near the sphenopalatine foramen

120
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion parasympathetic distribution

A

Lacrimal gland, paranasal sinuses, glands of the mucosa of the nasal cavity and pharynx, the gingiva, and the mucous membrane and glands of the hard palate

121
Q

Origin of presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary ganglion

A

Edinger-Westphal nucleus via the oculomotor nerve (III)

122
Q

Location of cell bodies of parasympathetic fibers in the short ciliary nerves

A

Ciliary ganglion

123
Q

Ciliary ganglion location

A

posterior orbit

124
Q

Ciliary ganglion parasympathetic distribution

A

sphincter pupillae and ciliaris

125
Q

Ciliary ganglion fiber types

A

parasympathetic: Edinger-Westphal to sphincter pupillae and ciliaris via short ciliary nerves
sympathetic: superior cervical ganglion (carotid plexus) to dilator pupillae, superior tarsal muscle, inferior tarsal muscle, and orbitalis via the short and long ciliary nerves
sensory: cornea, iris, and ciliary body via the short ciliary nerves to the nasociliary (branch of opthalmic, V1)

126
Q

Pterygopalatine ganglion fiber types

A

parasympathetic: Greater Petrosal nerve (from facial, VII) to deep branches of trigeminal (V)
sympathetic: superior cervical ganglion (carotid plexus) to deep petrosal, to greater petrosal, to the nerve of the pterygoid canal, distributed to pterygopalatine nerve innervating blood vessels of nasal cavity, palate, and superior parts of pharynx
sensory: sphenopalatine branches of maxillary nerve (V2) passing directly to the palatine nerves

127
Q

Submandibular ganglion fiber types

A

parasympathetic: Superior salivatory nucleus of the Pons via the chorda tympani and lingual nerve to oral mucosa and the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
sympathetic: superior cervical ganglion (external carotid plexus) via the facial nerve

Cranial Nerves (1 decks)

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