CM1 Flashcards
A branch of mathematics that deals with scientific collection, organization, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of numerical data in order to obtain useful and meaningful information
Statistics
The process used in collection, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data
Statistical Method
What is the nature of statistics?
- Collection of data
- Organization of data
- Analysis of data
- Interpretation of data
The process of obtaining information
Collection of data
Ascertaining manner of presenting the data into tables, graphs, or charts so that logical and statistical conclusions can be drawn from the collected measurements
Organization of data
The process of extracting from the given data relevant information from which numerical description can be formulated
Analysis of data
The task of drawing conclusion from the analyzed data
Interpretation of data
What are the 2 major areas of statistics?
- Descriptive Statistics
- Inferential Statistics
Used to report or describe the features or characteristics of data
Descriptive Statistics
Summarizes a particular numerical data sets or multiple sets, and deliver quantitative insights about that data through numerical or graphical presentation
Descriptive Statistics
Summarizes the data you have itself
Descriptive Statistics
Used to make conclusions, or inferences, based on the available data from a smaller sample population
Inferential Statistics
Using the sample data to draw conclusions about a larger population that can’t feasibly measure entirely
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
Measure of Central Tendency (Mean, Median, Mode)
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
Measures of Dispersion (Variance, Standard Deviation, Skewness and Range)
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
Measures of Distribution (Quantity or Percentage of a Particular Income)
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
Hypothesis Testing
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
Correlation Analysis
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
Linear Regression
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
Confidence Intervals
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
Chi-Square Test
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
The average salary per month of employees is PHP 23,200.00
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
The teacher will announce the names of the students who got the top 5 scores.
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
5 out of 8 want to use detergent A.
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
95% were cured.
Descriptive Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
The company’s income will increase by 3%
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
Average life span of a tire
Inferential Statistics
Descriptive or Inferential?
PAGASA anticipates that there will be at least 30 typhoons this year
Inferential Statistics
Numerical information based on counting or measuring that which be manipulated by any fundamental operation
Quantitative Data
Descriptive attributes that cannot be subjected to mathematical operations
Qualitative Data
Quantitative or Qualitative?
Age
Quantitative Data
Quantitative or Qualitative?
IQ Scores
Quantitative Data
Quantitative or Qualitative?
Height
Quantitative Data
Quantitative or Qualitative?
Weight
Quantitative Data
Quantitative or Qualitative?
Income
Quantitative Data
Quantitative or Qualitative?
Gender
Qualitative Data
Quantitative or Qualitative?
Citizenship
Qualitative Data
Quantitative or Qualitative?
Educational Attainment
Qualitative Data
Quantitative or Qualitative?
Religion
Qualitative Data
Totality of all the elements or persons for which has an interest at a particular time
Population (N)
Part of a population determined by sampling procedures
Sample (n)
Any statistical information or attribute taken from a population
Parameter
True value or actual statistics since its source is the population itself
Parameter
Any estimate of statistical attributes taken from a sample
Statistic
A specific factor, property, or characteristics of a population or a sample which differentiates a sample or group of samples from another group
Variable
Characteristics that when one changes, the other also changes
Dependent Variable
Identify independent and dependent variables
Contest ranking and cash price
IV: Contest ranking
DV: Cash prize
Identify independent and dependent variables
Price of gasoline and price of basic needs in the market
IV: Price of gasoline
DV: Price of basic needs in the market
Characteristics that does not affect each other
Independent Variables
A variable that can be obtained by counting
Discrete Variable
A variable that can be obtained by measuring objects or attributes
Continuous Variable
Discrete or Continuous?
Number of cellphone users
Discrete Variable
Discrete or Continuous?
Number of computers
Discrete Variable
Discrete or Continuous?
Weight
Continuous Variable
Discrete or Continuous?
Temperature
Continuous Variable
Discrete or Continuous?
Area
Continuous Variable
z
Quantitative