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Personality Disorders- Understanding Personality Disorders > Clusters A and B > Flashcards

Clusters A and B Flashcards

1
Q

The “Odd or Eccentric”

A

Group of personality disorders

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2
Q

Cluster A personality disorders have similarities with

A

schizophrenia

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3
Q

Cluster A personality disorders are usually seen in

A

first degree relatives of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia(10x higher in prevalence than general population)

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4
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorders

A

Pervasive suspiciousness and distrust of others, Unwillingness to confide in others,

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5
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorders have internal thought process that is devoted to

A

assuming others are attempting to exploit, use, or deceive them in some way

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6
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorders symptoms:

A

Beliefs are illogical/irrational in nature, Interpretation of actions is filtered through a sense of mistrust, Seeing simple statements as having “hidden meanings”

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7
Q

Individuals with PPD are often

A

quarrelsome, stubborn, and rigid in their beliefs

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8
Q

Schizoid Personality Disorders

A

Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expressions

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9
Q

Schizoid Personality Disorders present as

A

aloof, unavailable, and are seen as “loners”, emotionally cold

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10
Q

Individuals with Schizoid PD do not

A

typically desire close relationships, lack friends/social supports, and seek out solitary activities

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11
Q

Schizoid PD are often

A

indifferent to the views/opinions of others (do not value praise or criticism from others)

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12
Q

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

A

Pervasive pattern of odd beliefs, odd behaviors, and “magical thinking”

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13
Q

Schizotypal PD includes

A

several cognitive distortions about reality and inappropriate affect(emotional responses)

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14
Q

Individuals with Schizotypal PD show

A

patterns of discomfort in social relationships, social anxiety, and suspiciousness others

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15
Q

Strong links to

A

Schizophrenia

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16
Q

Brain imaging shows same

A

reduction of gray matter often found in individuals with schizophrenia

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17
Q

Cluster B Personality Disorders

A

The Dramatic, Emotional, or Erratic Personality Disorders

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18
Q

Cluster B Personality Disorders are characterized by

A

impulsive behaviors, emotional volatility, and intense behavioral responses

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19
Q

Cluster B Personality Disorders have significant

A

overlap among these; however, each has its own unique elements

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20
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorders

A

Pervasive pattern of committing illegal actions, deceitful behaviors, impulsivity, hostility and aggression towards others, engaging in dangerous activities, and irresponsible behaviors

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21
Q

Individuals with ASPD are

A

often unremorseful of their actions

22
Q

Individuals with ASPD typically see others as

A

means to their own ends(devaluation of others)

23
Q

ASPD actions are usually a

A

violation of the rights of others and/ or are committed with disregard for consequences

24
Q

Psychopathy

A

A unique presentation of ASPD (not a DSM-5 diagnosis) that includes emotional detachment and a lack of empathy for others

25
Q

Psychopathy results in

A

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits

26
Q

Psychopathy people are

A

Fearlessness and externalizing vulnerability

27
Q

Conduct Disorders(CD)

A

Is a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others and/or major social norms are violated

28
Q

CD can present with

A

“limited prosocial emotions”

29
Q

Life-course persistent(LCP) vs.

A

adolescent limited(AL)

30
Q

Majority of those with CD do not

A

display symptoms after adolescence

31
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder

A

Pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect

32
Q

Borderline PD are marked by

A

impulsivity, frantic efforts to avoid real or image abandonment, recurrent suicidal gestures/threats, and chronic feelings of emptiness

33
Q

Individuals with BPD often have

A

intense interpersonal relationships relationships that alternate between the extremes of idealization and devaluation

34
Q

Significant difficulty regulating

A

emotional response to situations(eg. frequent displays of temper)

35
Q

Research suggests that those with BPD have

A

insecure attachment

36
Q

Early loss and/or separation from caregivers seems to be

A

positively correlated with later BPD

37
Q

People with BPD demonstrate a

A

fearful preoccupation

38
Q

Individuals with BPD have a intense need to the

A

center of attention but a constant fear of rejection and/or abandonment

39
Q

Individuals with BPD will often

A

undermine themselves in terms of goal-directed activities(eg, dropping out of school just before they graduate)

40
Q

In rare cases of BPD,

A

psychotic symptoms are reported during times of extreme stress

41
Q

BPD are highly comorbid with

A

mood disorders, substance abuse disorders, PTSD, and eating disorders

42
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorders

A

Pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking behaviors

43
Q

Individuals with Histrionic PD are often

A

Uncomfortable if they are not the center of attention, are often very shallow/superficial in their presentation, and are described as “theatric” when speaking

44
Q

Histrionic PD may have

A

Difficulty achieving emotional intimacy in romantic or sexual relationships. Role of “victim” in their interactions, Engage in emotional manipulation behaviors and/or dependency

45
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorders

A

Pervasive pattern of grandiosity(in either fantasy or overt behavior), need for admiration , and lack of empathy

46
Q

People with Narcissistic PD often

A

require excessive admiration from others and display a strong sense of entitlement

47
Q

In interpersonal relationships, narcissistic PD are

A

often exploitative and cannot connect with the needs of others.

48
Q

Narcissistic PD are overly

A

sensitive to “injury” from criticism or defeat

49
Q

Characteristics of Narcissistic PD:

A

Over-inflated sense of self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements nd/or talents, expects to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements)
Preoccupation with fantasies of success, power, brilliance, or beauty
Believes that they are “special”, unique, and can only be understood by other special or high-status people (or institutions)

50
Q

Characteristic of Histrionic PD:

A

Content of speech is lacking in detail, very impressionistic
May consider relationships to be more intimate than they are
May dress and/or act provocatively in order to gain attention from others

Personality Disorders- Understanding Personality Disorders (3 decks)

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