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CLST 1110 History > CLST History > Flashcards

CLST History Flashcards

1
Q

What is civilization?

A

an ancient collective with cultural and
technological developments that can
be traced in the historic record

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2
Q

Fernand Braudel’s civilization?

A

collective unconscious

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3
Q

Hellenes?

A

Greek for greeks

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4
Q

Hellas?

A

Greek for Greece

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5
Q

What is culture?

A

ideas and practices that shape an individual or
collective group’s way of life

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6
Q

Evidence Types

A

Written and Material

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7
Q

Written evidence types

A

Inscriptions, poetry, plays, histories, biographies, oratory and philosophy

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8
Q

Material evidence types

A

Coinage, metalwork, pottery, artwork, architecture.

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9
Q

Bronze Age Years

A

3000 - 1100 BCE

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10
Q

Dark Age Years

A

1100 - 776 BCE (1st Olympics)

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11
Q

Archaic Years

A

776 - 479 BCE (2nd Persian invasion)

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12
Q

Classical Years

A

479 - 323 BCE (Death of Alexander)

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13
Q

Hellenistic Years

A

323 - 30 BCE (Battle of Actium)

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14
Q

No Coastal Cities, why?

A

Pirates

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15
Q

Bronze age changes?

A

Power of leaders rise, technology change, settlements, economy/trade, eastern influence due to trade Mesopotamia/Egypt

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16
Q

Trojan War dates

A

1250 - 1225 BCE

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17
Q

Collapse of Mycenae Civ. when?

A

12th century/1100

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18
Q

1st Palaces on Crete/Minoan when?

A

1900 BCE

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19
Q

Mycenae founded?

A

1600 BCE

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20
Q

Alphabet restarts?

A

8th century/700 BCE

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21
Q

Homer (When?)

A

8th - 7th century 700- 600 BCE

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22
Q

1st Olympiad

A

776

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23
Q

City states emerge

A

750 - 700 BCE

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24
Q

1st coins when and purpose

A

625 - 600 BCE to pay mercenaries

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25
Q

Persian wars (dates)

A

499 - 449 BCE

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26
Q

Pericles (dates lived)

A

495 - 429 BCE

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27
Q

Peloponnesian war (dates)

A

431 - 404 BCE

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28
Q

Alexander the Great (dates)

A

356 - 323 BCE

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29
Q

Invasion of Egypt (dates)

A

331 BCE

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30
Q

Roman Empire starts (dates)

A

146 BCE

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31
Q

Cleopatra dies (dates)

A

30 BCE

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32
Q

Minoans excavator

A

Arthur Evans in 1894

33
Q

Troy and Mycenae excavator

A

Heinrich Schliemann 1870 & 1876 (Homer obsessed - mask of Agamemnon)

34
Q

Mycenaean attributes

A

Prominence of males, militaristic, megaron private (great halls or plural megara)

35
Q

Minoan attributes

A

Prominence of females, peaceful, court open to public

36
Q

Bronze age collapse (everybody), why?

A

War, migration, Dorian invaders (dialect spread)?

37
Q

Homer says Mycenaea is…

A

rich in gold

38
Q

Minoan dates?

A

Crete 7000 BCE, 2000-1200 BCE, peak 1650-1450 BCE

39
Q

Bronze age writing languages?

A

Linear A, Linear B and Cretan Hieroglyphics

40
Q

Minoan Collapse when and how?

A

Palaces destroyed 1450 BCE, Natural or Human (Santorini/Thera volcano), Mycenaean domination?

41
Q

Describe the Palace of Knossos?

A

Ritual, distribution and political. Big multi-story. Palace-temple.

42
Q

Dark ages - what happened?

A

Writing disappears, socio-political changes, less trade, less art/architecture, city states start, Temples 8th Century, Lefkandi.

43
Q

City states name and Aristotles definition

A

Polis, poleis. Small enough to know each other’s character < 100,000

44
Q

Dark ages pottery dates and style

A

Proto-geometric 1050 - 900 BCE, geometric 900-700 BCE

45
Q

What’s a krater?

A

Large vase for mixing wine with water

46
Q

Dark ages city-state political institutions?

A

Constitution, laws, government, generals, army taxes.

47
Q

What happens in the Archaic Period?

A

Population increase, writing returns, techno innovations, political unification, central gov’t

48
Q

What’s the word for unification of households?

A

Synoecism, uniting the oikoi

49
Q

Archaic Greece had 3 types of gov’t?

A

King (basileus, basileis pl.), aristocratic oligarchy (boule), tyrrany.

50
Q

Tyrannies when?

A

650 - 500 BCE

51
Q

Tyrranies what happened?

A

Coins, writing came back, oracle at Delphi, law codes.

52
Q

When did democracy happen and by who?

A

500BCE Cleisthenes implemented Solon’s ideas (594) in Athens

53
Q

What is a Kylix?

A

Drinking cup with pedestal and handles for wine

54
Q

What is a Rhyton?

A

Drinking cup in the shape of an animal (Persian influence/reciprocity)

55
Q

Who is Herodotus and when?

A

1st historian, father of history, 485-420BCE

56
Q

Ionian Revolt Who and When?

A

499-493 BCE Persians take Anatolian (Ionian) cities, 1st by Croseus, then deposed by Cyrus, father of Darius. Aristagoras (tyrant of Miletus) incites neighbours asks for help, gets 25 ship from Athens, 5 from Eretria

57
Q

Marathon man’s name

A

Pheidippides

58
Q

1st Persian Expedition years what happened?

A

494 BCE sack Miletus, 490 BCE siege Eretria, take Naxos

59
Q

Battle of Marathon outcome and year?

A

490 BCE 192 Athenians to 6400 Persians

60
Q

Who convinces the Athenians to go to Marathon?

A

General Militiades and Themistokles

61
Q

Athenian Soldier type and formation?

A

Hoplites in a phalanx

62
Q

2nd Persian Invasion who and when

A

Xerxes (Darius’ son) 484 BCE

63
Q

200 ships for Athens how, when and who?

A

Silver found in Laurium 486 BCE and Themistokles convinces Athens to buy

64
Q

Main battle of 2nd invasion where, when, who, outcome?

A

Thermopylae, 480BC, King Leonidas, 7000 vs 100,000 but greeks win

65
Q

3rd Persian Invasion 2 main battles and when

A

Salamis (Naval) 480 BC, Platea (Land) 479 BC

66
Q

Classical Sculpture character, where, why?

A

Naturalistic, public, euergetism (public good)

67
Q

Pericles building program what and when?

A

Parthenon, Nike, Propylea, walls, etc. 447 - 432BCE

68
Q

Democracy in Athens different?

A

Ekklesia (assembly), direct democracy, only men with military training, Ostracism - 10 years banishment

69
Q

Peloponnesian Wars dates and combatants?

A

431 to 404 BCE Delian League (democracies) vs. Peloponnesian League (Oligarchs)

70
Q

Who is Thucydides and when?

A

460 - 400 BCE Peloponnesian historian - 1st scientific historian

71
Q

Archidamian War when what happens?

A

431 - 421 BCE Athenian plague, Pericles dead

72
Q

Sicilian Expedition when and outcome?

A

415 - 413 BCE Athenian disaster

73
Q

Peloponnesian War outcome, when?

A

404 BCE treaty and war reparations paid to Sparta

74
Q

What is and when is the “King’s Peace”

A

Persian king imposes peace on the fighting Greek states (Athens/Thebes/Sparta) 386 BCE

75
Q

Battle of Chaeronea when and who?

A

338 BCE Athens vs Macedon (Athens loses to Philip )

76
Q

Philip II who when?

A

King of Macedon 359 - 336 BCE (Assasinated)

77
Q

3 main Hellenistic kingdoms

A

Ptolemy, Antigonus and Seleucus

78
Q

Where did Alexander the Great invade and dates?

A

Attacks Thebes, Northern Tribes then Darius in Egypt (331BC) then out to Indus in 326 returns and dies 325 BC.

CLST 1110 History (15 decks)

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