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Weather and Climate > clouds > Flashcards

clouds Flashcards

1
Q

how are clouds formed?

A

when water vapour in atmosphere turns into liquid water droplets.

Water droplets condense onto a nuclei particles like dust/salt floating in air

described through collision-coalescence and evaporation of supercooled water feeds snow crystal growth

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2
Q

why do lots of clouds form over ocean?

A

due to salt

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3
Q

different clouds reflect…

A

different amounts of energy

they emit radiation to space which depends on cloud temp

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4
Q

are higher clouds warm or cold?

A

cold as less radiation emitted

low pressure system

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5
Q

why are low clouds warm?

A

emit lots of thermal energy

high albedo - reflects a lot

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6
Q

what 2 factors are key to cloud classification?

A

altitude

shape

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7
Q

stratiform…

A

horizontally developed

flat

layered

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8
Q

cumuliform…

A

vertically developed

globular

puffy

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9
Q

cirroform…

A

high - lots of water vapour here

wispy

less thick

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10
Q

define stratus

A

continuous layer

often with rain

Uniform

Gray

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11
Q

define nimbo

A

dark grey clouds

rain cloud/ stormy

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12
Q

define cumulus

A

rounded heaped masses

low altitude

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13
Q

Define alto

A

Middle level clouds

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14
Q

Define cirro/cirrus

A

High clouds

Wispy
Feathery

Molly

Sun and moon haloes

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15
Q

List 3 low clouds

A

Stratus

Stratocumulus

Nimbostratus

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16
Q

Stratocumulus

A

Soft

Globular masses

Waves / rolls

Over cast

17
Q

Nimbostratus

A

Dark
Gray
Low

Frizzing rain

18
Q

Low clouds height

A

Up to 2000m

Water

19
Q

Name 2 middle clouds

A

Altocumulus

Altostratus

20
Q

Height of middle cloud

A

2000-6000m

I’ve and water

21
Q

Altostratus

A

Thin to thick

Suns outline just viable

Grey

22
Q

Altocumulus

A

Cotton balls

Arranged in lines or groups

Rippling waves

Associated with mountains

23
Q

Name 3 high clouds

A

Cirrus

Cirrostratus

Cirrocumulus

24
Q

Height of high clouds

A

6000-13,000m

Ice

25
Q

Cirrostratus

A

Fused sheets of ice crystals

Milky

Sun and mood haloes

26
Q

Cirrocumulus

A

Dappled

Small white flakes

Lines or groups

Ripples

27
Q

Name 2 vertically developed clouds

A

Cumulus

Cumulonimbus

28
Q

Cumulus

A

Sharply outlines

Puffy

Flat based
Swelling tops

29
Q

Cumulonimbus

A

Dense

Heavy

Massive

Dark thunderstorms

Hard showers

30
Q

Where to vertically developed clouds form

A

Near surface to 13,000m

Water below ice above

31
Q

Mammatus

A

Lumpy clouds

Pouches hanging bean each our

Basically Cumulonimbus taincloud

32
Q

Kelvin helmholtz pillows

A

Windy days

Unstable atmosphere

Mid high level

33
Q

Lenticular clouds

A

Stationary

Perpendicular to wind direct

Troposphere

Over mountains

Weather and Climate (4 decks)

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