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AWS > Cloud Practitioner Apps > Flashcards

Cloud Practitioner Apps Flashcards

1
Q

AWS EC2

A

OS System of Windows or Linux

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2
Q

AWS EC2 Scale Vertically

A

Optimize

Processor, Ram, Storage, Etc.

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3
Q

AWS EC2 Scale Horizontally

A

Add more EC2

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4
Q

AWS EC2 instance type

A 
General, 
Compute Optimized, 
Memory Optimized, 
Accelerated Computing (Graphic), 
Storage Optimized
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5
Q

Different Type of AWS EC2 Pricing

A 
On-Demand, 
Savings Plans, 
Reserved Instances, 
Spot Instances, 
Dedicated Hosts
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6
Q

On-Demand AWS EC2 Pricing

A

Pay as you use instances

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7
Q

Savings Plans AWS EC2 Pricing

A

1 to 3 years terms,
66% Discounts vs On-Demand,
Commitment to a consistent amount of usage

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8
Q

Reserved Instances Plans AWS EC2 Pricing

A

1 to 3 years terms,
72% Discounts vs On-Demand,
Commitment to specific capacity reservation in a specific availability zone

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9
Q

Spot Instances Plans AWS EC2 Pricing

A

90% Discounts vs On-Demand, when application doesn’t need constant running.
Has specific start and end times.
Good for testing applications and running specific one time computing needs

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10
Q

Dedicated Host Plan AWS EC2 Pricing

A 
Allow to use existing software licenses
Good for compliance requirement
Can be purchased w/ On-Demand 
OR
Reservation for up to 70% off  the On-Demand price
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11
Q

Scaling EC2

A

Scale server usage based on peak hours and non-peak hours (Can be automated)

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12
Q

Types of Auto Scaling EC2

A

Dynamic Scaling - Responds to changing demand

Predictive Scaling - Predicts ahead and assigns number of EC2

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13
Q

Elastic Load Balancing (ELB)

A

Host to direct traffic

Regional Construct

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14
Q

Amazon SQS (Simple Queue Service)

A

Queueing messages from application A in buffer zone until application B comes back online

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15
Q

Amazon SNS (Simple Notification Service)

A

messages placed until they are delivered

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16
Q

EC2 Still

A

Patching instances
Scaling Instances
Ensure EC2 at high availability

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17
Q

Container Orchestration Tools

A

manage containers of codes

AWS ECS and EKS

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18
Q

AWS Lambda

A

Serverless compute.

Runs code in response to events

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19
Q

AWS ECS (Elastic Compute Service)

A

Container Orchestration Service that helps deploy, manage, and scale containerized applications that runs on code.

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20
Q

AWS EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service)

A

Container Orchestration Service that helps run and scale Kubernetes application

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21
Q

AWS Global Infrastructure - Regions

A

Datacenters in the regions where in high demand

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22
Q

AWS Global Infrastructure - Availability Zone

A

Multiple zones in a AWS Region

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23
Q

AWS Edge Location Tools

A

AWS Cloud Front
AWS Route 53
AWS Outposts

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24
Q

AWS Cloud Front

A

CDN (Content Delivery Network) for users to gain access to the contents without having to wait a long time to connect to source

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25
Q

AWS Route 53

A

DNS (Domain Name System)
Translates web text addresses to IP addresses to croute end users to correct applications
(For example, users in Korea needs to access web page in Korean which will automatically detect based on the IP address of the end user)

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26
Q

AWS Outposts

A

Mini On-premise AWS server (Actual rack and hardware) for the applications need for low latency.

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27
Q

AWS Resources - API

A

Resource for applications to communicate w/ each other

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28
Q

AWS Resources - AWS Management Console

A

Test environments, view monitoring, work w/ non technical resources

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29
Q

AWS Resources - AWS Command Line Interface (CLI)

A

Control multiple AWS services from the command line and automate them through scripts.

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30
Q

AWS Resources - AWS Software Development Kits (SDK)

A

Interact w/ AWS resources through various programming languages

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31
Q

AWS Elastic Beanstalk

A

Deploys resources to adjust capacity, load balancing, automatic scaling, application health monitoring.
Can deploy repeatedly.
Can copy whole EC2 and paste to re-deploy

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32
Q

AWS Cloud Formation

A

Infrastructure as code tool used to define wide variety of AWS resources

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33
Q

AWS VPC (Virtual Private Cloud) features

A

Subnets, Internet Gateway, Virtual Private Gateway, AWS Direct Connect

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34
Q

Subnets

A

Control EC2 in VPC to be public or private

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35
Q

Internet Gateway

A

Doorway to VPC for public traffic

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36
Q

Virtual Private Gateway

A

Doorway to VPC for private traffic

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37
Q

AWS Direct Connect

A

Physical fiber optic line to connect directly to AWS

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38
Q

AWS VPC Security - Network Access Control List (ACL)

A

Subnet Security Level

Controls both input and output traffic from/to Subnet

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39
Q

AWS VPC Security - Security Group

A

Subnet Security level based on instances

Controls input traffic to Subnet only

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40
Q

AWS Global Networking - AWS Route 53

A

Translates text address to IP address to accommodate country specific websites based on the location of IP addresses

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41
Q

AWS Global networking - AWS CloudFront

A

A network that delivers edge content to users based on their geographic location

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42
Q

Instance Store Volumes

A

Storage that comes w/ EC2 but gets deleted when EC2 stops or terminated

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43
Q

AWS EBS (Elastic Block Store)

A

Can link to EC2 to store and access file quickly

Safely guard it by having it encrypted at rest and create EBS snapshots

44
Q

EBS Snapshots

A

Incremental backups for EBS

45
Q

AWS S3 Standard

A

99.999999999999999% durability

Frequent access

46
Q

AWS S3 IA (Infrequent Access)

A

Not accessed frequently
Requires long term storage
There is IA Standard for lower storage price than S3 Standard, but higher retrieval price.
IA One Zone which only stores the data in one zone (no copies or back up in other zones) and has lowest price in IA group

47
Q

AWS S3 Intelligent Tiering

A

Automation that detects the file access frequency and moves them between S3 Standard and S3 Standard IA to save cost.

48
Q

AWS S3 Glacier

A

Archiving Data to retrieve objects within a few minutes to hours
Can lock files to read only for compliance reasons

49
Q

AWS S3 Glacier Deep Archive

A

Lowest cost for archiving

Able to retrieve objects within 12 hours

50
Q

AWS S3 Lifecycle Management

A

Move data automatically between tiers based on file types and needs trigger point.

51
Q

EBS vs S3

A

Consider EBS as good hard drive size (Up to 16TB) with quick save options by using SSD. But if you need huge hard drive size (Unlimited Storage) just for saving files purposes, S3 will do that at cheaper rate.

52
Q

AWS EFS (Elastic File System)

A

Multiple instances access the data at the same time unlike EBS.
Allow access and storage scaling to be automatically adjusted when needed.
Only supports Linux file system.

53
Q

AWS RDS (Relational Database Service)

A

Best when data is related to one another
Supports SQL
AWS Aurora

54
Q

AWS DynamoDB

A

Serverless Database
Non-relational and no SQL database
Scales automatically and fast database
Upload data structured in key-value format

55
Q

AWS Redshift

A

compiles historical data for KPIs

Scalable

56
Q

AWS DMS (Database Migration Service)

A

Database migration w/ minimal downtime

Can do both homogeneous (SQL to SQL) and heterogenous (Convert & Migrate)

57
Q

AWS Document DB

A

No SQL but document based data migration service

58
Q

AWS Neptune

A

Graph database service

59
Q

AWS Managed Blockchain

A

Blockchain network database w/ open source frameworks

60
Q

AWS QLDB

A

Ledger database (Great for accounting)

61
Q

Amazon ElastiCache

A

Accelerator database by adding caching layers to improve read times of common requests

62
Q

Amazon Dynamo DB Accelerator (DAX)

A

In-memory Cache

Only for DynamoDB

63
Q

Share Responsibility

A

Customer control sharing IN the cloud (OS, Applications, Data related)
AWS control the sharing OF the cloud (Hypervisor, Network, physical hardware, etc)
In the end, it will depend on the services being used.

64
Q

AWS User Security

A

AWS Account Root user
MFA
AWS IAM Users

65
Q

AWS Account Root User

A

Very first account and able to access anything in AWS

66
Q

AWS IAM Users

A

Principle of least privilege (Starts w/ zero permission when created)

67
Q

IAM Groups

A

Attach users to pre-organized permission level

68
Q

IAM Policies

A

Policies allowing or denying permissions to perform certain functions in AWS

69
Q

IAM Roles

A

Roles are based on set period of time. (Temporary Permissions)
Great for outside vendors to perform projects within AWS at fixed period

70
Q

AWS Organzations

A

Central location to manage multiple AWS accounts

Get consolidated bill which will allow us to get volume discounts

71
Q

AWS Artifacts

A

Contains Compliance reports & agreements done by third-party

72
Q

Customer Compliance Center

A

Resources provided by AWS for compliance related

73
Q

Types of DDoS

A

UPD Flood - Overflow with traffic
HTTP attacks
Slowlories Attack

74
Q

AWS Shield w/ AWS WAF

A

Great for DDoS attack
AWS Shield Standard - Included in AWS
AWS Shield Advance - Paid service that details the DDoS attack and mitigate it.

75
Q

In Transit

A

SSL tunnel to transit data securely

76
Q

AWS KMS (Key Management Service)

A

Encrypting keys to protect them from exposure.

77
Q

AWS WAF

A

Web application firewall

78
Q

AWS Inspector

A

Security assessment service

79
Q

AWS GuardDuty

A

Review detailed findings in threat and take action

80
Q

AWS CloudWatch

A

Tracking & Monitoring metrics of the cloud system

Can set alarm by setting threshold on usage to get notification via SMS, emails

81
Q

AWS CloudTrail

A

API auditing Tool

Can help track down who took certain actions by logging the activities

82
Q

AWS TrustedAdvisor

A

Evaluate 5 pillars

  1. Cost Optimization
  2. Performance
  3. Security
  4. Fault Tolerance
  5. Service Limits
83
Q

AWS Free tier types

A
  1. Always Free
  2. 12 months Free
  3. Trials
84
Q

AWS Pricing Concepts

A

Pay for what you use
Pay less when you reserve
Pay lesser with volume

85
Q

AWS Budget

A

Can create budget in AWS system which can have trigger to send out notification when we are near the spending limit

86
Q

AWS Cost Explorer

A

Visual KPI to show how our money is being spent in AWS

87
Q

AWS Support Plan

A

Free Support
Developer Support
Business Support
Enterprise Support

88
Q

Developer Support

A

Can gain email access to customer support

89
Q

Business support

A

AWS Trusted Advisor

Direct phone access to Cloud Engineers

90
Q

Enterprise support

A

Technical Account Manager (TAM) to monitor and provide feedback on TrustedAdvisor five checks
Also provide scaling guidance by providing Infrastructure Event Management

91
Q

AWS Marketplace

A

Third party software catalog

92
Q

AWS Cloud Adaption Framework (CAF)

A

Help manage through the process of Migration in six areas

  1. Business
  2. People
  3. Governance
  4. Platform
  5. Security
  6. Operations
93
Q

Migration Strategy

A 
6R's 
Rehosting
Re Platforming
Retire
Retain
Repurchasing (Same license, different vendor)
Refactoring
94
Q

AWS Snowfamily

A

Snowcone - up to 8TB hard drive shipped to migrate database

Snowball - 
Compute Optimized (52 CPUs, 208GB ram, 42 TB Storage
Storage Optimized (40 CPUs, 80GB ram, 80TB Storage)

Snowmobile - up to 100PB storage (100,000 TB)

95
Q

Innovation with AWS products

A 
AWS SageMaker - custom AWS
AWS Augmented AI 
Amazon Lex - Alexa
Amazon Textract - Extract text and data
AWS DeepRacer - Machine Learning
Internet of Things - IoT
AWS Ground Station - Lease AWS satellite
96
Q

AWS Managed Services

A 
Amazon EMR (Elastic MapReduce)
AWS DynamoDB
AWS Lambda
AWS RDS
AWS Redshift
AWS CloudFront
97
Q

AWS Quick Start reference deployments

A

To deploy popular technologies on AWS w/ least amount of effort and time

98
Q

AWS customers penetration test

A 
No prior approval on
Amazon EC2, NAT gateways, ELB
RDS
CloudFront
Aurora
API Gateways
Lambda
Lighsail
Elastic Beanstalk
99
Q

EC2 Convertible RI (Reserved Instance)

A

Allow company to exchange the purchased reserved instance for another reserved instance w/ higher computing power.

100
Q

AWS Personal Health Dashboard

A

Personalized view of AWS service health
Detailed troubleshooting guidance to address AWS events impacting your resources
Proactive notifications

101
Q

AWS Abuse Team

A 
Spam
Port Scanning
DDos
Intrusion Attempts
Hosting objectionable or copyrighted content
Distributing Malware
102
Q

Amazon Aurora

A

MySQL and PostgreSQL relational database built for cloud

103
Q

Implement Elasticity

A

AWS cloud best practice to dynamically to reduce cost by adjusting compute capacity

104
Q

Shared Controls by both AWS and customers

A

Patch Management
Configuration Management
Awareness & Training

105
Q

AWS Three Cloud Computing Models

A

IaaS
PaaS
SaaS

106
Q

Application w/ highest level of availability

A

Deploy the application across multiple regions and availability zones.

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