Cloud Concepts Flashcards
What is Cloud Computing?
The delivery of data, CPU resources over the internet
What does “On Premises” mean?
- You own and maintain the servers
- You pay the rent or real-state
What are the benefits of cloud computing? (7)
- Cost Effective
- Global (Multiple regions)
- Secure
- Reliable
- Scalable
- Elastic
- Current
Why are CSP Cost Effective ?
They spread the costs of the servers between multiple customers. So you only pay for what you use.
What does Global mean for CSP?
You can deploy your services on multiple regions if you have users in various parts of the world
Why are CSP secure?
A lot of money is invested by CSP to make their resources secure by default
What is Reliability?
Cloud resources have SLAs which guarantee you that your resource is going to be running “99,99%” of the time.
What is an SLA?
Service Level Agreement. Is the percentage of time that the CSP ensures you your resource is going to be up during the month.
What is Scalability?
The capacity of allocating more resources or servers to increase the workload that your resource can manage.
What is Elasticity?
The automation of Scalability to scale in/out as you need.
Why are CSP resources considered current?
They take care of patching and updating software to the latest versions.
What is SaaS?
Software as a Service is a model in which you only use the software but don’t have to worry about the development or maintenance of the service. Examples are Office 365, gmail and salesforce
What is PaaS?
Platform as a Service is a model in which developers don’t have to worry about the configuration of OS. At this layer you only worry about the development and maintenance of your service.
What is IaaS?
Infrastructure as a Service is a model in which SysAdmins don’t have to worry about maintaining the physical hardware. But they do have to manually update OS and the software contained on the machine.
Which type of Cloud Computing has to handle these:
Applications Data Runtime Middleware OS Virtualization Servers Storage Networking
On Premises
In which type of Cloud Computing you have to handle these:
Applications Data Runtime Middleware OS
IaaS
In which type of Cloud Computing you have to handle these
Applications
Data
PaaS
In which type of Cloud Computing you don't have to worry by any of these Applications Data Runtime Middleware OS Virtualization Servers Storage Networking
SaaS
What is Public Cloud?
Is a third company that provides you with the resources you need for a pay as you go model. For example, Azure
What is Private Cloud?
Is when you run everything On Premises
What is Hybrid Cloud?
Is the combination between Public and Private Cloud, this can be used when some resources have different requirements that are best suited with Public/Private model
Which type of Cloud is most cost effective?
Public Cloud
With which type of Cloud Models can you meet every security requirement?
Private or Hybrid Cloud can meet every security requirement.
If you wanted to have absolute control over configuration which cloud models are best?
Private or Hybrid Cloud.
Which Cloud Model requires least technical knowledge to deploy?
Public Cloud requires the least technical knowledge
What is CapEx?
Capital Expenditure refers to when you need to buy physical hardware like servers upfront before being able to set your computing resources. You can deduct taxes in this model
What is OpEx?
Operation Expenditure refers to the model where you pay as you go, depending on the resources you consume the metrics can be different but, they are what determines the final cost
What are the advantages of using OpEx instead of CapEx?
You don’t have to spend a lot of money upfront to deploy a service, and there are studies which show that companies can save up to 75% of their costs this way.
What is High Availability?
Is the ability of a resource to avoid having a single point of failure, and being available for a determined amount of time.
What is Azure Load Balancer?
Is an Azure Resources that ensures that multiple instances of a Resource receive the same amount of workload. And if one of them fails it redistributes the load
What is Vertical Scaling?
Is adding more resources to the same machine, or acquiring a new server which is more powerful.
What is Horizontal Scaling?
Is adding more identical servers to balance the load between them
What is scaling in?
Vertical. Removing servers, usually happens when you get fewer requests
What is scaling out?
Vertical. Adding more servers, usually happens when you get more requests
What is Fault Tolerance?
The ability carry on after a failure happens on your service
What is High Durability?
The ability to recover from a disaster and prevent data loss
What is dedicated server?
Is a server that you buy solely for the purposes of your company and only you use it. Usually there is wasted resources here, and scaling is harder
What is a VM?
Is the emulation of a physical computer within a server. Usually multiple VMs can run under one server so you share with other customers. There is still some wasted space as you need to select the size of your VM
What is a Container?
It isolates an application within its own OS. Multiple containers can run on a VM, and they’re more cost-effective, with no wasted space.
What are Functions?
Instead of running a whole application, with functions you only need to worry for small pieces of code and you’re only charged by how many times your code is executed.
What is a Geography?
Is usually a country that offers Data Residency and Data Compliance, which means that your data will stay on a certain country.
What is an Azure Region?
An Azure Region is within a Geography, and has one or more Availability Zones
What are Pair Regions?
Each region has a pair that is almost 300 miles away, this is to prevent natural disaster on both regions. And offer a way for backups
What is an Azure Recommended Region?
- Provide the broadest range of resources
- Designed to support Availability Zones
What is an Azure Alternate Region?
- extends the footprint of Azure services within a data residency boundary.
- A Recommended region would also exist in that boundary.
- not designed to support Availability Zones in Azure
- is labeled as Other in the Azure Portal.
What is General Availability (GA)?
Is when an Azure resource is ready to be used by everyone
What are Zonal Services?
- Replicates applications and data to one or more zones within the region
- Resources can be pinned to a specific zone
What are Zone Redundant Services?
Resources are replicated or distributed across zones automatically
What are Always-available services?
- Always available across all Azure geographies
- Resilient to zone-wide outages and region-wide outages.
What are Foundational services?
- Available in all recommended and alternate regions when a region is Generally Available, or within 90 days of a new foundational service becoming generally available
What are Mainstream services?
Available in all recommended regions within 90 days of a region’s general availability. Mainstream services are demand-driven in alternate regions, and many are already deployed into a large subset of alternate regions.
What are Strategic services?
Targeted service offerings, often industry-focused or backed by customized hardware. Strategic services are demand-driven for availability across regions, and many are already deployed into a large subset of recommended regions.
What is an Availability Zone?
- Physical location made of one or more data centers
What is a data center?
It’s a secured building with hundreds of computers
What is a Fault Domain?
- Logical grouping of servers to avoid a single point of failure within an Availability Zone
- This machines share a network switch and power source
What is an Update Domain?
Is to ensure that there is no down time when an update happens
