Cloud Computing Flashcards
What is Cloud Computing?
One demand delivery of compute, database storage, applications and other IT resources through a cloud services platform via the Internet with pay as you go pricing
What are the 6 advantages of Cloud computing?
1) Trade capital expense for variable expense: instead of initial investment in hardware before knowing requirements, you can pay when you consume without the need for contracts
2) Benefit from massive economies of scale: due to the purchasing power of Amazon
3) Stop guessing about capacity: cloud scales meaning you don’t waste money guessing about capacity
4) Increase speed and agility: possible to get a company up and running in a couple of weeks
5) Stop spending money running and maintaining data centers: focus on what you are good at
6) Go global in minutes: deploy your applications in multiple regions around the world in a few clicks, providing lower latency and better experience for low cost
What are the 3 types of cloud computing?
1) IAAS: You manage the server (physical or virtual) and OS. The data center provider has no access to your server (EC2)
2) PAAS: Someone else manages underlying hardware and operating systems (patching, maintenance) and you focus on your applications (Elastic Beanstalk)
3) SAAS: All you do is manage the software (Gmail)
What are the 3 types of cloud computing deployments?
1) Public Cloud (AWS, Azure, GCP)
2) Hybrid
3) Private/ On premise (you manage in your own datacenter e.g Openstack, Vmware)
Most organisations do private or hybrid, but big shift to cloud
Name the AWS compute services (8)
EC2 Lightsail Lambda Batch Elastic Beanstalk Serverless application repository AWS outposts EC2 image builder
Name the AWS storage services (6)
S3 EFS FSx S3 Glacier Storage Gateway AWS Backup
Name the AWS database services (8)
RDS Dynamo DB ElastiCache Neptune (graph) Amazon Redshift (data warehousing) Amazon QLDB (Quantum ledger tracking application change) Amazon Document DB Amazon Keyspaces
Name the AWS Migration and Transfer services (7)
AWS migration hub (single location to track migration)
Application discovery service (gathers info on on-prem servers for migration planning)
Database migration service
Server Migration Service
AWS transfer family
AWS snow family
DataSync (move data between on prem to S3, EFS, FSx etc)
Name the AWS network and content delivery services (8)
VPC
CloudFront
Route 53
API Gateway
Direct Connect (establish private connection between AWS and DB)
AWS App mesh (networking service for communication between apps (meshes them together))
AWS Cloud Map (cloud resource discovery service)
Global Accelerator
Name the AWS security, identity and compliance services (17)
IAM resource Access Maager Cognito Secrets Manager GuardDuty Inspector Amazon Macie AWS Single Sign-On Certificate Manager Key Management Service CloudHSM Directory Service WAF & AWS Shield AWS Firewall Manager Artifact Security Hub Detective
Name the AWS Cost Management services (3)
AWS Cost Explorer
AWS Budgets
AWS Marketplace subscriptions
Why learn AWS?
In 019, 11.3% of total market spend was on cloud, and Amazon make up 47% of public cloud market share
Which of the following does Amazon assure will happen when paying for AWS on an as-needed basis?
Redirecting focus to innovation and invention
Reducing procurement complexity
Spending less money in the long term
Spending more money in the long term
Enabling the full elasticity of business operations
Redirecting focus to innovation and invention
Reducing procurement complexity
Enabling the full elasticity of business operations
A mobile shopping list app needs to be able to add, delete, and update items on specific lists anytime a user desires. The backend for the app will run on Amazon EC2 instances with Auto Scaling to manage fluctuations in user demand. Many times, a user will perform maintenance on many list items in a single session. What design characteristic must be incorporated into the app for these requirements to be met?
Use bootstrapping on the EC2 instances
Leverage load balancing to distribute transactions to multiple nodes
Make sure the app doesn’t need knowledge of previous transactions
Implement session affinity
In order for horizontal scaling to be effective, you’ll want to make sure the app doesn’t store previous transaction or session information on specific EC2 instances. That way, any EC2 instance provisioned by Auto Scaling can process the request. Leveraging load balancing is also a good practice, but doesn’t address the need for a stateless app. Session affinity goes the other direction, directing a load balancer to route transactions to a specific instance each time. Bootstrapping runs scripts each time an EC2 instance is provisioned
Which of the following best describes a system that is always online — without the need for human intervention?
Fault Tolerant
Elastic
Scalable
Highly Available
Highly Available
You have an application load balancer for routing traffic from developers to the EC2 instance that contains a web application being put into operation. To prepare for the application going live for public use, you add an Auto Scaling Group and a second application load balancer to route web traffic from customers to the EC2 instance. The addition is an example of which of the following:
Elasticity
Durability
Scalability
Reliability
Scalability
This is an example of scalability, which means that systems are expected to grow over time with no drop in performance
Which of the following best describes a system that will remain operational even in the event of a component failure?
Elastic
Scalable
Fault-tolerant
Highly Available
Fault-tolerant
Adding resources to your application as user demand grows is an example of which cloud concept?
High Availability
Elasticity
Scalability
Automation
Scalability
Scalability is the concept that as cloud has essentially limitless capacity, it allows you to expand out as needed - as detailed in the question. Automation relates to simplyfying common repeated tasks and removing the human element. Although elasticity (the ability to go up and down in resources as needed) is related, this question specifically ask for in in response to user demand, which is closer to Scalability. High Availability relates to the ability of your application to withstand failures in Cloud Infrastructure.
