Cloud Computing Flashcards
What are the main parts of a URL?
- Protocol (or scheme): https://
- Hostname (or domain): www.example.com
- Port: :80 (default for HTTP) or :443 (default for HTTPS)
- Path (or page): /path/to/page.
What is a packet route?
The sequence of router IPs a packet traverses to reach its destination.
What is the relationship between hostnames and IP addresses?
Hostnames (domains) are human-readable names mapped to IP addresses through DNS.
What does an A record do in DNS?
Maps a hostname to an IPv4 address.
What does an AAAA record do in DNS?
Maps a hostname to an IPv6 address.
What is the role of a registrar?
Registers domain names and manages their mapping to DNS records.
How much does an IPv4 address cost?
$30–50.
What is the approximate cost of a domain?
$5–20 per year.
How much does outbound traffic cost?
$50–100 per TB.
What is the cost of an HTTPS certificate?
Typically $0 (e.g., via Let’s Encrypt).
What is the role of AWS EC2?
Provides virtual machines (instances) for running applications.
What is an Elastic IP?
A static IPv4 address rented for use with AWS instances.
What does “instance type” refer to in AWS?
The hardware configuration of an EC2 instance, including CPU, memory, and storage.
What are burstable CPUs in AWS?
CPUs that can temporarily exceed their baseline performance by using accrued credits during periods of low activity.
What does Linux do in cloud deployments?
Provides the operating system for running server applications.
What is the purpose of SystemD?
Manages services and processes on Linux systems.
What is APT used for?
Installs and manages software packages on Debian-based Linux systems.
What does SSH do?
Provides secure remote terminal access to servers.
What is JournalCtl?
A tool for viewing and querying system logs.
What is the role of the gateway server?
Acts as the public-facing server that handles incoming requests and routes them to internal services.
What is the purpose of the ALLOWED_HOSTS setting in Django?
Restricts which domains/IPs can access the application, enhancing security in production.
What does RPS stand for, and what are typical values for different instances?
RPS stands for Requests Per Second.
- Smaller instance (t3.medium): 10–30 RPS.
- Larger instance (c5.large): 100–200 RPS.
What is an AMI in AWS?
Amazon Machine Image, a preconfigured template for launching EC2 instances.
What is auto-scaling?
Automatically adjusts the number of running instances based on traffic or server load.
