cloning and biotech

Question 1

lactobacillus bulgaricus and streptococcus thermophilus are what type of bacteria?

Answer 1

lactic acid bacteria

Question 2

what does acidity do to the milk proteins?

Answer 2

dentures causing them to coagulate

Question 3

what else does fermentation add to the milk?

Answer 3

flavours

Question 4

what are probiotics?

Answer 4

stimulate immune system and improve digestion of lactose

Question 5

what is the bacterium used in cheese making?

Answer 5

lactobassilicus

Question 6

what sugar does this bacterium feed on (lactobacillus)?

Answer 6

lactose

Question 7

what is the purpose of lactobacillus in cheese making?

Answer 7

prevent growth of unwanted bacteria

Question 8

where does rennet come from naturally?

Answer 8

stomach of young mammals

Question 9

what enzyme does rennet contain?

Answer 9

chymosin

Question 10

what is the milk protein called?

Answer 10

caesin

Question 11

what is the soluble form of caesin?

Answer 11

kappa- caesin

Question 12

what does chymosin do to kappa- caesin?

Answer 12

converts to casein which is insoluable

Question 13

which ions bind the casein molecules together?

Answer 13

Ca 2+

Question 14

name three methods for separating the curd from the whey

Answer 14

cutting, stirring and heating

Question 15

what is added to produce blue cheese?

Answer 15

penecillin

Question 16

what type of respiration does yeast mainly carry out?

Answer 16

anaerobic

Question 17

what are the products of yeast respiration?

Answer 17

CO2, ethanol

Question 18

what causes the dough to rise

Answer 18

CO2

Question 19

why does eating bread not make you drunk?

Answer 19

the alcohol evaporates in the oven

Question 20

what is the yeast in wine brewing called ?

Answer 20

s. cerevisiae

Question 21

where does s. cerevisiae grow naturally?

Answer 21

on the skin of grapes

Question 22

what are the two sugars contained in grapes?

Answer 22

fructose and glucose

Question 23

what are the products of wine fermentation?

Answer 23

co2 and ethanol

Question 24

which grains are used to make beer?

Answer 24

barley

Question 25

why are the grains allowed to germinate for a few days before being killed?

Answer 25

amylase converts starch to maltose

Question 26

what is the purpose of drying the grains after they have germinated?

Answer 26

to stop maltose being used by seedlings, it would have no sugar to turn to alcohol

Question 27

what do we called germinated dried barley grains?

Answer 27

malt

Question 28

what is the enzyme that breaks down starch?

Answer 28

amylase

Question 29

what is the sugar produced when amylase works?

Answer 29

maltose

Question 30

what happens when yeast and water are added to the malt?

Answer 30

fermentation can begin

Question 31

what is the substrate?

Answer 31

maltose

Question 32

what are the products

Answer 32

ethanol and co2

Question 33

what part of the plant do hops come from?

Answer 33

flower bud

Question 34

why are hops added?

Answer 34

for flavour and to act as a preservative

Question 35

what taste do hops have?

Answer 35

bitter

Question 36

what flavour would beer have without hops?

Answer 36

sweet

Question 37

what fungus is used to make quorn?

Answer 37

fusarium

Question 38

give two advantages of quorn

Answer 38

no animal fat/ cholesterol
very high in protein

Question 39

why may quorn be not as good as animal or plant protein?

Answer 39

different amino acid profile, no methionine