Cloning Flashcards
What is tissue culture?
Where you take a few plant cells and grow them into new plants (clones of the parent cells)
How do you make animal cloning?
By using Embryo transplants
How dose embryo transplant work?
Animals are mated eg bull and cow. An embryo develops, the embryo is then split many times before any cells become specialised (able to do certain jobs) embryos are then put into wombs (Implanted into a lot of cows) the embryos are clones so all the baby calf will be the same.
What is adult cloning?
Another way to make a clone
How dose adult cloning work?
You take a unfertilised egg cell and remove the nucleus. The nucleus from a adult body cell is put into the empty egg cell. An electric shock makes the egg cell divide. When the embryo is a ball of cells its implanted into a womb of a adult female. The embryo grows into a clone of the original adult body cell.
What are problems about cloning?
If the cloned organisms all have the same genes and a disease appears they could all be wiped out.
Cloned animals might not be as healthy as normal ones.
What are advantages of cloning
It can quickly get you a lot of ideal offspring.
Studying clones could help understand some diseases.
How can plant cells be cloned?
From cuttings and by tissue cuttings
What is meiosis?
It is a cell division that makes sex cells (sperm cell and egg cells) and half’s the number of chromosomes. Making them different from the daughter cells in mitosis. This happenes in overies and and testies
What is mitosis?
It produces clones as the daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Making them exact copies. The paren cell splits into two daughter cells. This is important for the repair of damaged tissues.
