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Locomotor > Clinicals > Flashcards

Clinicals Flashcards

1
Q

Kyphosis

A

Kyphosis is a curving of the spine that causes a bowing or rounding of the back, which leads to a hunchback or slouching posture.

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2
Q

Antalgic gait

A

Antalgic gait is a form of gait abnormality where the stance phase of gait is abnormally shortened relative to the swing phase. It can be a good indication of pain with weight-bearing.[1]

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3
Q

TOMEO

A 
tTumor screening
tOsteopenia screening
tMarrow screening
tEndocrine screening
tOsteomalacia screening
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4
Q

Laboratory test for TOMEO

A 
FBC, Chemistries
Serum electrophoresis 
Bence Jones proteins (MM)
Thyroid function tests
Diabetes evaluation
Tc bone scan (metastases?)
CT, MRI
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5
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Osteoporosis is a disease of bones that leads to an increased risk of fracture

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6
Q

Osteoporosis is usually found where?

A

Shoulder, wrist, hip, vertebrae

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7
Q

Risk factors of osteoporosis

A 
Early menopause
Cigarette smoking
Ex caffeine
Ex alcohol
Exercise induced amenorrhea 
Inactivity
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8
Q

Dietary requires for osteoporosis

A

High fibre
High protein
High phosphate

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9
Q

Treatment for osteoporosis

A

Increase bone mass: calcium 1500 mg, vit d 400 units
Di phosphates, fluoride.
Decrease bone loss: calcitonin ( decrease osteoclasts ), estrogen and progestin.
Exercising

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10
Q

Which drug can be given for osteoporosis ?

A

Fosamax or alendronate

Oral increase bone mass

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11
Q

Contraindications of taking estrogen and progesterone

A

History of breast cancer
Thromboembolism
Endometrial disease

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12
Q

Osteomalacia (adult rickets)

A

Vit D deficiency, dietary malabsorption , impaired vit d synthesis , liver, renal, hypophosphatemia.

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13
Q

Looser’s zones

A

Osteomalacia

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14
Q

Rx for osteomalacia

A

1000 iu of weekly vit d for 4-6 weeks

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15
Q

Malignant tumors are

A

Poorly defined cortical breakthrough

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16
Q

Punched out lesions are seen in

A

Mm

17
Q

Testing for multiple myeloma

A

Bence jones and serum protein electrophoresis

18
Q

Codman’s triangle is seen also in

A

Osteomyelitis

19
Q

Cumulative trauma is seen as an occupational hazard in?

A

Hairdressers, computer keyboard , heavy duty equipment users

20
Q

Treatment for carpal tunnel

A

NSAIDS, brace, steroid injection, surgery

21
Q

Test for carpel tunnel

A

Tinnel test, phalen test

22
Q

Tinnels test

A

Tinel’s Sign
Tinel’s test is performed by tapping the median nerve along its course in the wrist. A positive test is found when this causes worsening of the tingling in the fingers when the nerve is tapped.

23
Q

Phalen test

A

Phalen’s test is done by pushing the back of your hands together for one minute. This compresses the carpal tunnel and is also positive when it causes the same symptoms you have been experiencing with your carpal tunnel syndrom

24
Q

Sub-acromial causes

A

Arthritis, anatomy, shape of bones

External factors, sports, work activity

25
Q

Muscles involved in tennis elbow

A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis and longus

26
Q

Treatment for tennis elbow

A

Bracing, steroid injection, surgery, NSAID

27
Q

Symptoms of degenerative osteoarthritis

A

Joint space narrowing, sclerosis , subchrondral cyst, osteophytes, joint deformity,

28
Q

Treatment of arthritis

A

Analgesics , steroid joint arthritis

29
Q

Inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis

A

Auto immune, poly arthritis, Abnormal Ig,

30
Q

Treatment of RA

A

Analgesics, splinting, methyltrexate , prednisone

31
Q

Club foot

A

Chance of having a club foot is twice as likely if a parent or other sibling has it

32
Q

Clinical of club foot

A

The involved foot, calf, and leg are smaller and shorter than the normal
Heel virus
Tight Achilles causing equinnua deformity of heel and foot

Locomotor (6 decks)

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