Clinically Relevant Anatomy Flashcards
What structure does the posterior superior alveolar nerve supply? (6)
- Second and third molars,
- Distobuccal and palatal cusps of the first molar
- Adjacent gingiva to teeth
- Mucosa
- Periodontium
- Buccal alveolar bone
What structure does the middle superior alveolar nerve supply? (6)
- Mesiobuccal cusps of first molar
- Premolars
- Adjacent gingiva to teeth
- Mucosa
- Periodontium
- Alveolar bone
What structure does the anterior superior alveolar nerve supply? (6)
- Canines
- Incisors
- Adjacent buccal gingiva to teeth
- Mucosa
- Periodontium
- Buccal alveolar bone
What structure does the greater palatine nerve supply? (2)
- Palatal mucosa
- Bone adjacent to incisors and canines
What structure does the lesser palatine nerve supply? (2)
- Soft palate
- Uvula
What structure does the nasopalatine nerve supply? (2)
- Palatal mucosa
- Bone adjacent to molars, premolars and canines
Where does the nasopalatine nerve exit the maxilla?
Incisive papilla
Where do the greater and lesser palatine nerve exit the maxilla?
Greater and Lesser palatine foramen
How much and where is LA used in palatal infiltrations?
0.2 ml distal to tooth
Where should LA of the 3rd molar be carried out?
Anterior aspect of the tooth
Which nerve supplies need LA in extractions?
Extractions requires anaesthesia of both buccal and palatal or nerve supply
Which nerve supplies need LA in restorations?
Main nerve supply (buccal)
What are the branches of the mandibular nerve which are important to LA (8)
- Mandibular nerves
- Auriculotemporal nerve
- Lingual nerves
- Inferior alveolar nerve
- Mylohyoid nerve
- Inferior alveolar nerve
- Mental nerve
- Incisive nerve
What structure does the inferior alveolar nerve supply? (2)
- Mandibular teeth
- Alveolus
What structure does the long buccal nerve supply? (2)
- Buccal gingiva
- Mucosa opposite
What structure does the mental nerve supply?
Buccal gingiva and mucosa opposite premolars, canine and incisors, skin and
mucosa and the lower lip and chin
What structure does the lingual nerve supply? (4)
- Anterior 2/3 of tongue
- Gingiva
- Mucosa
- Floor of mouth
What is the inferior alveolar block used for?
Why is it used?
Teeth in the mandible where cortical plate is too thick for infiltration
What are some advantages of infiltrations? (2)
- Simple techniques
- Anaesthetised all nerve endings in area
What are some disadvantages of infiltrations? (3)
- LA must diffuses through bone
- Localised infection may be spread if an inflamed area is infiltrated
- Only a limited zone
of anaesthesia per
injection
What are some advantages of nerve blocks? (3)
- Anaesthetic delivered to major nerve
- Blocks all sensation downstream of injection site
- More proximal the block, the greater
What are some disadvantages of nerve blocks? (4)
- Regional blocks require complete knowledge of the anatomy (more challenging)
- Produce excessive soft tissue anaesthesia
- May cause haemorrhage in patients with bleeding disorders
- Potential for injury to a nerve trunk
What is the space where you deposit LA for an inferior alveolar nerve block called?
Pterygomandibular space
Describe what is;
Posterior Lateral Medial & Inferior Superior Anterior
To the Pterygomandibular space
- Posterior: Parotid gland
- Laterally: Ramus
- Medially & inferiorly: Medial pterygoid muscle
- Superiorly: Lateral
pterygoid muscle
Anteriorly: Buccinator muscle
