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Clinical Therapeutics Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Mechanism of Action of Aspirin
What is it used for
Side Effects

A

COX inhibitor, which impairs transformation of arachidonic acid which decreases prostaglandins, decreases thromboxane A2 and finally DECREASES PLATELET AGGREGATION (Irreversible!)

Used for Analgesia, Prophylaxis for AMI/TIA/CVA, Acute Coronary Syndrome

SE: Dyspepsia, GI Bleed, Reye’s Syndrome (kids with viral infection), Ringing of ears (SNHL), Bronchospasms in asthma

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2
Q

What is the Mechanism of Action of Clopidogrel
What is it used for
Side Effects

A

Irreversible Platelet Binding
Used for Cardiac Stents, TIA
SE: Brusing/Bleeding, TTP

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3
Q

What is the Mechanism of Action of Warfarin
What is it used for
What are things to be careful with use of Warfarin
Side Effects

A

Inhibits Vitamin K, which is needed for clotting cascade (Factors 2, 7, 9 and 10, Protein C and S)

Used to prevent and treat Thrombosis, Embolisms (DVT, A.Fib)

Need to measure INR (INR>10 leads to non-life threatening hemorrhage)
Reversible with administration of IV Vitamin K plus FFP
Careful with use with Antibiotics, as many interfere

SE: Bleeding/Hemorrhage, Purple Toe Syndrome, Skin Necrosis, Teratogenic

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4
Q

What is the Mechanism of Action of Unfractionated Heparin
What is it used for
What are things to be careful with use of UF
Side Effects

A

Indirect Thrombin Inhibitor

Need to monitor platelets, aPTT
Reversible by lowering dose or stopping Heparin
If need fast reversal give Protamine

Used for DVT prophylaxis, Systemic Anticoagulation

SE: Bleeding/Hemorrhage, Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

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5
Q

What are examples of Low Molecular Weight Heparin
What is the Mechanism of Action of Low Molecular Weight Heparin
What is it used for
What are things to be careful with use of LMWH
Side Effects

A

Enoxaparin, Dalteparin
Inactivates Factor 10

No need to measure PT/PTT
If need fast reversible give Protamine

Used for DVT Prophylaxis and DVT/PE treatment, Acute Coronary Syndrome

SE: Pain at injection site, Hemorrhage (less so than with Heparin), Thrombocytopenia (less so than with Heparin)

Enoxaparin is Category B in pregnancy - so ok to use!

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6
Q

What are examples of HMG-COA Reductase Inhibitors
What is the MOA
What is it used for
What are side Effects

A

STATINS! Atorvastatin, Simvastatin

Inhibit HMG-COA Reducate which in turn leads to DECREASED SERUM LDL

Used for High LDL (usually >190), pts at risk like DM, AMI

SE: Myalgias that can lead to Myopathy, Hepatotoxicity, Increased blood glucose

CATEGORY X IN PREGNANCY

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7
Q

What are examples of Fibrates
What is the MOA
What is it used for
What are side Effects

A

Gemfibrozil, Fenofibrate

Used for high Triglycerides

SE: Hepatotoxicity, Myopathy

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8
Q

What are examples of Niacin
What is the MOA
What is it used for
What are side Effects

A

Nicotinic Acid, Nicotinamide

Used to lower LDL, increases HDL, lowers TRG

SE: Flushing, Hepatotoxic,

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9
Q

What are important interactions to watch for with Anti-Arrhythmics

A

Avoid other QT prolongators like Macrolides
Metabolized by CYP3A4 or 2D6
Careful with drugs that cause hyopkalemia/hypomagnesemia

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10
Q

What are important side effects with Anti-Arrhythmics

A

QT Prolongation

Careful use in patients with bradycardia and heart blocks

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11
Q

What are Class I Anti-Arrhythmics

What do they do

A

Modulate or Block Sodium Channels

Quinidine, Procainamide, Lidocaine, Propafenone

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12
Q

What are Class II Anti-Arrhythmics

What do they do

A

Inhibit Sympathetic Activity

Beta-Blockers

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13
Q

What are Class III Anti-Arrhythmics
What do they do
Side Effects

A

Block Potassium Channels
Amiodarone
Side Effects: Bradycardia, AV Nodal Block, Thyroid Toxicity, Photosensitivity

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14
Q

What are Class IV Anti-Arrhythmics
What do they do
Side Effects

A

Block Calcium Channels
Verapamil, Diltiazem

SE: Hypotension, Bradycardia, Negative Ionotrope, Peripheral Edema, Headache, Constipation

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15
Q

What is Amiodarone used for

A

Life-Threatening Arrhythmias
Atrial Fibrilliation
Careful with use with other QT prolongating drugs

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16
Q

What id Diltiazem and Verapamil used for

A

Non-Dihydropyridine CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

Used for SVT, A.Fib, HTN (especially in AA)

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17
Q

What is Digoxin

Side Effects

A

Rate Control in A.Fib
Used for Heart Failure Sx

SE: Rhythm distrubances (PVC), Yellow/Green or blurred vision

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18
Q 
How do Loop Diuretics Work
What is an example
What are they used for
Caution with
SE
A

Furosemide
Interferes with Na/K exchange in ASCENDING Loop of Henle by inhibiting Na/K-ATPase

Used for Heart Failure or Acute Hypercalcemia

Caution with Hypotension or other anti-HTN, Digoxin and Lithium Toxicity

SE: Hypokaelmia, Orthostatic Hypotension, Glucose Intolerance, Hyperuricemia

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19
Q 
How do Thiazides work
What is an example
What are they used for
Caution with
SE
A

Hydrochlorothiazide
Interferes with Na/K exchange in DISTAL Convoluted Tube by inhibiting Na/K-ATPase

Used for Essential HTN

Caution with Hypotension or other anti-HTN, Digoxin and Lithium Toxicity

SE: Hypokaelmia, Orthostatic Hypotension, Glucose Intolerance, Hyperuricemia

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20
Q 
How do Potassium Sparing Diuretics work
What is an example
What are they used for
Caution with
SE
A

Spironolactone, Eplerenone, Amiloride

Used for Mineralcorticoid Excess (Primary Aldosteronism), HF, Hepatic Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome

Careful with use with drugs that retain Potassium like ACE/ARB

SE: Hyperkalemia, Teratogenic, Painful Gynecomastia, Decreased Libido

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21
Q 
How do ACE-Inhibitors work
What is an example
What are they used for
Caution with
SE
A

Lisinopril, Enalapril
Vasodilates efferent nodules, which decreases glomerular pressure

Used for HTN, Systolic HF, DM and Chronic Kidney Disease

Careful with other meds that retain Potassium

SE: Cough, Hyperkaelmia, Angioedema, Birth Defects
DONT USE IN PREGNANCY

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22
Q 
How do Angiotensin-II Receptor Blockers work
What is an example
What are they used for
Caution with
SE
A

Losartan, Valsartan

Used for HTN, Systolic HF, DM, and Chronic Kidney Disease

Careful with other meds that retain Potassium

SE: NO COUGH, Hyperkalemia, Angioedema, Birth Defects

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23
Q 
How do Alpha-Adrenergic Blockers Work
What is an example
What are they used for
Caution with
SE
A

Prazosin, Terazosin, Doxazosin
Selective Alpha1 Blockers which leads to decreased arterial pressure by vasodilation

Used in HTN, BPH

Careful with hypotension and other vasodilating agents (nitrates)

SE: Postural Hypotension (titrate the drug), Sedation/Fatigue, Nasal Congestion

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24
Q 
How do Beta-Blockers Work
What is an example
What are they used for
Caution with
SE
A

Competitive Inhibitors of Catecholamines at Beta-Receptors

Non-Beta1 Selective: Propranolol (can cause bronchospasms so careful with use in asthma, COPD)
Beta1-Selective: Metoprolol, Atenolol
Beta and Alpha Blockers: Cavedilol
Used for HTN, Angina, AMI, HF, A.Fib

Careful with use with CCB (additive effect)

SE: Bradycardia, Bronchospasms, Erectile Dysfunction, Exercise Intolerance

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25
``` How do Calcium Channel Blockers Work What is an example What are they used for Caution with SE ```
Nifedipine, Amlodipine Inhibit L-Type Calcium Channel which leads to Vasodilation Used in HTN, Angina, Raynaud's Phenomenon Careful with hypotension and other anti-hypertensives and vasodilators SE: Headache, Dizziness, Peripheral Edema GINGIVAL HYPERPALSIA WITH NIFEDIPINE
26
What are examples of Short Acting Beta2-Agonists, how do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Albuterol, Levalbuterol Used for asthma and COPD, they bronchodilate SE: Tachycardia, Palpitations, Tremor
27
What are examples of Long Acting Beta2-Agonists, how do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Salmeterol, Formoterol Maintenance meds for Asthma and COPD, they bronchodilate Contraindicated as solo therapy in asthma SE: Tachycardia, Palpitations, Tremor
28
What are examples of Short Acting Inhaled Anticholinergics and how do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Ipratropium (-ium drugs) Used for COPD SE: Dry mouth, Pharyngeal Irritation, urinary retenion, Increased Intraocular Pressure Caution use in patients with Glaucoma and BPH
29
What are examples of Long Acting Inhaled Anticholinergics What are they used for Side Effects
Tiotropium (Spiriva), Aclindinium Used for Bronchospasms associated with COPD SE: Dry mouth, Pharyngeal Irritation, urinary retenion, Increased Intraocular Pressure Caution use in patients with Glaucoma and BPH
30
What are examples of Inhaled Corticosteroids, how do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Fluticasone, Budesonide 1st line for persistent asthma SE: Dyphonia, Thrush, Growth deceleration in kids
31
What are examples of Leukotriene Modifiers, how do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Zilueton, Montelukast Used as adjunct or alternative to ICS in persistent asthma SE: Neuropsychiatric effects with Montelukast (insomnia, agitation, anxiety, depression)
32
What is an example of Methylxanithines What are they used for Side Effects
Theophylline Used for asthma and COPD but less so because of SE SE: Many CYP interactions, Need to monitor levels
33
What is Acetaminophen What is it used for Side Effects
Analgesia, Antipyresis, Mild-to-moderate Pain SE: Well Tolerated, Hepatotoxicity
34
What are examples of NSAIDS What are they used for Side Effects
ASA, Ibuprofen and Naproxen, Piroxicam and Meloxicam, Indomethacin, Diclofenac, Ketorolac They inhibit COX1 and COX2 (depending which one you use) COX1: Housekeeping enzyme, expressed in most tissues, regulates normal cell processes COX2: Inflammation Enzyme, expressed during times of inflammation Used for Analgesia, Antipyretic, Anti-Inflammatory Caution use with CVD, Chronic Kidney Disease, Asthma, PUD, Pregnancy It interferes with antiplatelet effect of ASA, so stop all NSAIDS in AMI patients (except ASA) SE: Dyspepsia, Gastritis, Ulcers, Nephrotoxic
35
What are examples of Opioids What are they used for Side Effects
Mild-to Moderate: Codeine, Hydrocodone, Diphenoxylate, Loperamide Strong: Morphine, Oxycodone, Oxymorphone, Hydromorphone, Methadone, Fentanyl, Meperidine Agonist for Mu receptor which modulates analgesia, euphoria, respiratory depression, and physical dependency properties Used for analgesia, cough (codeine), diarrhea (loperamide) Reversable with Naloxone SE: Euphoria, Sedation, Respiratory Depression, Miosis, Constipation, Urinary Retention, Flushing, "allergy"
36
What is Allopurinol What is it used for Side Effects
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor Used for Gout Titrate low and slow SE: Paradoxical gout Flare, Simple Rash, SJS/TEN
37
What are examples of DMARDS
Methotrexate, Hydroxychloroquine, Infliximab, Etanercept (these last 2 are TNF inhibitors)
38
What is Methotrexate used for | Side Effects
Rheumatoid Arthritis | SE: Myelosuppresion, Liver and Lung Inflammation which can lead to fibrosis, Teratogenic and Abortifacient
39
What is Hydroxychloroquine used for | Side Effects
RA | SE: Irreversible Retinopathy, Hemolysis with G6PD deficiency
40
What are TNF Inhibitors How doe they work What are they used for Side Effects
Infliximab, Etancercept Tumor Necrosis Factor is a pro-inflammatory Cytokine, it binds TNF and blocks its activity Used for Moderate to Severe RA, Psoriatic Arthritis, IBD Monitor TST and CXR before treatment, appropriate vaccinations and cancer screening SE: Injection site pain, increased risk of infection and mlaignancy
41
What are examples of H2-Receptor Antagonists How do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Cimetidine and Ranitidine Famotidine and Nizatidine Inhibit gastric secretions by blocking Histamine Receptors on Parietal Cells Used for Dyspepsia, GERD, PUD Careful as these interact with iron absorption, digoxin, they need an acidic environment to be absorbed SE: Acid Rebound, Confusion, Dementia, Drug Fever, Erectile Dysfunction, Gynecomastia
42
What is an example of a Proton Pump Inhibitor How do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Omeprazole, Iansoprazole Inhibits parietal cell H/K ATP pump Should be administered 30-60 minutes before a meal Used for GERD, PUD, Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome, H.Pylori Infection SE: Anemia, Fractures, C.Diff Infections
43
What are 4 neurotransmiiter receptor sites important for vomiting reflex
M1 (Muscarinic): Inner Ear H1 (Histamine): Inner Ear D2 (Dopamine): Systemic 5-HT (Serotonin): Systemic
44
What are examples of M1 Receptor Antagonists What are they used for Side Effects
Scopolamine Prophylaxis for motion sickness, patch behind ear SE: Anticholinergic: Xerostomia, Sedation, Dilated Pupils
45
What are examples of H1 Receptor Antagonists What are they used for Side Effects
Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) Used for Motion Sickness Meclizine (Antivert) Used for Vertigo Management SE: Anticholinergic: Xerostomia, Sedation, Dilated Pupuils
46
What are examples of H1 AND D2 Receptor Antagonists What are they used for Side Effects
Promethazine (Phenergan) Used for Antiemetic, Pain Management Adjunct (migraines) May interact with Levodopa, QT Prolongation Meds SE: Extrapyramidal Symtpoms, Cardiac Conduction
47
What are examples of D2 Receptor Antagonists What are they used for Side Effects
Prochlorperazine (Compazine) Used for Antiemetic, Pain Management Adjunct SE: Extrapyramidal Sx, Cardiac Conduction Metoclopramide (Reglan) Used to prevent and tx Chemo induced emesis, Post-Op N/V SE: Acute Dystonia, Black Box Warning
48
What are examples of 5-HT Receptor Antagonists What are they used for Side Effects
Ondansetron, Dolasetron Used to prevent chemo induced emesis, Nausea related to irradiation, Post-Op N/V Careful with use with QT drugs SE: Headaches, QT Prolongation
49
What is an example of an Intranasal Steroid What is it used for Side Effects
Fluticasone, Mometasone Used for allergic rhinitis SE: Epistaxis, Stinging/Burning, Nasal Dryness
50
What are examples of Antihistamines What are they used for Side Effects
Diphenhydramine Used for Allergic Rhinitis SE: Anticholinergic Effects (Xerostomia (dry mouth), Sedation) Fexofenadine, Loratadine, Cetirizine Used for Allergic Rhinitis SE: Headache, Sedation
51
What is a GLP-1 Receptor Agonists What is ti used for Side Effects
Exenatide (Byetta) SQ Injection of synthetic exendin-4 analog of incretin hormone GLP-1 SE: Weight loss, Nausea, Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis
52
What is a DDP-4 Inhibitor What is it used for Side Effects
Sitagliptin (Januvia) DDP-4 is an enyzme that degrades incretin hormones, so taking this will leave incretin hormone around longer SE: Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis
53
What is a SGLT2 Inhibitor What is it used for Side Effects
Canagliflozin, Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin Increases urinary glucose excretion SE: Diuretic effect, increased GU infections (bacterial UTI, Candida), Euglycemic DKA
54
What is a Biguanide How does it work What it is used for Side Effects
Metformin Decreases hepatic glucose production, it needs insulin to work Used for DM2 Don't give in renal or liver failure SE: Metallic taste, N/V/D, No weight gain, Lactic Acidosis
55
What is Sulfonylureas How does it work What is it used for Side Effects
Tolazamide, Chlorpopamide, Glimepiride, Glipizide Binds ATP-Dependent Potassium channels in pancreatic Beta-Cells, which stimulates insulin secretion Used for DM2 SE: Weight gain, Hypoglycemia
56
What is Thiazolidinediones How does it work What is it used for Side Effects
Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone Increases insulin sensitivity by acting on adipose and muscle and liver to increase glucose use and decrease glucose production, it needs insulin to work SE: Fluid Retention, Weight Gain, Contraindicated in HF NYHA III or IV, Increased risk of AMI, Bladder CA
57
How does Levothyroxine work What is it used for Side Effects
Active compound is T3 Used for Congenital or Acquired Hypothyroidism Resolution of sx is about 2-3 weeks after starting drug Need to monitor TSH and T3/T4 every week, then 4-6 weeks after dose adjustments, then every 6-12 months SE: Cardiac arrhythmias, Angina, AMI, Decreased bone mineral density
58
What is Propylthiouriacil and Methimazole What it is used for Side Effects
Palliative treatment of hyperthyroidism as adjunct to ameliorate hyperthyroidism in preparation for surgery or RAI therapy SE: ANCA-Positive vasculitis with acute kidney injury, arthritis, skin ulcerations, vasculitic rash, agranulocytosis Methimazole is Teratogenic, so use PTU instead in pregnancy
59
What are examples of Bisphosphonates How doe they work Side Effects
Alendronate, Risedronate Drug binds bone, osteoclasts resorb bone with drug, promote apoptosis, leads to reduced bone resporption Used to prevent and treat osteoporosis, Hypercalcemia SE: Esophagitis, Esophageal Ulcer, Ostenecrosis of Jaw, Atypical Femur Fractures
60
What are examples of Corticosteroids How do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Prednisone, Methylpredinisolone SE: Topicals may cause skin atrophy Systmics may cause Fat redristribution, Cataracts, Osteoporosis, Poor Wound Healing, Growth Suppression
61
What are examples of Incontinence Drugs How do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Tolterodine: M2 and M3 selective antagonists Oxybutynin: M3 selective antagonists Darifenacin: M3 selective antagonists By Antagonizing the Muscarinic receptors, they increased bladder capacity, Decrease uninhibited contractions and delay desire to void, resulting in decreased IVS Used for overactive bladder and Urge Incontinence SE: Anti-Cholinergic Effects (Xerostomia)
62
What are examples of BPH Drugs How do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Alpha1-Adrenoreceptors - These are found in prostate and bladder neck - Stimulation leads to contraction, so antagonists relax them Alpha-1B Adrenoreceptors - Found in peripheral vasculature - Stimulation leads to contraction, so antagonists lead to orthostasis and syncope
63
What is Tamsulosin What is it used for Side Effects
Uroselective Alpha1-Antagonists Antagonism leads to relaxation of smooth muscles of prostate and bladder neck without blocking vascular receptors SE: Retrograde Ejaculation
64
What are examples of PDE-5 Inhibitors What are they used for Side Effects
Sildenafil, Verdenafil, Avanafil, Tadalafil Used for Erectile Dysfunction and Pulmonary Arterial HTN Nitric Oxide leads to increased in cGMP, which leads to smooth muscle relaxation and inflow of blood, so PDE-4 Inhibitors degrade cGMP SE: Priapism, Headache and Facial Flushing
65
What are drugs used for Migraines How do they work Side Effects
Sumitriptan, Zolmitriptan, Rizatriptan Selective agonist for serotinin receptors in cranial arteries that lead to vasoconstriction Avoid using other vasoconstrictors SE: AMI with vascular patients
66
What are drugs used for Alzheimer's How do they work Side Effects
Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Galantamine Cholinesterase Inhibitors Well Tolerated
67
What are drugs for Parkinson's Disease How do they work Side Effects
1st line is Levodopa PLUS Carbidopa Dopamine Agonists -After 5 years of use with, response is erratic and marked by motor fluctations 2nd line is Anticholinergics (Trihexyphenidyl), Selective MOA-B Inhibitors (Selegiline, Rasagiline), MNDA Antagonists (Amantidine) Side Effects: N/V, Anorexia, Orthostatic Hypotension, Vivid Dreams, Hallucinations, Delusions, Confusion, Sleep Disturbances
68
What is Phenytoin Used for | Side Effects
Prevention of seizures following head trauma/Neurosurgery CYP inducer so careful with other drugs SE: Gingival Hypertrophy, Teratogenic, Nystagmus
69
What is Carbamazepine used for | Side Effects
Biopolar and Chronic Pain Syndromes (Trigeminal Neuralgia) CYP Inducer so careful with other drugs SE: Bone marrow suppression, Rash may range from subtle to SJS, Teratogenic
70
What is Valproic Acid Used for | Side Effects
Mania associated with Bioplar Migraine Prophylaxis SE: Hepatotoxicity, Hepatic Failure, Teratogenic
71
What is Gabapentin used for | Side Effects
Restless Leg Syndrome Postherpetic Neuralgia SE: Sedation
72
What is Lamotrigine used for | Side Effects
Maintenance drug for Bioplar SE: Rash that ranges from subtle to SJS
73
What is Topiramate used for | Side Effects
Migraine Prophylaxis Chronic Weight Management SE: Weight loss, Reversible memory or concentration difficulties
74
What are drugs that are SSRI's How do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram/Escitalopram Block presynpatic serotonin reuptake pump which increases the amount of synaptic serotonin Used for Major Depressive Disorder, OCD, Panic Disorder, Bulimia, PMDD, Seasonal Affective Disorder, PTSD, GAD, Social Anxiety Disorder SE: Delayed Ejaculation, Decreased Libido, Long QT Syndrome, Suicdal Ideation Taper off when removing SSRI's as they may cause N/V/D, headache, agitation, anxiety, anorexia Serotonin Syndrome: Agitation, altered mental status, fever, resting tremor, myoclonic jerks, hyperreflexia, ataxia
75
What are examples of SNRIs
Venlafaxine, Duloxetine | Similar to SSRI's
76
What are examples of Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) How do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Amitrtriptyline, Nortriptyline, Imipramine, Clomipramine, Doxepin Used for Major Depressive Disorder that are intolerante to SSRIs, Migraine Prophylaxis SE: Anti-Cholinergic effects, Quinidine-like Cardiac Effects, Taper off to avoid discontinuation syndrome
77
What are examples of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors How do they work What are they used for Side Effects
Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid Careful with Tyramine rich foods as can lead to HTN crisis SE: Dizziness, Orthostatic Hypotension, Xerostomia, Nausea, Headache
78
What are examples of Benzodiazepines How do they work What are they used for Side Effects
All end in -am ``` For insomnia -Estazolam, Flurazepam For Anxiety -Alprazolam, Diazepam, Lorazepam For Seizures -Lorazepam, Diazepam For Anesthesia -Midazolam ``` Potentiates Inhibitory Neurotransmitter (GABA) Can be reversed with Flumazenil CNS depressant so careful with other drugs SE: Sedation, dizziness, withdrawal sx
79
What are Nonbenzodiazepine Benzodizaepine Receptor Agonists | Side Effects
Zolpidem, Zaleplon Can lead to CNS depression Side Effects: Warning for complex sleep-related behavior and severe allergic reactions
80
What is the main treatment for Bipolar | Side Effects
Lithium Need to monitor levels Careful with ACE-I/ARBs, NSAIDS, as they increase Lithium levels Side Effects: Severe tremor, Hypothyroidism (monitor thyroid function tests), Polyuria, Polydipsia, Weight Gain
81
``` What are 1st generation Antipsychotics What are 2nd generation Antipsychotics How do they work What are they used for Side Effects ```
1st Gen: Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine 2nd Gen: Risperidone, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Clozapine, Ziprasidone, Aripiprazole Used for Schizophrenia, Bioplar, Depression adjunct SE: 1st Gen have Extrapyramidal Sx (Dystonia, Akathisia, Parkinsonism), Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, QT Prolongation, Increased Prolactin 2nd Gen have weight gain, Diabetes, Hyperlipidemia
82
What is Isotretinoin What is it used for How does it work Side Effects
Oral vitamin A Analogue, decreases sebaceous Gland activity Used for Acne Causes severe teratogenic effects, so much have 2 forms of contraception in women, monitor labs, need to be on registry Careful with Alcohol use and Tetracycline (increased risk of pseudotumor cerebri) SE: Pseudotumor Cerebri, Teratogenic, Alopecia, Hepatitis, Photosensitivity, Psychosis, Suicidal Ideation

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