Clinical Tests Flashcards
Clinical Tests
List the 11 neuropsychological assessments
Halstead-Reitan Battery
Luria-Nebraska Battery
Boston Process Approach
Bender-Gestalt II
BVRT (Benton Visual Retention Test, 5th Edition)
WCST (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
Stroop Test (Stroop Color and Word Test)
Tower of London (2nd Edition)
MMSE (Mini-Mental Status Exam)
GSC (Glasgow Coma Scale)
Rancho Scale (Rancho Scale of Cognitive Functioning Revised)
Clinical Tests
Halstead-Reitan Battery
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) age range
3) score interpretation(s)
1) to help determine the severity & nature of brain damage due, for example, to traumatic brain injury or a neurocog disorder
2) ages 5 - 8, 9 - 14, and 15+ years old
3) score interpretation
a) normal functioning: 0 to 0.2
b) mild impairment: 0.3 to 0.4
c) moderate impairment: 0.5 to 0.7
d) severe impairment: 0.8 to 1.0
Clinical Tests
list the 5 subtests included in the Halstead-Reitan Battery & other assessments it is typically administered along with
subtests:
1) memory
2) abstract reasoning
3) concentration
4) manual dexterity
5) visual-motor integration
often administered in conjunction with the Wechsler Intelligence Test & MMPI-2
Clinical Tests
the Luria-Nebraska
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) age range
3) score interpretation(s)
1) to evaluate neuropsychological functioning and assess aspects of functioning related to reading, writing, arithmetic, expressive & receptive language, & intellectual functioning
2) ages 8 - 12 & 13+ years old
3) all items scored on a 3-point scale, summed to obtain raw scores, converted to T-scores, & compaired to cutoff scores (critical levels) determined by examinee’s age & education level
item scoring:
a) normal performance: 0
b) borderline performance: 1
c) impaired performance: 2
Clinical Tests
Boston Process Approach (BPA)
1) what is it?
2) what is it used for / what does it assess?
1) flexible test battery that consists of a core set of tests that are supplemented with other tests appropriate for a patient’s neuropsychological symptoms
2) to obtain qualitative information about how a patient solves problems presented by test items (rather than the patient’s quatitative test scores)
Clinical Tests
Benton Visual Retention Test, 5th Edition (BVRT)
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) age range
3) administration & scoring
4) useful for what disorders?
1) to assess visual perception, visual memory, & visuo-constructive skills
2) 8+ years old
3) administration & scoring
* administration: examinee is shown all 10 ten cards containing 1+ geometric figures & asked to reproduce them from memory
* scoring: calculated for number of correct figures & number of errors
4) screening for learning disabilities, ADHD, TBI, & neurocog disorders
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) age range
3) useful for what disorders?
1) measure of abstract reasoning, perseveration, the ability to change cognitive strategies in response to feedback, & other executive cognitive functions
2) 128- AND 64-card WCST: ages 6.5 to 89.0 years old; 48-card Modified WCST (M-WCST): ages 18 - 90 years old
3) sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction & poor performance linked to autism, schizophrenia, MDD, and malingering
Stroop Color and Word Test (aka Stroop Test)
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) age range
3) useful for what disorders?
1) the degree to which an examinee can inhibit a prepotent (habitual) response in favor of a less familiar response; cognitive flexibilty, cognitive processing, selective attention, & response inhibition
2) two versions: children 5 - 15 years old AND adolescents & adults 15 - 90 years old
3) differentiating individuals who have and do not have brain damage
* sensitive to frontal lob dysfuntion & poor performance linked to ADHD, bipolar, MDD, & schizophrenia
Tower of London, 2nd Edition (aka Tower of London)
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) age range
1) assess problem-solving, planning, & inhibition of impulsive & perseverative responding; evaluate frontal lobe functioning
2) ages 7 - 80 years old
Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE)
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) age range
3) administration & scoring
4) considerations
1) screening test for cognitive impairment; most commonly screening for neurocog disorder in older adults
1a) evaluates orientation, registration (immediate recall), attention & calculation, delayed recall, language, & visual construction
2) ages 18 to 85 years old
3) max score: 30; cutoff score: 24
* scores below 24 indicate cognitive impairment - the lower the score, the greater the impairment
4) individuals with any of the following may obtain a lower score even when not cognitively impaired due to the MMSE’s reliance on verbal responses & reading/writing skills
* hearing or visual impairments
* limited English skills
* communication disorder(s)
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) age range
3) administration & scoring
4) useful for what disorders?
1) evaluate the level of consciousness in patients following an acute or traumatic brain injury
2) no age range given
3) rating patient in terms of 1) best eye opening response, 2) best motor response, and 3) best verbal response
scoring: ranges from 3 to 15 and used to estimate severity of patient’s injury
* coma & severe injuy: 8 or less
* moderate injury: 9 to 12
* mild injury: 13 to 15
Rancho Scale of Cognitive Functioning Revised (aka the Rancho Scale OR the Rancho Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning Revised)
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) scoring
1) evaluate cognitive recovery during first several weeks following a head injury (no age range noted)
2) scoring/interpretation:
* Level I: lowest level of functioning
* Level X: indicating patient makes purposeful & appropriate responses and accomplishes most tasks independently but may require more than the usual amount of time OR the use of compensatory strategies to do so
what do the following score ranges indicate on the Beck Depression Inventory - II (BDI-II)
a) scores form 0 - 13
b) scores from 14 - 19
c) scores from 20 - 28
d) scores form 29 - 63
a) minimal depression
b) mild depression
c) moderate depression
d) severe depression
diagnoses assisted by the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, 3rd Edition (Vineland-3)
- intellectual disability
- autism
- neurocog disorder
Wechsler Memory Scale - Fourth Edition (WMS-IV)
1) what is it used for / what does it assess?
2) age range
3) useful for what disorders?
1) measure of visual & auditory memory
2) Adult Battery: 16 to 69 years old; Older Adult Battery: 65 to 90 years old
3) memory impairments due to various conditions, including neurocog disorder due to Alzheimer’s, TBI, learning disorders, substance use disorders, MDD, schizophrenia, MS, & temporal lobe epilepsy
for the Wechsler Memory Scale list the 4 indices & what they measure
1) Auditory Memory Index (AMI): immediate & delayed auditory recall
2) Visual Memory Index (VMI): immediate & delayed visual recall
3) Visual Working Memory Index (VWMI): ability to remember & manipulate visual information in short-term memory
4) Immediate Memory Index (IMI): immediate reacall of auditory & visual information
describe the Brief Cognitive Status Exam (BCSE) included in the WMS-IV
- optional subtest that does not contribute to scores on the index scales
- assess current cognitive functioning
The Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, 2nd Edition (aka the Bender-Gestalt II) measures visual-motor perception & integration for individuals 4 to 85 years of age and older. It is considered to be a valid screening device for neuropsychological impairment, but it’s not sufficiently accurate for these 2 purposes
1) identifying personality characteristics
2) making psychiatric diagnoses
