Clinical Terms Flashcards
Flail chest
traumatic, multiple rib fractures result in paradoxical movements of a portion of the chest wall. will move in with inspiration and out with expiration
fremitus
palpable vibrations from the lung
increased fremitus
compression or consolidation of lung tissue- pneumonia, pleural effusion, neoplasm
decreased fremitus
obstruction in lungs, air trapping in lungs (emphysema) or air in pleural space (pneumothorax)
Dull percussion
consolidation (pneumonia, pleural effusion, neoplasm) usually corresponds to area of increased fremitus
Hyperresonant percussion
pneumothorax, COPD, air trapping, usually corresponds to decreased fremitus
discontinuous sounds
- crackles/rales
- fine crackles/rales (high pitched brief)
- coarse crackles (lower pitched, brief)
Continuous sounds
- Wheezes
- stridor
- rhonchi
crackle/rales
- exudate (pneumonia, infection)
- transudate (CHF)
Wheezes
- asthma
- COPD
- air way swelling
- foreign body
Stridor
- high pitched wheeze
- upper airway obstruction
Rhonchi
- snoring quality
- secretions
- chronic bronchitis
- COPD
whooping cough
- bordatella pertussis
- inspiratory “whoop” to catch breath
Croup
- parainfluenza
- viral infection of larynx, trachea, and bronchi
- harsh, seal bark
Dry cough
- asthma
- flu
- TB
- pneumonia
