Clinical Terminologies

Question 1

• Refers to the first day of patient’s radiation treatment.

Answer 1

SET-UP

Question 2

• Emergency radiation treatment in which the patient did not undergo the CT simulation and proceeds immediately to the treatment.

Answer 2

CLINICAL SET-UP

Question 3

• Are standardized techniques in which the beams are limited to a single or a number of fields.
• Doses are less conformed to the target area.

Answer 3

CONVENTIONAL RADIATION THERAPY

Question 4

• Treatment techniques are better tailored to the individual patient’s condition, extend and shape of the tumor
  Doses are conformed to the target which reduces the relative effects of radiation to the surrounding normal tissue.
• Allows higher dose to be delivered to the tumor than conventional techniques.

Answer 4

3D-CRT (THREE-DIMENSIONAL CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY)

Question 5

• Advance technique of high precision radiotherapy that uses computer-controlled
  LINACS to deliver precise radiation doses to a malignant tumor or specific areas within the tumor.
• Doses are more conformed on the 3D shape of the tumor by modulating and controlling the intensity and aperture of the beam.
• Combination of multiple intensity-modulated fields coming from the different beam directions produce a custom-tailored radiation dose that maximizes the tumor dose while also minimizing the dose of adjacent normal tissues.

Answer 5

IMRT (INTENSITY MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY)

Question 6

Advance radiotherapy that uses arcs of radiation. A 3D dose of radiation is delivered with a single rotation.

Answer 6

VMAT (VOLUMETRIC MODULATED ARC THERAPY)

Question 7

• Used to enhance the accuracy throughout the course of radiation treatment.
  Example: CBCT

Answer 7

IGRT (IMAGE GUIDED RADIATION THERAPY)

Question 8

A medical imaging technique which forms a 3D presentation of the patient.
Used routinely in IGRT and VMAT to ensure correct positioning of the patient and for the visualization of possible anatomical changes.

Answer 8

СВСТ (CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY)

Question 9

A medical imaging technique which forms a 3D presentation of the patient.
Used routinely in IGRT and VMAT to ensure correct positioning of the patient and for the visualization of possible anatomical changes.

Answer 9

СВСТ (CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY)

Question 10

Treatment technique that limits radiation exposure of the heart and lungs. This involves proper inspiratory maneuver and breath hold for the machine to beam on and deliver the prescribed dose to the patient.

Answer 10

DIBH (DEEP INSPIRATION BREATH HOLD)

Question 11

Medical imaging technique that involves different respiratory maneuvers. Each image acquired shows the different views of each respiratory maneuver. It provides significant information of tumor movement in the lungs with the different maneuvers and allows the planning with the considerations of breathing movement.

Answer 11

4DCT (FOUR-DIMENSIONAL COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY)

Question 12

• A non-surgical radiation therapy that delivers a precise radiation to the target in fewer high dose treatments in a single day which can help preserve normal tissues.

Answer 12

SRS (STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY)

Question 13

• Same as the SRS, however FSRT is fractionated and lasts for days.

Answer 13

FSRT (FRACTIONATED STEREOTACTIC RADIOTHERAPY)

Question 14

• Is a precise high-dose form of radiation therapy that uses multiple beams of radiation and are focused on the target site with one to five treatment course.

Answer 14

SBRT (STEREOTACTIC BODY RADIATION THERAPY)