Clinical Skills (general)

Question 1

When should you wash your hands with soap and water compared to ABHR? (3)

Answer 1

When hands are visibly contaminated
When exposed to spore forming organisms
When dealing with patients with influenza, norovirus, clostridium difficile

Question 2

WHO’s 5 moments of hand washing?

Answer 2

Before patient contact
Before a clean/ aseptic procedure
After body fluid exposure risk (+ after glove removal)
After patient contact
After contact with patient surroundings

Question 3

What does black mean?

Answer 3

Household

Question 4

Green?

Answer 4

Recycled household waste

Question 5

Orange?

Answer 5

Low risk special waste - potentially infectious

Question 6

Yellow?

Answer 6

High risk special waste - infectious or hazardous

Question 7

What goes in an orange bag?

Answer 7

Dressings and swabs
Disposables such as gloves, aprons, masks, contaminated wipes, etc.
Incontince pads, nappies, bed pan disposables
Laboratory clinical waste

Question 8

What goes in a yellow bin with orange lid labelled for orange stream

Answer 8

Used sharps and vials AND including only water, saline and glucose based medicinal products
Broken glass
Blood and contaminated liquids
Unrecognisable tissue
Dialysis waste

Question 9

What does in a light blue bag placed in orange stream post sterilisation, marked LABS or as contents?

Answer 9

Sterilised high risk lab material

Question 10

What goes in a yellow bin with a red lid labelled for YELLOW

Answer 10

Anatomical waste, which may be infectious e.g. Recognisable body parts, organs, limbs, conaminated metal parts (pins, joints, prosthesis and surgical instruments), infected blood, foetal remains, contemned disinfectants, reagents and solvents, contained
environmental waste
Teeth (excluding amalgam filings)

Question 11

What can be placed in either a yellowbin with a red lid labelled for YELLOW or a yellow bag

Answer 11

Recognisable body parts, organs, limbs and contaminated estates/ environmental waste

Question 12

What gets placed in yellow binds with a violet lid?

Answer 12

Chemotherapy waste (cytotoxic and cytostatics)

Question 13

What gets placed in a yellow bin with a blue lid?

Answer 13

Medicinal waste which may include partially or undischarged sharps and drug vials

Question 14

What gets placed in a yellow bind with a yellow or black lid?

Answer 14

Other dangerous waste

Question 15

What is low blood pressure value?

Answer 15

Less than 90/60

Question 16

What temperature is a fever?

Answer 16

greater than 37.5 degrees centigrade

Question 17

What temperature is hypothermia?

Answer 17

less than 35

Question 18

Tachypnoea?

Answer 18

Greater than 25 breaths per minute

Question 19

Normal breathing rate range?

Answer 19

12 - 16 breaths per minute

Question 20

Vital signs? (5)

Answer 20

Pulse
BP
Temp
resp rate
O2 sats

Question 21

What are the parts of a review consultation?

Answer 21

Introductions
Clarify condition and duration
Problems since last visit 
Complications of conditions
ICE
Monitoring
Management
Complications of management
Risk factors for associated conditions
Conclusion

Question 22

In the systems review, what are the categories of systems?

Answer 22

General
CVS
Resp
GI
GUS
NS
Musculoskeletal

Question 23

In the systems review, what questions do you ask in general?

Answer 23

Rash
Itch
Bruising
Fevers
Rigors
Night sweats
Weight loss
Thirst
Tiredness
Passing out

Question 24

In the systems review, what questions do you ask in CVS?

Answer 24

Chest pain
palpitations
ankle swelling
breathlessness: exercise, PND, orthopnoea

Question 25

In the systems review, what questions do you ask under RS?

Answer 25

Cough
Sputum
Haemoptysis
Breathlessness
Chest pain
Hoarseness
Wheeze

Question 26

In the system review, what questions do you ask under GIS?

Answer 26

Appetite
Weight loss
Jaundice
Heartburn
Dysphagia
abdo pain
nausea
Vomiting -> haematemesis
Changes in bowel habits
PR blood/ malaena

Question 27

In the system review, what questions do you ask under GUS?

Answer 27

Water works (frequency, urgency, incontinece, pain, flow, blood for example)
Vaginal/ urethral discharge

Question 28

In the system review, what questions do you ask under NS?

Answer 28

Mood
Memory
Sleep
Headache
Vision
Speech
Hearing
Fits/ falls/ dizziness
Weakness

Question 29

In the system review, what questions do you ask under musculoskeletal?

Answer 29

Pain
Stiffness
Swelling

Question 30

What are the 3 components of situational awareness?

Answer 30

Gathering information
Interpreting information
Anticipating future states

Question 31

What is human factors? (non-technical skills)

Answer 31

The social and cognitive skills which support and underpin performance of physical and technical skills e.g. situational awareness, decision making, etc.

Question 32

What are the 6 steps to effective thinking and problem solving?

Answer 32

What is the problem?
What are the facts and circumstances?
What are our plausible options?
What is our best course of action of things considered?
Why are we making this choice?
What did we miss?

Question 33

What are the levels of care?

Answer 33

Levels 0 - 3

Question 34

What is level 0 of care? (1)

Answer 34

Needs can be met in normal ward care in an acute hospital

Question 35

What is level 1 or care? (2)

Answer 35

At risk of condition deteriorating/ recently patient recently relocated from higher levels of care

Question 36

What is level 2 of care? (3)

Answer 36

Need more detailed obs or intervention, including single organ failure
Requiring post-op care
Patients stepping down from higher levels of care

Question 37

What is level 3 of care? (2)

Answer 37

Patients requiring advanced resp. monitoring and support

Patients needing support for 2+ organs/ systems (one of which may be basic or advanced resp. support)

Question 38

What are the 3 indicators of deterioration?

Answer 38

Physical change
Physiological parameters (vital sings)
Psychological status (AVPU, orientation, conscious level, agitation)