Clinical Psychology Flashcards
Introduction to Clinical Psychology
Psychologists who work with educators to promote the intellectual, social, and emotional growth of school-age children. Activities may include evaluating children with special needs, developing interventions or programs to address these needs, and consulting with teachers and administrators about issues of school policy.
School Psychologist
True or False: To practice the field of psychology in clinical or community setting, one should pass a licensing exam
True
True or False: Clinical psychologists are responsible only in resolving the usual problem.
False
Has been a leader in the use of supervised fieldwork as a learning device for students. Fieldwork placement is part of the program for the master’s degree (usually the terminal degree ), which typically requires 2 years. Compared to the training of clinical psychologists and psychiatrists, their training is rather brief. As a result, their responsibilities are generally not as great as those of the psychiatrist or clinical psychologist.
Social worker
True or False: The field of clinical psychology is strongly committed to the research tradition, with an emphasis on evidence-based approaches to assessment, prevention, and intervention.
True
The predominant training philosophy in clinical psychology today. This model is based on the idea that clinical psychologists should integrate their roles of scientist and practitioner.
Scientist-practitioner model
True or False: School psychologists are the identical with guidance counselors
False
A member of a profession devoted to understanding and treating individuals affected by a variety of emotional, behavioral, and/ or cognitive difficulties. They may be involved in numerous activities, including psychotherapy, assessment and diagnosis, teaching, supervision, research, consultation, and administration.
Clinical Psychologist
True or False: School psychologist can handle schizophrenia cases in academics
False
Their training in psychotherapy and psychiatric diagnosis, they make extensive use of a variety of medications in treating their patients’ psychological difficulties. Furthermore, their medical training makes them potentially better able to recognize medical problems that may be contributing to the patient’s psychological distress
Psychiatrist
People who use talk therapy to help people overcome their problems. They focus on changing how people think, feel, and behave.
clinical psychologist
They spend many hours in close contact with patients, they are not only in a position to provide information about patients’ hospital adjustment but also can play a crucial and sensitive role in fostering an appropriate therapeutic environment. Working in close collaboration with the psychiatrist or the clinical psychologist, they (along with those they supervise—attendants, nurse’s aides, volunteers, etc.) implement therapeutic recommendations.
psychiatric nurses
True or False: Counseling psychologist helps people with educational, career, or life challenges rather than severe mental health problems.
True
True or False: Clinical Psychology focuses on the intellectual, emotional, biological, psychological, social, and behavioral aspects of human functioning across the life span, in varying cultures, and at all socioeconomic levels.
True
True or False: Social workers can conduct assessment to the community using the approaches in psychology
False
The scientist- practitioner model suggests that clinical work is enhanced by a knowledge of scientific methods, and research is improved by exposure to ________.
clinical practice
True or False: Psychology is a helping profession
True
Traditionally, they work with normal or moderately maladjusted individuals. Their work may involve group counseling or counseling with individuals. Their principal method of assessment is usually the interview, but counseling psychologists also do testing (e.g., assessment of abilities, personality, interests, and vocational aptitude).
counseling psychologist
True or False: Clinical psychologist can work with individual and group including community and family.
True
People who helps individuals adjust and return to daily life after disabilities or injuries are called
Rehabilitation Psychologist
Moral treatment for mental patients involved
treating institutionalized patients as normally as possible
Through her contribution to the field, the facilities for the mentally ill become better, civilized, and patients are respected and treated morally.
Dorothea Dix
True or False: Henry Murray improved health care for the mentally ill in the 19th century.
False
According to McFall’s “Manifesto for a Science of Clinical Psychology,” when should psychological treatments be used?
Only after they have been scientifically tested and proven effective
He termed “mental test” to describe his measure
James McKeen Cattell
When did (group) psychotherapy approaches began?
World war II
The first model hospital was established by:
William Tuke
Realizing that patients were often unaware of material previously recalled under hypnosis, Charcot, Breuer, and Freud hypothesized the existence of ___________, a concept considered one of the most important developments in the history of psychopathology.
the unconscious mind
Which type of therapy, introduced in the 1930s, emphasized working with multiple clients at the same time?
Group therapy
True or False: Binet termed “mental test” to describe his measure
False
What was Sigmund Freud’s major contribution in 1900?
The publication of The Interpretation of Dreams
Which therapy, developed by Viktor Frankl, is based on finding meaning in life?
Existential therapy
Breuer treated her “hysterical” symptoms by using _________.
hypnosis
This test was developed to screen and classify the hordes of military recruits being pressed into service during WWI
Army Alpha test
He classified the disorders during his time, where he identified disorders that are curable from incurable.
Emil Kraepelin
The professionals should
Follow Ethical standards
He did investigations of patients with the hysteria that did not seem to have an identifiable physical cause and employed a psychosocial approach to explaining it.
Jean Charcot
Which training model emphasizes both scientific research and clinical practice?
Boulder Model
The work of Philippe Pinel led to:
Development of psychiatry; Development of mental health approaches;
Development of clinical psychology
He improved health care for the mentally ill in the 19th century.
Philippe Pinel
Which of the following is an advantage of studies that use experimental research methods?
They allow us to identify causal relationships between different variables
Confidentiality must be breached and information must be reported by practitioners when all of the following take place
clients pose a danger to others; an older adult is being abused; the therapist determines that the client needs immediate, involuntary hospitalization.
How does the ICD differ from the DSM-5?
The ICD covers both mental and physical illnesses, while the DSM-5 focuses only on mental disorders.
The ethics codes do not mandate that dual or multiple relationships:
should be avoided or that nonsexual multiple relationships are unethical.
Which of the following best describes the difference between symptoms and signs in diagnosing mental disorders?
Symptoms are subjective experiences reported by the patient, while signs are objective observations made by a clinician.
Psychologist strive to be accurate, honest, and truthful
Integrity
What percentage of their genes do Monozygotic (MZ) twins share with each other?
100%
What kind of research articles provides a numerical summary of findings from lots of different studies?
Meta-analyses
Which of the following best describes the difference between the symptom-based approach and psychological formulation (case formulation)?
The symptom-based approach focuses on treating individual symptoms, while psychological formulation explores the root causes of symptoms.
Which of the following is an advantage of studies that use experimental research methods?
They allow us to identify causal relationships between different variables
This refers to the delivery and oversight of health services using telecommunication technologies
Telehealth
Which of the following statements is false?
Genetics and environment have independent influences on psychological disorders
The three levels of competence and training in psychopharmacology includes (arrange according to its level)
I. Collaborative practice
II. Basic Pharmacology training
III. Prescription privileges
II, I, III
Maloi, who had recurrent headaches, fatigue, and loss of appetite, received different diagnoses from several psychologists. In terms of assessment, this indicates a problem with
Reliability
Respect for people’s rights and dignity is defined as:
Enact safeguards to ensure the protection of these rights of all people.
Mary, went to a coffee shop to meet a prospective client whom she met online. She presented her training and educational qualifications on social media and left her name unspecified. The following are her achievements:
- Finish Bachelor to post-graduate school at Harvard University
- Undergone training in one of the centers for mental health in Australia
- A fully pledged psychologist and clinician
However, none of these are true, except that he took up a Bachelor of Science in psychology but not at Harvard. Thus, Mary violated the code of ethics:
Competence
This intervention is helpful for special cases involving stigma and from areas where professional help is not available
Computer Assisted Therapy
Which psychologist is most closely associated with the cognitive approach to psychological disorders?
Beck
Professionals strive to benefit those they serve and to do no harm
Beneficence and non-maleficence
Sexual activities with clients are against what ethical consideration
Human Relations
