Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Lifestyle Medicine > Clinical Processes > Flashcards

Clinical Processes Flashcards

1
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the only formally validated LM vital sign?

A

PAVS

Physical activity vital sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Dietary assessment options?

A
  • 3 day diet history
  • Report typical day of eating
  • How many servings of veg? (or how. many servings of UPF, or animal-based food)
  • photograph meals
  • Lifestyle Assessment Short Form
    –> over last 2/4, how often fast food, sugary drinks, UPF; how many servings of whole fruit/veg; how often meat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  1. Starting the conversation
    - 8 item simplified food freq
  2. Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener
  3. (ASA-24) Automated Self Admin 24 hour
  4. (DSQ) Dietary History Questionnaire
A

Validated dietary assessments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some in-depth follow up tools for physical activity?

A

STAR-Q (sedentary time & activity reporting Q)

IPAQ Long Form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some brief assessment tools for Sleep?

A
  1. Single Item Sleep Quality Scale
  2. Global Sleep Assessment Quest
  3. STOP-BANG Quest

In-depth follow up:
1. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some brief assessment tools for Stress?

A
  1. PHQ-2
    Patient health quest 2
    ‘in last 2 weeks, how often littlei nerest, feeling low’
  2. Perceived Stress Scale
  3. GAD-2
  4. Satisfaction with Life Scale
  5. Loma Linda Social Relationship quest
    - social support
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some in-depth follow up tools for Stress?

A

PHQ-9
PSS-10
GAD-7
SWLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some validated assessment tools for substance use?

A

NIDA quick screen
- freq of alco, tobac, precription

TAPS-1

AUDIT-C

NIDA-Modified ASSIST

TAPS-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Physical exam components?

A

BMI

Waist circumference
(< 102 cm men; 88cm women)
- mid lowest rib and iliac crest

Waist-to-hip ratio
(<= 0.9 men, 0.85 women)

% Body fat
(calipers, BIA, Densitometry. BodPod, DEXA)
< 25% men; < 30% women

Pulse
- endurance training and yoga can lower pulse

BP
- elevated (120-129 and <80)
- stage 1 HTN (130-139 OR 80-89)
- stage 2 HTN (140+ OR 90+)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Measures of fitness

A

Cardioresp (step testing)

Muscular endurance (squats, pushups, sit ups)

Muscular strength (grip, or refer)

Flexibility (sit and reach)

Body compisition (calipers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lifestyle guidelines for cardiovascular disease?

A
  1. AHA
    Calories out > calories in
    - 150 min mod; 75 min vig / wk
    Healthy dietary pattern
    - min proc’d, added sugar, salt, etoh
    Avoid tobacco
  2. USPSTF
    - Statin for prim prevention in 40-75yo who have
    >=1 risk factors AND
    >= 10% ten-yr risk of CV event
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

AHA Guidelines for hyperlipidemia

A

Limit saturated fat <6% daily cal
Minimise trans fats
Limit red meat, dairy, fried

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

AHA and USPSTF guidelines for hypertension

A
  1. AHA
    DASH
    - plant based
    - limit red meat, sodium, sweets
  2. USPSTF
    - screen BP in >18y/o
    - get BP outside of office for diag
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CDC
Guidelines for CVD, HTN, Hyperlipidemia

A
  • fruit and veg
  • high fiber
  • low sat/trans fats
  • limit salt and sugar
  • alcohol <2 men and <1 wom
  • reg physical activity
  • Don’t smoke
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ACLM
Guidelines for CVD, HTN, Hyperlipidemia

To reverse coronary artery disease

A

low fat
WFPB
leafy greens
min high fat plant food (nuts, seeds, avocado, oils)
min caffeine, salt

REVERSES plaque build up!

17
Q

DIABETES
Guidelines

A
  1. ADA
    Plate method
    - 1/2 veg, 1/4 non starch veg, 1/4 lean protein
  2. CDC
    Eat well
    Stay active
  3. USPSTF
    Screen for prediabetes / T2DM in ppl 35-70 who are overweight / obese
  4. ACLM
    - low fat, WFPB to min insulin resistance
    - remission, rather than mgmt
18
Q

OBESITY
Guidelines

A
  1. USPSTF
    - refer BMI>30 for intensive tx
  2. ACC / AHA / The Obesity Society
    - refer if BMI>25 + CV risk factors OR if BMI>30
    - indiv/group based
    - caloric restriction, physical activity
    - behavioural strategies
  3. ACLM
    - WFPB
19
Q

WEIGHT LOSS
Guidelines

A
  1. Reduce calories
    - eating 3500 cal less per week will lose 1lb weight per week
    - women 12-1500 cal / day
    - men 15-1800 cal / day

(No specific dietary pattern is superior)

  1. NREE should be increased
  2. Refer to bariatric surgery
    BMI >= 40
    BMI >= 35 with one comorbid
    BMI >=30 with poorly controlled diabetes
    + Motivation to lose weight
20
Q

What is TEE?

A

Total energy expenditure
Sum of:
- Resting EE (REE) - 60%
- Thermic effect of feeding (TEF) 5-10
- Non-resting EE (NREE) 30-40%

21
Q

WHO classifies processed meat as a ? and red meat as a ?

A

Carcinogen

Probable carcinogen

22
Q

CAD

Intensive lifestyle changes
VS
Lipid-lowering drugs

Lifestyle Heart Trial (5yr RCT)

A

Reduction in LDL
Reduction in angina episodes
Regression of atherosclerosis

23
Q

Stable CAD

Exercise
VS
PCI

12 month RCT

A

Higher ischaemic threshold
16% increase O2 uptake
Less health expenses

24
Q

Remission of T2DM

? Intensive weight mgmt within routine primary care

(DiRECT 12 month RCT)

A

46% achieved remission to a non-diabetic state and wewre off diabetic drugs

25
Q

Incidence of T2DM

Lifestyle
VS
Metformin

Diabetes Prevention Program
(2.8 yr RCT)

A

Lifestyle intervention more effective at an average f/u of 2.8 yrs

26
Q

Statin
VS
Dietary

For lowering cholesterol
3 month RCT

A

No difference

27
Q

Medication
VS
Exercise

on Mortality outcomes
Meta-analysis

A

Similar

28
Q
A

Lifestyle Medicine (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions