Clinical Presentation 3 Flashcards

0
Q

Rapidly progressive leg weakness that ascends (following GI/URTI)

A

Guillain-Barre syndrome (Type 2)

Autoimmune acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

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1
Q

Pupil accommodates, but does not react

A

Argyll Robertson pupil

Neurosyphilis

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2
Q

Rash on palms and soles

A

Coxsackie A
Secondary syphilis
Rocky mountain spotted fever

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3
Q

Recurrent colds
Unusual eczema
High serum IgE

A

Hyper-IgE syndrome

Job’s syndrome: neutrophil chemotaxis abnormality

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4
Q

Red “currant jelly” sputum in alcoholic or diabetic patients

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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5
Q

Red urine in the morning

Fragile RBCs

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

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6
Q

Renal cell carcinoma (bilateral)
Hemangioblastomas
Angiomatosis
Pheochromocytoma

A

Von Hippel-Lindau disease

Dominant tumor suppressor gene mutation

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7
Q

Resting tremor
Rigidity
Akinesia
Postural instability

A

Parkinson’s disease

Nigrostriatal dopamine depletion

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8
Q

Retinal hemorrhages with pale centers

A

Roth’s spots

Bacterial endocarditis

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9
Q

Severe jaundice in neonate

A

Crigler-Najjar syndrome

Congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

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10
Q

short stature
Increased incidence of tumors/leukemia
Aplastic anemia

A

Fanconi’s anemia (genetic loss of DNA crosslink repair; often progresses to AML)

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11
Q

Single palm crease

A

Simian crease

Down syndrome

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12
Q

Situs inversus
Chronic sinusitis
Bronchiectasis
Infertility

A

Kartagener’s syndrome

Dynein arm defect affecting cilia

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13
Q

Skin hyperpigmentation

A

Addison’s disease

Primary adrenocortical insufficiency causes INCREASED ACTH and ALPHA-MSH PRODUCTION

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14
Q

Slow progressive muscle weakness in boys

A

Becker’s MS

X linked missense mutationin dystrophin; less severe than DMD

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15
Q

Smooth, flat, moist white lesions on genitals

A

Condylomata lata

Secondary syphilis

16
Q

Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails

A

Bacterial endocarditis

17
Q

Streak ovaries
Congenital heart disease (COA PREDUCTAL)
Horseshoe kidney
Cystic hygroma at brith

A

Turner syndrome (45XO)
Short stature
Webbed neck
Lymphedema

18
Q

Sudden and swollen painful big toe joint

Tophi

A

Gout/podagra

Hyperuricemia

19
Q

Swollen gums
Mucosal bleeding
Poor wound healing
Spots on skin

A

Scurvy (vitamin C def; can’t hydroxylate proline/lysine for collagen synthesis)

20
Q

Swollen hard painful fingerjoints

A

OA

osteophytes on PIP (Bouchard’s nodes); DIP (Heberden’s nodes)

21
Q

Systolic ejection murmur

Crescendo decrescendo

A

Aortic valve STENOSIS

22
Q

Thyroid and parathyroid tumors

Pheochromocytoma

A

MEN 2A

Autosomal dominant ret mutation

23
Q

Thyroid tumors
Pheochromocytoma
GANGLIONEUROMATOSIS

A

MEN 2B

Autosomal dominant ret mutation

24
Unilateral facial drooping involving forehead
Bell's palsy | LMN CN VII palsy
25
Urethritis Conjunctivitis Arthritis in a male
Reactive arthritis (Type 3) associated with HLA B27
26
Vascular birthmark | PORT WINE STAIN
Hemangioma | Benign, associated witb Sturge-Weber syndrome (p-ANCA)
27
Vomiting blood after esophagogastric lacerations
Mallory-Weiss syndrome | Alcoholic and bulimic patients
28
"Waxy" | Casts with very low urine flow
Chronic ESRD
29
WBC CASTS IN URINE
Acute pyelonephritis
30
``` Weight loss DiarrheA ARTHRITIS Fever ADENOPATHY ```
Whipple's disease | Tropheryma whippelii
31
Worst headache of my life
Subarachnoid hemorrhage | Bridging veins