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Clinical Practicum 1 Week 1 > Clinical Practicum 1 Week 1 > Flashcards

Clinical Practicum 1 Week 1 Flashcards

Planes, Trains, and Automobiles!

1
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Passes vertically from front to back, divides the body into left and right halves

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2
Q

Midsagittal Plane

A

Passes vertically from front to back, divides the body into EQUAL left and right halves

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3
Q

Coronal Plane

A

Passes vertically from side to side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior parts

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4
Q

Midcoronal Plane

A

Passes vertically from side to side , dividing the body into EQUAL anterior and posterior parts aka” Midaxillary”

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5
Q

Horizontal Plane

A

Passes through the body parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the sagittal and coronal planes aka “Transverse Plane”

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6
Q

Oblique Plane

A

Passes through a body part at any angle between the previous three planes

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7
Q

Occlusal Plane

A

Formed by biting surfaces of the upper and lower teeth with jaws closed

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8
Q

Interiliac Plane

A

Transects the body at the pelvis at the top of the iliac crest (Upper of hip bones level of C7)

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9
Q

RUQ

A

Right Upper Quadrant

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10
Q

RLQ

A

Right Lower Quadrant

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11
Q

LUQ

A

Left Upper Quadrant

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12
Q

LLQ

A

Left Lower Quadrant

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13
Q

What are the four major types of body habitus?

A

1.Sthenic
2.Hyposthenic
3.Hypersthenic
4.Asthenic

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14
Q

Skeletal Divisions - Axial

A

Supports and protects the head and trunk

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15
Q

Skeletal Divisions - Appendicular

A

Provides means for movement

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16
Q

What are the five classifications of bones? Where are they found?

A

1.Long (Only in limbs, Femur humerus and phalanges )
2.Short (Hands and feet, Carpal and tarsal bones)
3.Flat (Sternum, Cranium, Scapula)
4.Irregular (Vertebrae, Pelvic bones, Facial bones)
5.Sesamoid (“Small and oval” patella) [Think sesame seed]

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17
Q

The joints that connect the metatarsal bones of the foot to the proximal bones of the toes are called…

A

Metatarsophalangeal

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18
Q

The joints that connects the metacarpal head to the proximal phalanx of each finger are called…

A

Metacarpophalangeal

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19
Q

Condyle

A

Rounded process at an articular end

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20
Q

Coracoid or coronoid

A

Beaklike or crownlike process

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21
Q

Crest

A

Ridgelike process

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22
Q

Epicondyle

A

Projection above a condyle

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23
Q

What are the eight types of fractures?

A
  1. Open/Compound
  2. Simple
  3. Greenstick
  4. Transverse
  5. Oblique/ Spiral
  6. Comminuted
  7. Compression
  8. Impacted
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24
Q

Anterior (Ventral)

A

Foward or front part of the body or of a part

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25
Q

Posterior (Dorsal)

A

Back part of a body or part

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26
Q

Caudad

A

Away from the head of the body

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27
Q

Cephalad

A

Parts towards the head

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28
Q

Superior

A

Nearer the head or situated above

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29
Q

Inferior

A

Nearer the feet or situated below

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30
Q

Central

A

Mid area or main part of an organ

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31
Q

Peripheral

A

At or near the surface, edge, or outside of another body part

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32
Q

Medial

A

Towards the median plane of the body or toward the middle of a body part

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33
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the median plane or away from the middle of a body part

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34
Q

Superficial

A

Near the skin of the surface

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35
Q

Deep

A

Far from the surface

36
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Part on the same side of the body

37
Q

Contralateral

A

Parts on opposite side of the body

38
Q

Distal

A

Farthest away from the point of attachment

39
Q

Proximal

A

Nearer to the point of attachment

40
Q

External

A

Outside the body or part

41
Q

Internal

A

Inside the body or part

42
Q

AP

A

Anteroposterior, CR enters through the anterior surface and exits the posterior

43
Q

PA

A

Posteroanterior, CR enters through the

44
Q

CR

A

Central Ray

45
Q

IR

A

Image Receptor

46
Q

Essential Projections - Axial

A

Longitudinal angle of 10 degrees or more. Produced by angling the Central Ray cephalad or caudad. Also achieved by angling the entire body or part while maintaining the CR perpendicular to the Image Receptor (IR).

47
Q

Tangential

A

CR directed along the outer margin of a curved surface

48
Q

Lateral

A

CR enters one side of the body, passing transversely along the coronal plane

49
Q

Oblique

A

CR enters from side angle, Entrance and exit surfaces still specified (e.g. AP oblique)

50
Q

A. How many general positions are there?
B. What are the positions?

A

A. 13
B. Upright
Seated
Recumbent
Supine
Prone
Trendelenburg
Fowler
Sims’
Lithotomy
Lateral
Oblique (RAO, LAO, RPO, LPO)
Decubitus
Lordotic

51
Q

Upright Position

A

Erect or vertical

52
Q

Seated Position

A

Upright but seated on a stool

53
Q

Recumbent Position

A

Laying down in any position

54
Q

Supine Position

A

Laying on the back

55
Q

Prone Position

A

Laying face down

56
Q

Trendelenburg Position

A

Supine with head lower than the feet

57
Q

Fowler Position

A

Supine with head elevated

58
Q

Sims’ Position

A

Recumbent with patient lying on left anterior side, left leg extended, right thigh and knee partially flexed (is done for Barium Enemas)

59
Q

Lithotomy Position

A

Supine with knees and hips flexed, thighs abducted and rotated externally, supported by ankle supports

60
Q

Lateral Position

A

Named according to the side of the patient closer to the IR

61
Q

Oblique Position

A

Body is rotated so that the coronal plane is not parallel with the table or IR. Angle of rotation is specific for anatomy of interest. Named according to the sid and surface of the body closer to the table or IR.
(Right Posterior Oblique, Left Posterior Oblique, Right Anterior Oblique, Left Anterior Oblique)

62
Q

Decubitus Position

A

Recumbent position with horizontal CR. Named accordingly to the body surface on which patient is lying

63
Q

Lordotic Position

A

Upright position in which the patient is leaning backwards

64
Q

Abduct or Abduction

A

Movement of a part away from the central axis of the body

65
Q

Adduct or Adduction

A

Movement of a part towards the central axis of the body

66
Q

Extension

A

Straightening of a joint

67
Q

Flexion

A

Bending of a joint

68
Q

Hyperextension

A

Forced or over extension

69
Q

Hyperflexion

A

Forced overflexion

70
Q

Evert or Eversion

A

Outward turning of the foot at the ankle

71
Q

Invert or Inversion

A

Inward turning of the foot at the ankle

72
Q

Pronate or Pronation

A

Rotation of the forearm so that the palm is down

73
Q

Supinate or Supination

A

Rotation of the forearm so that the palm is up You’d be able to hold soup

74
Q

Rotate or Rotation

A

Turning of the body or part around its axis, rotation of a limb is either medial (towards midline) or lateral (away from midline)

75
Q

Deviation

A

A turning away from the regular or standard course (e.g. Ulnar Deviation, Radial Deviation)

76
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Flexion or bending of the foot towards the leg

77
Q

Plantar Flexion

A

Flexion or bending of the foot towards the sole

78
Q

Line

A

Linear elevation; not as prominent as a crest

79
Q

Malleolus

A

Club-shaped process

80
Q

Protuberance

A

Projecting Prominence

81
Q

Spine

A

Sharp process

82
Q

Styloid

A

Long, pointed process

83
Q

Trochanter

A

Either of the two large, rounded, and elevated processes of the proximal femur

84
Q

Tubercle

A

Small, rounded, and elevated process

85
Q

Tuberosity

A

Large, rounded and elevated process

Clinical Practicum 1 Week 1 (1 decks)

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