Clinical Pharmacokinetics Flashcards

1
Q

define volume of distribution (Vd)

A
  • a measure of the apparent space in the body available to contain the drug
  • Vd is the volume that would be required to contain all of the drug in the body at the same conc. as it is in the blood
  • Vd = amount of drug in body / plasma drug conc.
  • units = volume
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2
Q

describe high vs low Vd

A
  • Low Vd means that most of the drug is in the plasma
  • High Vd means that most of the drug is in the extravascular compartments
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3
Q

how can Vd be determined?

A
  • Vd = Dose/C0
  • If we want to achieve a target plasma concentration (TC) quickly, we can calculate the dose required as:
    • Dose = Vd x TC
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4
Q

define clearance

A
  • Clearance is defined as the the volume of blood cleared of drug per unit time (vol/time)
  • the rate of drug elimination is directly proportional to the drug concentration
    • Rate of elimination = CL x C (drug conc.)
    • first-order kinetics
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