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Fall-1 > clinical manifestations of disease > Flashcards

clinical manifestations of disease Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic nasal stuffiness or chronic respiratory correlated with?

A

sinusitis

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2
Q

Impaired vision or seeing “holes” around light correlated with?

A

glaucoma

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3
Q

Visual field defects correlated with?

A

suggest the presence of a lesion of the optic pathway

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4
Q

Sudden, severe, unilateral vision loss correlated with?

A

suggests the presence of optic neuritis

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5
Q

Headache, fatigue, generalized aches and pains, and night sweats in subjects age 55 yo or older correlated with?

A

suggest presence of temporal arteritis

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6
Q

Intermittent headaches with high blood pressure correlated with?

A

pheochromocytoma

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7
Q

Neck stiffness and especially meningismus correlated with?

A

suggests meningitis

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8
Q

Focal neurologic signs correlated with?

A

intracranial mass lesion

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9
Q

increased pressure in or around the brain causes the part of the optic nerve inside the eye to swell correlated with?

A

Papilledema

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10
Q

where is sinus headache pain?

A

behind forehead, cheekbones

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11
Q

where is cluster headaches pain

A

in and around one eye

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12
Q

where is tension headache pain?

A

like a band squeezing the head

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13
Q

what is symptoms of migraine

A

Pain nausea and visual changes

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14
Q

What are fever values? (rectal,oral,axillary)

A

100.4(37.8) ,100(37.8) ,99(37.2)

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15
Q

Differential Diagnosis of Fever:

Infectious diseases? (5)

A 
Influenza
HIV
UTI
Infectious mononucleosis
Gastroenteritis
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16
Q

Two skin inflammations?

A

Boils (Furuncle or Carbuncle)

Abscess

17
Q

Four Immunological diseases?

A

Lupus erythematosis
Sarcoidosis
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Kawasaki disease

18
Q

what is Rhabdomyolysis?

A

breakdown of muscle.

19
Q

two Metabolic Disorders?

A

Gout (build up of crystals in a joint)

Porphyria (inherited)

20
Q

First think to think kids with fever?

A

urinary tract

21
Q

Four thinks to consider/order for fever?

A

CBC (complete blood count)
BMP (Basic metabolic panel) to check electrolytes
Consider blood cultures on temps >102
UA (Urinalysis) to r/o (rule out) uti’s (urinary tract infections) and to check hydration status

22
Q

four ways a cough can be classified by?

A

duration, character, quality and timing

23
Q

Four cough Infections (respiratory tract infections)

A

Common cold (most common)
Pneumonia
Pertussis
Tuberculosis

24
Q

Three Reactive airway diseases?

A 
Cough variant asthma
Chronic bronchitis (often referred to as smokers cough)
Long term fume inhalation
25
Q

Unexplained cough consider what?

A

Gastroesophageal reflux

26
Q

Cough can be side affect of what drugs used to treat diabetics heart disease and hypertension?

A

ACE Inhibitor

27
Q

5 Diagnostic approach to cough (tests)?

A 
CBC (complete blood count)
H pylori if h/o GERD
Sed Rate (inflammation)
CXR (Chest xray)
Spirometry
28
Q

Cough treatments?

A

Often symptomatic
Antibiotics
Corticosteroids

29
Q

Important patient history that has edema?

A

Coronary disease
ETOH abuse (alcohol)
Hypertension
Hepatic or renal disease (albumin in blood, low venous pressure)
Medications
check venous pressure -> (high= heart failure)

30
Q

Unilateral leg edema could be caused by?

A 
DVT
-History of long drive or flight
History of tobacco use
History of birth control use
Recent surgery
31
Q

Work up of edema includes? (6)

A 
CBC (Complete Blood Count)
CMP (checks electrolytes and lft’s)
TSH (Thyroid)
EKG
CXR
Duplex US (Ultrasound) if concerned about DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis)
32
Q

How much weight loss indicates medical issue?

A

involuntary 5% over six months

33
Q

Work up of weight loss? (8)

A 
CBC with differential
CMP (Complete Metabolic Panel)
TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
Hemoglobin A1C
UA (Urinalysis)
Stool hemoccult
ESR and/or C reactive protein
Consider CXR
34
Q

Workup for Vague neurological complaints: (9)

A 
CBC
CMP (glucose)
TSH
UA
HgbA1c
HCG (if appropriate)
CXR
EKG
Pulse Ox
35
Q

physical exam for neurological symptoms (6)

A 
Higher functions
Cranial nerves
Sensory system
Motor system
Reflexes
Cerebellum
36
Q

Differential Diagnosis of signs of inflammation?

5 cardinal signs (PRISH)

A 
Pain
Redness
Immobility
Swelling
Heat
37
Q

Inflammation work up? (5)

A 
CBC
Sed Rate/ c reactive protein
CMP
UA
Plain films

Fall-1 (2 decks)

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