Clinical Laboratory Flashcards
7 Laboratory Personnel
- Pathologist
- Medical Laboratory Technicians
- Phlebotomist
- Cytotechnologist
- Toxicologist
- Histotechnologist
- Nuclear Medical Technologist
Specialized section of Clinical Laboratory
- Immunohistochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Biotechnology
Testing of blood and other body fluids to quantify essential soluble
chemicals including waste products useful for the diagnosis of certain
diseases
Clinical Chemistry
Test Blood and Urine
Clinical Chemistry
Test Performed :
1. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), 2.Glycosylated hemoglobin
3. Total Cholesterol
4. Blood uric acid (BUA)
5. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
6. total protein
Clinical Chemistry
One of the busiest section
Clinical Chemistry
Specialized section of Clinical Chemistry
- Endocrinology
- Toxicology
Thyroid hormones test includes thyroid stimulating hormone
Endocrinology
Therapeutic drug monitoring
tests for prohibited drugs
Toxicology
Used for collecting blood for hematology, coagulation
studies, clinical chemistry, immunohematology, and serology
Vacutainer tubes
Performs scientific analysis of non-blood body fluids such as urine, semen and stool.
Clinical Microscopy
Has Two Major areas
Clinical Microscopy
1st area is allotted to routine and other special examinations of urine
(macroscopic and microscopic examinations) ; examination of other body fluids
Clinical Microscopy
2nd area is assigned to the examination of stool or routine fecalysis
Clinical Microscopy
Subdivided into 4 sections
Microbiology
4 sections of microbiology
Bacteriology
Mycobacteriology
Mycology
Virology
It is the study of the biology of microscopic organisms
Microbiology
Focused on the identification of bacteria and fungi
Microbiology
Specimens usually submitted are blood and other body fluids, stool,
tissues, and swabs
Microbiology
Other activities: preparation of culture media and stains, quality
assurance and control, infection control and biosafety and proper
waste disposal
Microbiology
Looks into the identification of mycobacterium
Mycobacteriology
Deals with the enumeration of cells in the blood and other body fluids
(CSF, Pleural fluid)
Hematology and Coagulation Studies
To find out if you have a problem with any of your clotting factors that may cause too little or too much blood clotting
Coagulation studies
focuses on blood testing for the determination of
various coagulation factors
Coagulation Studies
Performed test:
Complete blood count,
Hemoglobin,
Hematocrit,
WBC differential count,
Red cell morphology
Quantitative platelet count,
Total cell count
Hematology and coagulation studies
Main activities:
Blood typing
Compatibility testing
Blood Bank/ Immunohematology
Section of laboratory medicine that involves the preparation of blood and blood components for transfusion
Blood Bank/Immunohematology
Screening for all antibodies and identification of antibodies as well as the blood components used for transfusion
Blood Bank/Immunohematology
Considered as the most critical
Blood Bank/Immunohematology
Used for storage of blood collected from donors used for
blood transfusion
Blood bank refrigerator
It is the study of the body’s immune system and its functions and disorders
Immunology
It is the study of blood serum (the clear fluid that separates when blood clots)
Serology
It is the Analyses of serum antibodies in certain infectious agents
Immunology and Serology
Performed test:
Hepatitis B profile tests
Serological tests for syphilis,
Hepatitis C
Dengue fever
Immunology and Serology
It is the study of organs and tissues to determine the causes and effects of particular diseases.
Anatomical Pathology
Performed test:
Tissue processing, cutting into sections, staining, and preparation for microscopic examination by a pathologist
Anatomical Pathology
It is the study of the chemical reactions of immunity.
Immunochemistry
Combines anatomical, clinical, and biochemical technique
(fluorescent dyes)
Immunohistochemistry
Useful in diagnosis of some types of cancers
Immunochemistry
Existing developments in medical technology and
Most common technique currently in use is the PCR
Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
Encompasses all activities starting from a medical doctor writing a
laboratory request
Laboratory Testing Cycle
TAT
Turn around time
3 phases of Laboratory Cycle
Pre-analytic
Analytic
Post-analytic
Receipt of the request, px preparation, specimen
collection
Pre-analytic
Actual testing (phase)
Analytical
Transmission of results, TAT, and doctor’s
recommendation (phase)
Post-analytical
