Clinical History Intake

Question 1

biopsychosocial model: biological component

Answer 1

inner world of the client regarding neuropsychological, physiological concoction of chemicals. includes medical conditions, prescribed medications, substances, genetic history, physical behavior, and hormones

Question 1

biopsychosocial model: psychological component

Answer 1

how one relates to themselves and the world, which includes:
-affective = expression and regulation of emotions
-behavioral = interactive style, interpersonal style
-cognitive = motivation, adaptive coping (problem-solving), cognitive hardiness (resilience), & grittiness (perseverance)

Question 2

biopsychosocial model: sociological component

Answer 2

how one’s world is peopled, which includes the influence of proximate systems including family, peers/friends, and occupational/educational communities

Question 3

biopsychosocial model: cultural component

Answer 3

how one’s broader world impacts their personhood, involving more distal, broad systems. includes factors related to:
-immigration
-minoritized status
-socialization
-religion
-life experiences across lifespan

Question 4

ADDRESSING framework (Hays, 2016)

Answer 4

A = age and generational influences
D = disability status/physical health
D = diagnostic status
R = religion/spiritual orientation
E = ethnic/racial identity
S = sexual orientation/sexuality
I = indigenous heritage/immigration
N = nationality/citizenship
G = gender identity/expression

Question 5

representative bias

Answer 5

-prototypical symptoms are often associated with a particular diagnosis –> shouldn’t rely on prototypical symptoms without accounting for base rates or the specificity of the symptoms
-e.g., fidgeting/not being able to sit still –> labeled off as ADHD –> just common symptoms, esp in kids

Question 6

availability bias

Answer 6

-information that is most readily accessible or most easily recalled influences diagnostic decision. problematic because might not be the most relevant info. two types:
1) primacy: info that client initially provided i.e., presenting concern influences diagnostic decision (e.g., couple having arguments –> focus on the arguments & don’t explore context of these arg)
2) recency: information or data recently disclosed (e.g., supervisor discloses client has borderline –> see client differently)

Question 7

hindsight bias

Answer 7

overestimating problem or diagnosis due to an existing or provisional diagnosis from other collateral sources and seeking confirmatory evidence
*not triangulating other sources, just relying on the diagnosis

Question 8

regret bias

Answer 8

assuming the worst-case scenario and being overly cautious when diagnosing to avoid a possible negative outcome because of anticipated regret should evaluator miss the diagnosis
-e.g., client uses drugs recreationally & clinician refers them to inpatient tx

Question 9

confirmation bias

Answer 9

seeking out info to confirm already existing views and ignoring evidence that does not support it
e.g., rigid psychoanalytic orientation –> will only view problems with this orientation & disconfirm any evidence suggesting otherwise

Question 10

diagnostic bias

Answer 10

overperceiving pathology and attempting to shoehorn a diagnosis to an individual
e.g., overemphasis of impact of trauma on an individual