Clinical: Exophthalmometry Flashcards
What is exophthalmometry?
Measures the position of the globe in the orbit to rule out proptosis or recession of the eyes relative to the orbital structures
What is enophthalmos
Posterior displacement of the globe within the orbit
What is the most commonly seen cause of enophthalmos?
Orbital fracture
What is exophthalmos?
Pathological froward displacement of one or both eyes
Is exophthalmos or enophthalmos most related to potential eye disease?
Exophthalmos
What is the most common seen cause of exophthalmos?
Thyroid-related eye disease
What is thyroid eye disease?
Autoimmune, inflammatory swelling of the soft tissue of the orbit
What eye disease is related to hyper- and hypothyroid conditions?
thyroid eye disease
What are the sign and symptoms or orbital disease?
-Eyelid and conj swelling
-redness
-watering
-[ain
-displacement, protrusion, or sunken impression of the globe
-double vision
-blurry vision
-Pulsing sensation
What are the indication from exphthalmometry?
-abnormality on external exam
-asymmetry in size of palpebral tissue
-bilateral increase in size of palppebral fissure
-apparent exophthalmos or enophthalmos
-monitor thyroid eye disease
What are the palpebral fissure normative values for males and females?
Males: 7-10mm
Females: 8-12mm
*should be symmetrical between eyes
Hertel and Luedde exophthalmometers both measure..
The distance from the lateral orbital rum to the apex of the cornea
What is the most commonly used exophthalmometer?
Hertel
Why is Hertel the most used?
-consistent alignment to compare both eyes quickly
-more helpful in tracking changes over time(keep base measurements)
When you have the red lines aligned for Hertel exophthmometry, what are you looking at to measure?
Where the apex of the cornea is
Which exophthalmometer measures one eye at a time with no base measurement?
Luedde
What are the normal exophthmometry values for caucasians?
12-22mm
What are the normal exophthmometry values for African Americans?
12-24mm
What are the normal exophthmometry values for Asians?
12-18mm
What are the significant abnormal readings you can have?
-2mm or more difference between eyes
-increase of 2mm or more for both or either eye
-measurement of greater than 24
