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Patient Assessment > Clinical Decision Making > Flashcards

Clinical Decision Making Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three classes of acuity?

A

Critically life threatening
Potentially life threatening
Not life threatening

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2
Q

What are some obvious, critical, life-threatening presentations?

A

Major, multi-system trauma
Devastating single system trauma
End-stage disease presentations
Acute presentations of chronic conditions

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3
Q

What are some examples of potentially life-threatening presentations?

A

Serious, multi-system trauma

Multiple disease etiologies

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4
Q

What are some examples of non-life threatening presentations?

A

Minor illness or injury

EMS system misuse/abuse

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5
Q

How do we, as paramedics, make decisions? (4)

A

Protocol drive, they are standing orders and are algorhythmic
Pattern recognition
Worst case scenario
Event driven

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6
Q

What are seven fundamental knowledge and abilities for paramedics?

A

Anatomy, physiology and pathophysiology
Focusing on large amounts of data
Organizing information
Identifying and dealing with medical ambiguity
Differentiating between relevant and irrelevant data
Analyzing and comparing similar situations
Explaining decisions and constructing logical arguments

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7
Q

What are some facilitating behaviours when dealing with decision based management?

A

Stay calm, do not panic
Assume and plan for the worst, err on the side of the patient
Maintain a systematic assessment pattern
Balance analysis, data processing and decision making styles
Remain adaptable

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8
Q

What are three useful styles of thinking?

A

Situation Analysis
- Reflective versus impulsive

Data Processing
- Divergent versus convergent

Decision Making
- Anticipatory versus reactive

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9
Q

What are some positive effects of the hormonal influences from ‘fight or flight?’

A

Enhanced visual and auditory acuity

Improved reflexes and muscle strength

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10
Q

What are some negative effects of the hormonal influences from a ‘fight or flight’ response

A

Impaired critical thinking skills

Diminished concentration and assessment ability

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11
Q

What are the sex R’s in putting it all together?

A 
Read the scene
Read the patient
React
Re-evaluate
Revise the management plan
Review your performance
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12
Q

What is a Commission Bias?

A

Results from the sense of obligation to intervene by the practitioner

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13
Q

What is Anchoring?

A

Persuaded by features early in assessment, early attachment of a diagnosis

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14
Q

What is Ascertainment bias?

A

Stereotyping and gender bias

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15
Q

What is Availability?

A

Recent experience with a disease may inflate the likelihood of it being diagnosed

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16
Q

What is Confirmation Bias?

A

The tendency to look for confirming evidence to support a diagnosis rather than look for reasons not to support diagnosis

17
Q

What is a Diagnosis Momentum?

A

Once diagnostic labels are attached to a patient they become stickier and stickier. Tough to shake a diagnosis once one has been declared

18
Q

What is the Framing Effect?

A

How you see things will be strongly influenced by the way in which the problem is framed

19
Q

What is the Fundamental Attrition Error?

A

The tendency to be judgemental and blame patients for their illness rather than examine the facts

20
Q

What is the Gambler’s Fallacy?

A

Making risky diagnosis based on recent trends or likelihoods

21
Q

What is the Omission Bias?

A

The tendency towards inaction to avoid perceived harm to the patient

22
Q

What is the Outcome Bias?

A

Opting for diagnosis that lead to good outcomes rather than those that associated with bad outcomes

23
Q

What is Overconfidence Bias?

A

It is a universal tendency to believe we know more than we do

24
Q

What is Playing the Odds?

A

The tendency to opt for a benign diagnosis, on the basis that it is more likely than a serious one

25
Q

What is the Posterior Probability Error?

A

Occurs when you over value past experiences of a patient as a basis for making decisions on current problems

26
Q

What is the Psych-Out Error

A

Psychiatric patients appear to be particularly vulnerable to errors

27
Q

What is Search Satisficing?

A

Reflects the universal tendency to call off a search once something is found - even if the search was not completed

28
Q

What are Sunk Costs?

A

The more clinicians invest in a particular diagnosis, the less likely they may be to release it and consider alternatives

29
Q

What is the Unpacking Principle?

A

It is the failure to elicit all relevant information in establishing a differential diagnosis may result in significant possibilities being missed

30
Q

What is acuity of a patient?

A

The severity or acuteness of a patient’s condition

Patient Assessment (7 decks)

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