Clinical correlations

Question 1

• Tenderness:

Answer 1

o RUQ: Cholecystitis or liver disease.
o RLQ: Appendicitis or Crohn’s disease.
o LUQ: Splenic rupture or abscess.
o LLQ: Diverticulitis.

Question 2

• Masses:

Answer 2

o Midline pulsatile: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).
o RLQ/LLQ: Hernia or ovarian cyst.

o Dullness in unexpected areas (e.g., bowel regions) suggests:
 Tumors (colon, liver).
 Pregnancy (enlarged uterus).
 Ovarian cysts.
 Enlarged organs (liver, spleen).

Question 3

• Rigidity:

Answer 3

Suggests peritonitis (e.g., perforated ulcer, ruptured appendix).