Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PMLS Unit 2 > CLINICAL CHEMISTRY > Flashcards

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY Flashcards

1
Q

Intended for testing blood and other
body fluids to quantify essential
soluble chemicals including waste
products useful for the diagnosis of
certain diseases.

A

CLINICAL CHEMISTRY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Provide a broad database,
demonstrating multisystemic
involvement

A

Panels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the study of
hormones

A

Endocrinology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the study of the
immune system and antibodies

A

Immunology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the
study of drugs

A

Pharmacology or toxicology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Measures the glucose in the blood
after fasting for 8-10 hours

A

FBS (Fasting blood sugar)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Measures the glucose for the past 3
months

A

HBA1c (Glycosylated hemoglobin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Measure total cholesterol

A

Lipid Profile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Samples flow through a Common
Vessel/ Pathway

A

CONTINUOUS FLOW ANALYZER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Employs a variety of syringe pipettes
to aspirate and dispense samples (2-6
ul)and reagents

A

DISCRETE ANALYSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Uses the force generated by
centrifugation to transfer specimen
and reagents

A

CENTRIFUGAL ANALYSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Separates the components of blood

A

CENTRIFUGES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Also known as
“Swinging bucket”

A

Horizontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Also known as “Fixed
angle”

A

Angle head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Concentrates cells in
body fluid

A

Cytocentrifuge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Separate lipoproteins

A

Ultracentrifuge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

it is a type of water reagent called ultrapure water

A

TYPE I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

it is a type of water reagent for general use

A

TYPE II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

it is a type of water reagent used in Urinalysis and
Fecalysis

A

TYPE III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

empiric formula of carbohydrates

A

CHO (Carbon,
Hydrogen, Oxygen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Major source of energy

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Storage form of energy

A

glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Components of cell membrane

A

glycoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Structural components of
plants, bacteria, and insects

A

Chitin, cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the
simplest form of carbohydrates,

A

Monosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

2 sugar units
linked together by glycosidic
bonds

A

Disaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

3 to 10
sugar units.

A

Oligosaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

More than
10 sugar units

A

Polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Glucose
converted into pyruvate and
lactate to produce ATP as a
source of energy

A

Glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Production/formation of
glucose from
non-carbohydrate sources

A

Gluconeogenesis

31
Q

Breakdown
of glycogen.

A

Glycogenolysis

32
Q

Conversion
of glucose to glycogen
(storage); also called
glycogen synthesis

A

Glycogenesis

33
Q

conversion of
carbohydrates to fats

A

Lipogenesis

34
Q

Decomposition of
fats

A

Lipolysis

35
Q

Produced by the pancreas,
particularly by beta cells of
islets of Langerhans

A

Insulin

36
Q

Produced by alpha cells of the
islets of Langerhans

A

Glucagon

37
Q

known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes

A

Type 1 Diabetes

38
Q

insulin resistant or progressive
insulin deficiency

A

Type 2 Diabetes

39
Q

glucose intolerance during
pregnancy

A

Gestational DM

40
Q

Linear polymer of amino acids

A

PROTEINS

41
Q

are glycoprotein molecules produced by
plasma cells (white blood cells→ B cells of
lymphocytes)

A

Immunoglobulins

42
Q

are the end products of
protein metabolism and must be
removed from the body to ensure
continued normal protein metabolism
in the cells

A

NON-PROTEIN NITROGEN

43
Q

n is a waste product
that your kidneys remove from your blood

A

Urea nitrogen

44
Q

increase urea in the
blood

A

Azotemia

45
Q

increase urea in the blood with
renal failure

A

Uremia / uremic syndrome

46
Q

Product of catabolism of purine
nucleic acid

A

Uric acid

47
Q

Waste product of our muscles

A

Creatinine/Creatine

48
Q

Formed from the deamination of amino
acids during protein metabolism.

A

Ammonia

49
Q

are proteins that help speed
up chemical reactions in our bodies.

A

Enzymes

50
Q

enzymes that
catalyze the
transfer of a
group of atoms,

A

TRANSFERASES

51
Q

enzymes that
catalyze the
transfer of
electrons from
one molecule
to another
molecule

A

OXIDOREDUCTASES

52
Q

enzymes that
catalyze bond
cleavages by
reaction with water

A

HYDROLASES

53
Q

enzymes
responsible for
catalyzing
addition and
elimination
reactions

A

LYASES

54
Q

catalyze
changes within
one molecule.

A

ISOMERASES

55
Q

enzymes that
are capable of
catalyzing the
reaction of
joining two
large molecules
by establishing
a new chemical
bond

A

LIGASES

56
Q

made during the normal process of
breaking down red blood cells. It is a
yellowish substance found in bile, fluid
in your liver.

A

BILIRUBIN

57
Q

yellow discoloration of the skin

A

Jaundice

58
Q

the destruction of red blood cells

A

Hemolysis

59
Q

Life span of red blood cells

A

120 days

60
Q

when a cell is in the blood vessel.

A

Monocyte

61
Q

when the cell migrated from the
blood vessel,

A

Macrophage

62
Q

Macrophage of the liver

A

Kupper cells

63
Q

Macrophage in the spleen

A

Microglial Cells

64
Q

They are either positively charged or
cation, and negatively charge or anion

A

Electrolytes

65
Q

Most abundant
cation in the plasma
(extracellular fluid
outside the cell)

A

Sodium

66
Q

High sodium in the
plasma

A

Hypernatremmia

67
Q

Low
sodium in the
plasma.

A

Hyponatremia

68
Q

Major intracellular
cation inside the
cells.

A

Potassium

69
Q

high
potassium in the
blood

A

Hyperkalemia

70
Q

low
potassium in the
blood

A

Hypokalemia

71
Q

Major extracellular
anion.

A

Chloride

72
Q

High chloride

A

Hyperchloremia

73
Q

low
chloride

A

Hypochloremia

PMLS Unit 2 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions