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Dive > Clinical Care of Dive Injuries > Flashcards

Clinical Care of Dive Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

what determines the classification of DCS

A

location of the bubble

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2
Q

what type of DCS involves the skin, lymphatic system, muscles, and joints and not life threatening

A

DCS type I

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3
Q

what are the Symptoms of DCS type I

A

Joint pain (outside the thorax. Ankle, elbow, and wrist)

Skin Symptoms (itching, marbling)

Lymph Nodes (pain, swelling)

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4
Q

what exam must be done to rule out a arterial Gas embolism (AGE)

A

Neurological Exam

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5
Q

what is the treatment of DCS type I

A

100% Surface O2

transport to recompression chamber

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6
Q

if transporting a DCS patient by air what is the max ceiling

A

1000ft

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7
Q

DCS II symptoms are divided into what three categories

A

Neurological

Inner Ear

Cardiopulmonary

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8
Q

what causes the Sx of Neurological symptoms of DCS

A

bubble formation within the brain & Spine

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9
Q

what are the symptoms of Neurological DCS type II

A

Paresthesia

Numbness

Urinary Function Impairment

Muscle Weakness

Mental Status Changes

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10
Q

what are the symptoms of Inner Ear (Staggers) DCS type II decompression Sickness

A

Tinnitus

Hearing Loss

Vertigo

Dizziness

Nausea

Vomiting

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11
Q

where does the bubble in Inner Ear (Staggers) DCS type II DCS form

A

Vestibular Apparatus

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12
Q

what are the symptoms of cardiopulmonary (Chokes) DCS type II DCS

A

chest pain

Pain w/ inspiration

irritating cough

Tachypnoea

lung congestion

complete circulatory collapse

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13
Q

what occurs when gas is forced through the lung tissue into the loose mediastianal tissues in the middle of the chest of the chest surrounding the heart, trachea, and major vessels

A

Pulmonary Over Inflation Syndrome (POIS)

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14
Q

what are the 4 types of POIS

A

Arterial Gas Embolism

Mediastinal

Subcutaneous Emphysema

Pneumothorax

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15
Q

what is caused by Damage to body tissues from the mechanical effects of pressure, results when pressure differentials between body cavities During normal ascent and decompression procedures, these gasses come out of the divers body at a manageable rate.

A

Barotrama

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16
Q

what are the 3 types of barotrauma

A

ear squeeze

Sinus Squeeze

Tooth Squeeze

17
Q

what is damaged in ear squeeze barotruama

A

Cochlea/ vestibular apparatus

18
Q

what is the Tx for Ear squeeze barotrauma

A

Heart / lung PE

Decongestants

pain medication

Antibiotics if TM rupture

19
Q

what type of gas seriously interferes with the bloods ability to carry O2 required for normal body function

A

Carbon Monoxide

20
Q

what are Symptoms of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

A

Tightness across the forehead

Headache

Dizziness

Confusion

Nausea

Vomiting

21
Q

what is the definitive treatment of choice for carbon monoxide poisoning

A

Hyperbaric Therapy

22
Q

define abnormally high level of carbon DIOXIDE in the blood and body tissues

A

Hypercapnia

23
Q

what are Symptoms of Hypercapnia

A

Confusion of feelings of euphoria

Inability to concentrate

SOB

Loss of consciousness

Drowsiness

Convulsions

Increase Sweating

Increase Respiratory Rate

24
Q

what is the Treatment for Hypercapnia

A

Decrease level of exertion

Increase Ventilation/ Helmet Flow

25
Q
A

Central Nervous System Oxygen Toxicity.

26
Q

what are the symptoms for CNS O2 toxicity

A

Vision Symptoms

Ear Symptoms

Confusion / euphoria

27
Q

what is the treat treatment for CNS O2 toxicity

A

ascend

shift to breathing mixture with a lower %

28
Q

Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity occurs at what partial pressure

A

exposure to 1 ata for 12 hrs

29
Q

exposure to partial pressure for how long at 1 ata will produce mild sx of Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity

A

12 hrs

30
Q

what are symptoms of Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity

A

Burning sensation during inspiration

Pain during inspiration

cough

decrease pulmonary function

31
Q

what are symptoms of Shallow water blackout

A

hypoxia

subsequent drowning

cardiac respiratory

32
Q

what is the treatment for shallow water blackouts on the water

A

ventilation ONLY, 5 rescue breaths

No chest compressions

33
Q

what is believed to be related to exertion, immersion in cold water and over hydration

A

Swimmer induced pulmonary edema (SIPE)

34
Q

what are the symptoms of Swimmer induced pulmonary edema (SIPE)

A

dull to sharp substernal chest pain

hemoptysis

shortness of breath

frothy sputum

shortness of breath

35
Q

what is the Treatment for Swimmer induced pulmonary edema (SIPE)

A

remove pt from wet/cold environment

supplemental O2

Complete heart / lung exam

EKG

X-Ray within 24 hrs

Dive (1 decks)

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