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Clinical Care Flashcards

1
Q

Universal Procedures

A

Discuss need and indication for procedure

Fully explain all steps of procedures

Wash hands

Identify the correct patient

Complete appropriate paper work

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2
Q

MRSA

A

Methicillin Resistant staphylococcus aureus

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3
Q

MRSA Swab

A

Groin Armpit inside of nose throat

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4
Q

Hyperthermia causes infectious

A

Low pyrexia Normal - 38 mild infection disturbance of tissue

Moderate or high pyrexia 38-40 wound respiratory or urinary tract infection

Hyperpyrexia- 40+ bacteraemia high environmental temperatures

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5
Q

Hyperthermia non infectious

A 
Agnostic drugs
Alcohol withdrawals 
Heat stroke
Stroke 
Allergic drug reaction
Crystalline gout
Malignancy
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6
Q

Hypothermia

A

Environmental exposure
Medication - paracetamol
Hypoglycaemia
Exposure of the body and internal organs - surgery vasoconstrictor response

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7
Q

Green urine

A

Pseudomonas infection

Excretion of cytotoxic agents

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8
Q

Sputum Sampling equipment

A 
Gloves
Apron
Appropriate documents 
Universal specimen container
Cleaning wipe
Eye protection
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9
Q

Sputum sampling procedure

A 
Position PT upright
3 deep breaths
Force a deep cough 
Patient to spit into container and secure lid
Dispose of waste
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10
Q

Faeces equipment

A 
Clinically clean bedpan 
Sterile specimen container
Glove
Apron
Appropriate documents
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11
Q

Faeces sampling procedure

A

Ask patient to defecate into bedpan
Samples can be taken from bed linin
Use integrated spoon to scoop faecal material
To fill container 1/3 full or 10-15 ml
Secure lid
Dispose of waste
Examine features colour, consistency and odour

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12
Q

Wound sampling equipment

A 
Sterile bacterial swab
Dressing pack 
Gloves sterile
Apron 
Appropriate documents
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13
Q

Urine sampling MSU

A

Sterile specimen container
Gloves
Apron
Appropriate documents

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14
Q

Urine sampling procedure

A

Ask patient to begin voiding first stream urine

Place sterile container into urine stream

Transfer specimen into sterile universal container and secure lid

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15
Q

Urine sample CSU equipment

A 
Sterile specimen container
Gloves
Apron
Appropriate documents 
Syringe
Alcohol based swab 
Non traumatic clamps
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16
Q

Urine sampling CSU procedure

A

Prepare equipment and place on sterile trolley

If no urine visible in catheter tubing: wash hands don apron and gloves

Apply non traumatic clamp distal to sampling port

Don sterile gloves

Wipe sampling port with alcohol gel, leave to to dry

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17
Q

Semen sampling

Equipment

Prosecute

A

Sterile specimen collection container

Tissues

Private room

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18
Q

ENT swabs equipment

A

Sterile bacterial swab
Gloves sterile
Apron
Appropriate documents

19
Q

Venepuncture equipment

A 
Clean tray 
Tourniquet 
Multiple sample needle
Plastic tube holder
Appropriate vacuumed specimen tubes
Chlorhexidine swabs
Gauze swabs
Sterile plaster
Specimen request forms
Gloves 
Apron
Sharps bin
20
Q

Catheterisation indications

A 
Relieve urine retention
Relive incontinence
Bladder function test
Measure urine output
Irrigation of the bladder
Empty contents of the bladder
21
Q

Catheterisation contra indications

A

Major pelvic fractures

Urethral bleeding

22
Q

Catheterisation equipment

A 
Sterile catheterisation pack
Disposable pad
Disposable gloves
Sterile gloves
Selection of catheters
Instilligel 
Universal specimen container
Sodium chloride sachets
Antibacterial hand rub
Hypoallergenic tape or leg strap
Disposable apron
Drainage bag
23
Q

Catheter material

A

PVC
Latex
Silicone

24
Q

Catheterisation actions during procedure

A 
Identify, collect and prepare equipment
Screen area for privacy
Remove undergarments
Position patient appropriately
Clean area
Place sterile towel around patient
Pass equipment and assist MO as instructed
25
Catheterisation complications
Damage to the urethra Local urinary tract infection Ureteric catheterisation
26
Catheterisation actions post care
Ensure security of catheter Regularly monitor and record urine output on fluid balance chart Empty catheter bag when full and record time of change Inspect the catheter and keep area around meatus clean
27
Cannulation Indications Contra indications
Short term therapy of less then a week Bonus injections or short infusions Long term intravenous therapy Longer or continuous infusions of medications that are vesicant or those that have a pH <5 or >9
28
Cannulation equipment
``` Sterile dressing pack Gauge sizes of cannula Alcohol based skin preparation Extension set Needless injection cap Non-sterile well fitting gloves 5ml syringe Tourniquet Sharps container ```
29
Phlebitis
Inflammation of wall of a vein
30
Thrombophlebitis
Inflammation of the wall of a vein with secondary thrombosis
31
Crystalloid
Electrolyte solution Indications - hypovolemic shock Dehydration Diffuse out of the vascular system within 1 hour 3 units of crystalloid to replace one unit of blood
32
Colloid
Plasma substitute Suitable for longer term fluid replacement One unit of colloid for each unit of blood loss Colloids don't interfere with blood cross-matching May cause hypersensitivity
33
Preparation of IV fluid
``` Check Expiry date Clarity Package integrity Contents ``` Consider Temperature Sidiment Particulate
34
Infusions complications
Air embolism Circulatory overload Fluids fail to run Infection Cold fluid causing a reduction in body temperature
35
Importance of correct drop rate
Avoid fluid overload or dehydration
36
Internal bleeding Lungs Stomach Kidneys Large Intestines Brain
Haemoptysis bright red frothy and coughed up Hematemesis dark coffee colour and vomited up Haemuturia stains the urine into a smokey grey colour Malaena passed by the bowel as black sticky tarry substance Haemorrhagic bleed escapes through the ears nose and eye orbits
37
Body response to blood loss | Compensated
Pulse tachycardia Skin white cool and moist Blood pressure normal LOC alert
38
Body response to blood loss | Decompensated
Pulse very tachycardia, leading to bradycardia Skin diaphoresis ashen waxy cold Blood pressure low LOC Disorientated, anxious, aggressive, coma
39
Management of external bleed
``` SMART GO CAT 100% 02 Position patient sitting or lying Expose wound Elevate the injured area Examine wound Apply pressure Dress wounds Immobilise the injured area Treat for shock Reassess ```
40
Management internal bleed
``` SMART GO CAT 100% 02 Assess pulse site Position patient lying Incline the patient to injured side If bleeding from orifice allow drainage Treat shock Elevate legs Reassess ```
41
Primary skin closure
Sutures Steri-strips Tissue adhesive Staples
42
Equipment for sutures
``` Apron Sterile gloves Suture pack Sutures in varying gauges and materials Lidocaine hydrochloride 1% Sodium chloride solution 10ml syringe and needles Dressing Clinical waste bag and sharps box ```
43
Suture aftercare advice
Provide patient with written and verbal advice regarding care When the sutures should be removed

Defense Medic (1 decks)

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