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Defense Medic > Clinical Care > Flashcards

Clinical Care Flashcards

1
Q

Universal Procedures

A

Discuss need and indication for procedure

Fully explain all steps of procedures

Wash hands

Identify the correct patient

Complete appropriate paper work

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2
Q

MRSA

A

Methicillin Resistant staphylococcus aureus

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3
Q

MRSA Swab

A

Groin Armpit inside of nose throat

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4
Q

Hyperthermia causes infectious

A

Low pyrexia Normal - 38 mild infection disturbance of tissue

Moderate or high pyrexia 38-40 wound respiratory or urinary tract infection

Hyperpyrexia- 40+ bacteraemia high environmental temperatures

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5
Q

Hyperthermia non infectious

A 
Agnostic drugs
Alcohol withdrawals 
Heat stroke
Stroke 
Allergic drug reaction
Crystalline gout
Malignancy
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6
Q

Hypothermia

A

Environmental exposure
Medication - paracetamol
Hypoglycaemia
Exposure of the body and internal organs - surgery vasoconstrictor response

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7
Q

Green urine

A

Pseudomonas infection

Excretion of cytotoxic agents

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8
Q

Sputum Sampling equipment

A 
Gloves
Apron
Appropriate documents 
Universal specimen container
Cleaning wipe
Eye protection
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9
Q

Sputum sampling procedure

A 
Position PT upright
3 deep breaths
Force a deep cough 
Patient to spit into container and secure lid
Dispose of waste
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10
Q

Faeces equipment

A 
Clinically clean bedpan 
Sterile specimen container
Glove
Apron
Appropriate documents
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11
Q

Faeces sampling procedure

A

Ask patient to defecate into bedpan
Samples can be taken from bed linin
Use integrated spoon to scoop faecal material
To fill container 1/3 full or 10-15 ml
Secure lid
Dispose of waste
Examine features colour, consistency and odour

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12
Q

Wound sampling equipment

A 
Sterile bacterial swab
Dressing pack 
Gloves sterile
Apron 
Appropriate documents
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13
Q

Urine sampling MSU

A

Sterile specimen container
Gloves
Apron
Appropriate documents

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14
Q

Urine sampling procedure

A

Ask patient to begin voiding first stream urine

Place sterile container into urine stream

Transfer specimen into sterile universal container and secure lid

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15
Q

Urine sample CSU equipment

A 
Sterile specimen container
Gloves
Apron
Appropriate documents 
Syringe
Alcohol based swab 
Non traumatic clamps
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16
Q

Urine sampling CSU procedure

A

Prepare equipment and place on sterile trolley

If no urine visible in catheter tubing: wash hands don apron and gloves

Apply non traumatic clamp distal to sampling port

Don sterile gloves

Wipe sampling port with alcohol gel, leave to to dry

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17
Q

Semen sampling

Equipment

Prosecute

A

Sterile specimen collection container

Tissues

Private room

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18
Q

ENT swabs equipment

A

Sterile bacterial swab
Gloves sterile
Apron
Appropriate documents

19
Q

Venepuncture equipment

A 
Clean tray 
Tourniquet 
Multiple sample needle
Plastic tube holder
Appropriate vacuumed specimen tubes
Chlorhexidine swabs
Gauze swabs
Sterile plaster
Specimen request forms
Gloves 
Apron
Sharps bin
20
Q

Catheterisation indications

A 
Relieve urine retention
Relive incontinence
Bladder function test
Measure urine output
Irrigation of the bladder
Empty contents of the bladder
21
Q

Catheterisation contra indications

A

Major pelvic fractures

Urethral bleeding

22
Q

Catheterisation equipment

A 
Sterile catheterisation pack
Disposable pad
Disposable gloves
Sterile gloves
Selection of catheters
Instilligel 
Universal specimen container
Sodium chloride sachets
Antibacterial hand rub
Hypoallergenic tape or leg strap
Disposable apron
Drainage bag
23
Q

Catheter material

A

PVC
Latex
Silicone

24
Q

Catheterisation actions during procedure

A 
Identify, collect and prepare equipment
Screen area for privacy
Remove undergarments
Position patient appropriately
Clean area
Place sterile towel around patient
Pass equipment and assist MO as instructed
25
Q

Catheterisation complications

A

Damage to the urethra
Local urinary tract infection
Ureteric catheterisation

26
Q

Catheterisation actions post care

A

Ensure security of catheter
Regularly monitor and record urine output on fluid balance chart
Empty catheter bag when full and record time of change
Inspect the catheter and keep area around meatus clean

27
Q

Cannulation

Indications

Contra indications

A

Short term therapy of less then a week
Bonus injections or short infusions

Long term intravenous therapy
Longer or continuous infusions of medications that are vesicant or those that have a pH <5 or >9

28
Q

Cannulation equipment

A 
Sterile dressing pack
Gauge sizes of cannula 
Alcohol based skin preparation 
Extension set
Needless injection cap
Non-sterile well fitting gloves
5ml syringe
Tourniquet
Sharps container
29
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of wall of a vein

30
Q

Thrombophlebitis

A

Inflammation of the wall of a vein with secondary thrombosis

31
Q

Crystalloid

A

Electrolyte solution
Indications - hypovolemic shock
Dehydration

Diffuse out of the vascular system within 1 hour

3 units of crystalloid to replace one unit of blood

32
Q

Colloid

A

Plasma substitute
Suitable for longer term fluid replacement
One unit of colloid for each unit of blood loss
Colloids don’t interfere with blood cross-matching
May cause hypersensitivity

33
Q

Preparation of IV fluid

A 
Check
Expiry date
Clarity 
Package integrity
Contents

Consider
Temperature
Sidiment
Particulate

34
Q

Infusions complications

A

Air embolism

Circulatory overload

Fluids fail to run

Infection

Cold fluid causing a reduction in body temperature

35
Q

Importance of correct drop rate

A

Avoid fluid overload or dehydration

36
Q

Internal bleeding

Lungs

Stomach

Kidneys

Large Intestines

Brain

A

Haemoptysis bright red frothy and coughed up

Hematemesis dark coffee colour and vomited up

Haemuturia stains the urine into a smokey grey colour

Malaena passed by the bowel as black sticky tarry substance

Haemorrhagic bleed escapes through the ears nose and eye orbits

37
Q

Body response to blood loss

Compensated

A

Pulse tachycardia

Skin white cool and moist

Blood pressure normal

LOC alert

38
Q

Body response to blood loss

Decompensated

A

Pulse very tachycardia, leading to bradycardia

Skin diaphoresis ashen waxy cold

Blood pressure low

LOC Disorientated, anxious, aggressive, coma

39
Q

Management of external bleed

A 
SMART
GO CAT
100% 02
Position patient sitting or lying
Expose wound
Elevate the injured area
Examine wound
Apply pressure
Dress wounds
Immobilise the injured area
Treat for shock
Reassess
40
Q

Management internal bleed

A 
SMART
GO CAT 
100% 02
Assess pulse site
Position patient lying
Incline the patient to injured side
If bleeding from orifice allow drainage
Treat shock
Elevate legs
Reassess
41
Q

Primary skin closure

A

Sutures

Steri-strips

Tissue adhesive

Staples

42
Q

Equipment for sutures

A 
Apron
Sterile gloves
Suture pack
Sutures in varying gauges and materials
Lidocaine hydrochloride 1%
Sodium chloride solution
10ml syringe and needles
Dressing
Clinical waste bag and sharps box
43
Q

Suture aftercare advice

A

Provide patient with written and verbal advice regarding care

When the sutures should be removed

Defense Medic (1 decks)

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