Clinical Aspects of Prevention Flashcards
Name 7 Professional Preventative Methods you may use for a patient.
- diet sheet
- behaviour modification
- engage the patient
- guidance and support
- practise efficient methods
- fissure sealants
- interventions - fluoride toothpaste, topical application
How can you make the patient aware of their oral health?
plaque free scores and disclosing tablets
What parts of patient history can you identify risk factors?
medical history
social history
dental history
diet history
how can social history identify risk factors?
smoking
alcohol
occupation
recreational drug users
is poor saliva flow a risk factor for poor oral health? why?
yes
- doesn’t neutralise acids
- chance of dental caries, demineralisation, sensitivity
what risk factors can there be in dental history?
concentration of fluoride in toothpaste
what type of brush
brushing technique
use of inderdental brushes/mouthwash
dental attendance
previous caries experience
what is the recommended brushing technique?
modified bass technique
how can a plaque free score motivate a patient?
- can physically see where changes need to be made
- can set small goals and targets to reach
how can a diet sheet motivate a patient?
can discuss chair side the diet and where changes/alternatives can be made
what can you discuss with a diet sheet?
- frequency of sugar/acid attacks
- time between snacking
- if it is a balanced diet
- medications with sugar
why would you need intervention for a patient?
if they are at high caries risk/early lesions
what interventions are there?
duraphat toothpaste or varnish
fissure sealants
what is the fluoride concentration of prescribed duraphat?
below 16 = 2800ppm
above 16 = 5000ppm
what is the purpose of a fissure sealant?
to seal the pits and fissures
stop caries developing further
for toddlers/babies, how can a bottle be harmful to the primary dentition?
leads to high caries risk
soaking the teeth with substances containing sugar over long periods of time
give examples of risk factors from medical history.
medications which reduce salivary flow
radiation from treatment
pathology of parotid, submandibular, sublingual glands
Give a method which identifies levels of dry mouth
Challacombe Scale
- better if the score is low as possible
What word is used to describe dry mouth?
xerostomia
Describe the Challacombe Scale.
score of 1-3 = mild dryness, do not need treatment, chewing gum and hydration
score of 4-6 = moderate dryness, chewing gum, hydration, saliva substitutes and topical fluoride
score of 7-10 = severe dryness, saliva sub, topical fluoride, refer patient for investigation and diagnosis to exclude hypo salivation and sjrogens syndrome
describe each score of the Challacombe Scale
1 = mirror sticks to buccal mucosa
2 = mirror sticks to tongue
3 = frothy saliva
4 = no saliva pooling
5 = tongue has short papillae
6 = smooth gingiva
7 = glossy oral mucosa
8 = tongue is lobulated
9 = cervical caries
10 = debris sticking to palate/teeth
what 6 medications can cause reduced salivary flow?
antihistamines
anti-depressants
high blood pressure meds
diuretics
anti-inflam
steroids
can liquid medication be a risk factor?
yes
which groups of people may be on liquid medication?
children
elderly
adults with special needs
What are the 5 steps of Dietary Counselling.
- identify high risk patient
- take detailed diet history
- set goals
- develop action plan
- monitor and review the patient
