Clinical Flashcards
Ischemic heart disease
Imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand
Atherosclerosis
Damage to endothilial lining of vessel wall
Angina pectoris
Chest pain or discomfort
Myocardial infarction
Irreversible necrosis of cardiac muscle due to prolonged ischemia
Heart valve disorders
Leaking or not opening adequately or both
Congenital heart disease
Cardiac abnormalities at birth resulting in altered heart function
Heart failure
Impaired left ventricle function
Blood pools behind weaker side of heart
Abnormal heart rhythms
Irregular sequences of heart beats
Systolic heart failure
Heart muscles aren’t pumping blood with enough tone
Muscles can’t squeeze as hard so reduced ejection fraction
Diastolic heart failure
Body isn’t receiving enough blood because the heart isn’t filling with enough blood to pump out
Left sided failure
Blood gets backed up in the lungs
Causes build up of fluid in the lungs
Right sided failure
Blood gets backed up into the body
Causes build up of fluid in feet, legs and abdomen
What is a normal cardiac output
5 litres per min
Is heart failure usually a primary or secondary disease?
Usually a secondary disease, so it is caused by a pre existing disease
What happens when cardiac output is low
The heart compensates by squeezing harder to increase stroke volume or beating faster to increase heart rate
But overtime, the muscles cells become overworked and start to die off
