Clincial skillds

Question 1

urinalysis procedure

Answer 1

intro, ID, consent, wash hands, Apron then gloves. collect sample.

note colour and clarity of urine (straw and no solids), note odour.

check container has right strips (multistix 8) + expiry date .
open contrainer, remove one strip and place on napkin (don’t touch pads), close container

dip all pads in urine for 2 secs. commonce timing ASAP.

commence readin strip at same time, record results. disposal equipment. was hands

Question 2

waist circumference

Answer 2

Raised waist circumference is a useful indicator of excess abdominal fat and is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome and also type 2 diabetes (International Diabetes Federation) (NICE PHG 46, 2013). NICE CG189 (NICE, 2014) recommends to ‘Think about using waist circumference, in addition to BMI, in people with a BMI less than 35 kg/m2.’
Procedure for measurement of waist circumference (cm): (uses a flexible, inelastic tape measure)
 The measurement is taken with the measurer positioned at the patient’s side.
 Patients should be asked to stand with feet 25-30cm apart.
 The measurer should locate the upper edge of the hip bone (iliac crest) & the lowest
edge of the lowest rib.
 Measurement is taken at the midpoint of these two landmarks (in horizontal plane).
 The measurement should be taken once the patient is asked to breathe in and then out
gently (ISAK, 2001).

Question 3

BMI

Answer 3

BMI = Weight (kg)/ Height (m) 2

Question 4

proceedure for measuring weight

Answer 4

Scales should be placed on a on a flat, even, uncarpeted surface
 Scales should be checked to ensure they are reading zero prior to the client stepping
on.
 Patients should be asked to remove their shoes, outer garments and any heavy
jewellery, and to empty their pockets.
 Patients should be asked to stand with their feet together in the centre, and their heels
against the back edge of the scales. Arms should be hanging loosely at their sides and
head facing forward.
 The measurement should be repeated and if a different reading is observed, repeated
a third time and the average of the three readings taken. Note, if the participant moves
excessively while the scales are stabilising you may get a false reading.
 Measurements should be taken to the nearest 100g.

Question 5

measuring height

Answer 5

Procedure for the measurement of height (stature) (m) (uses a stadiometer).
 Patients should be measured without shoes.
 Patient stands with their feet together and the heels, buttocks and upper part of their
back touching the upright of the stadiometer. The head should be placed in the
Frankfort plane.*
 Patient is asked to take a deep breath and maintain head position; the headboard is
placed firmly on the vertex of the head. Measurement is taken at the end of a deep inward breath. NB. Alternative estimates of stature will be covered under nutritional
screening in the GI SiP block. (ISAK, 2001)
(Adapted from Dympna & Grace, 2012)
* The lower border of the orbit should be in the same line as the auditory meatus.