Climbing + descend, turning

Question 1

If frost forms on the wings of an aircraft overnight and is not removed before flight
[a] the acceleration during the take-off run will be less than normal
[b] the stalling angle will be higher than normal
[c] there will be less margin between the take-off safety speed and the stalling speed
[d] there will be an increase in stalling speed and stalling angle

Answer 1

C
The stalling speed would increase if frost were present. The take-off safety speed is a
figure published in the performance data. It would not change.

Question 2

The recommended IAS to achieve the maximum angle of climb at sea level is 80 kt for a particular aircraft.
Which of the following would reduce the angle of climb ?
[a] a decrease in IAS
[b] a headwind
[c] a reduction in density height
[d] a reduction in take-off weight

Answer 2

A
Any speed other than 80 kt would result in less surplus thrust and reduce the angle of
climb

Question 3

During an approach what is the effect of a sudden decrease in headwind component on IAS and rate of descent ?
[a] IAS and rate of descent would both increase
[b] IAS and rate of descent would both decrease
[c] IAS would decrease and rate of descent would increase
[d] IAS would increase and rate of descent would decrease

Answer 3

C
An undershoot windshear causes IAS to drop. This results in less lift, so rate of descent will increase

Question 4

Partial extension of flap in a glide at constant indicated air speed will result in
[a] an increase in rate and angle of descent
[b] a decrease in rate and angle of descent
[c] an increase in rate of descent and a decrease in angle of descent
[d] an increase in angle of descent and a decrease in rate of descent

Answer 4

A
Flap always spoils the lift/drag ratio. A steeper angle of descent at a constant speed,
results in a higher rate of descent.

Question 5

The best angle of climb speed for a particular piston engine aircraft is 65 kt IAS. Which of the following factors
would have the effect of reducing the angle of climb?
[a] a decrease in IAS
[b] an increase in headwind component
[c] a reduction in density height
[d] a reduction in take-off weight

Answer 5

A
Any speed other than 65 kt would result in less surplus thrust and reduce the angle of
climb

Question 6

A pilot assesses that he is undershooting the selected field while on final for a forced landing in nil wind at the
best lift/drag ratio speed. The safest procedure to employ is
[a] move the propeller pitch control to fully fine
[b] adopt a higher nose attitude
[c] increase the indicated airspeed
[d] maintain the present nose attitude and airspeed

Answer 6

D
You can do no better than fly at the best lift/drag ratio speed in no wind

Question 7

Which of the following describes the effect of an increased headwind component during a steady climb with
constant indicated air speed and constant power maintained?
[a] rate of climb and angle of climb both increase
[b] rate of climb increases and angle of climb remains the same
[c] rate of climb remains the same and angle of climb increases
[d] rate of climb and angle of climb both remain the same

Answer 7

C
Wind has no effect on rate of climb, but a headwind will increase the angle of climb

Question 8

The effect of fitting an aircraft with a more powerful engine would be most noticeable during
[a] a maximum rate climb
[b] a maximum rate turn
[c] maximum speed during level flight
[d] minimum speed during level flight

Answer 8

A
Increases in power available will produce increased surplus power-so increased rate of
climb

Question 9

When manoeuvring at low level on a very windy day, a pilot should be aware of
[a] the illusion of slipping when turning from upwind to downwind
[b] the illusion of skidding when turning from upwind to downwind
[c] the illusion of slipping when turning from downwind to upwind
[d] the illusion of slipping in any turn

Answer 9

A

Question 10

If nose attitude and power are kept constant, a sudden decrease in headwind component during the final approach
will initially cause
[a] a decrease in IAS and a decrease in the gliding angle
[b] an increase in IAS and an increase in the gliding angle
[c] a decrease in IAS and an increase in the gliding angle
[d] no change in IAS but an increase in the gliding angle

Answer 10

C
An undershoot wind shear will cause a reduction in IAS and a steeper descent path

Question 11

Which of the following describes the effect of increased weight on the maximum gliding performance of an
aircraft in nil wind?
[a] the speed for best glide increases and the gliding distance decreases
[b] the speed for best glide increases and the gliding distance remains the same
[c] the speed for best glide remains the same and the gliding distance decreases
[d] the speed for best glide remains the same and the gliding distance increases

Answer 11

B
Weight has no effect on the distance an aircraft can glide in no wind

Question 12

If angle of bank and indicated air speed are kept constant, an increase in altitude will cause
[a] an increase in rate of turn
[b] an increase in radius of turn
[c] a decrease in radius of turn
[d] no change in radius or rate of turn

Answer 12

B
If IAS is kept constant, TAS increases with an increase in altitude

Question 13

An effect of lowering full flap during a descent is to
[a] reduce the induced drag
[b] decrease the gliding angle
[c] increase the lift/drag ratio
[d] increase both lift and drag

Answer 13

D
Drag always increases by a greater proportion than lift, spoiling the lift/drag ratio

Question 14

Which of the following would result if the headwind component during a descent suddenly decreased?
[a] both rate of descent and indicated air speed would increase
[b] indicated airspeed would increase and rate of descent would decrease
[c] indicated airspeed would decrease and rate of descent would increase
[d] both indicated airspeed and rate of descent would decrease

Answer 14

C
An undershoot wind shear causes a reduction in IAS and a loss of lift

Question 15

The indicated airspeed at which the stall occurs during a 75° bank level balanced turn would increase over the
level flight stalling speed by approximately
[a] 200%
[b] 40%
[c] 100%
[d] 400%

Answer 15

C
At 75° of bank the load factor is 4. The stalling speed increases by 4 ie by 2

Question 16

Two aeroplanes, identical in every respect except for gross weight, carry out a balanced level turn at the same
indicated air speed and angle of bank. The heavier aeroplane will have
[a] a greater radius of turn than the lighter one
[b] a greater rate of turn than the lighter one
[c] a lower rate of turn but a greater radius of turn than the lighter one
[d] the same radius of turn and the same rate of turn as the lighter one

Answer 16

D
Provided they are at the same height!

Question 17

What will be the effect on turning performance if indicated air speed is increased during a level turn at constant
bank?
[a] load factor will increase
[b] lift will increase
[c] radius of turn will decrease
[d] rate of turn will decrease

Answer 17

D
A higher TAS increases the radius and decreases the rate of turn. Lift would remain the same because the pilot would have to decrease the angle of attack to maintain height.

Question 18

The angle of bank required to perform a rate one turn at a true air speed of 180 knots is closest to -
[a] 30 [b] 15°
[c] 25° [d] 35°

Answer 18

C
Airspeed ÷ 10 + 7 = 180 ÷ 10 + 7 = 25° This formula is a ‘rule of thumb’ not an actual mathematical formula. It works well for the airspeeds which apply to the usual GA aircraft.

Question 19

During a steady descent at a constant indicated air speed -
[a] lift is equal to weight [b] thrust is less than drag
[c] lift is equal to drag [d] thrust is equal to drag

Answer 19

B
In a descent thrust is always less than drag. If thrust becomes equal to drag, level
flight will result. If thrust becomes greater than drag, a climb will result.

Question 20

An aircraft is carrying out a glide descent during a forced landing in no wind The pilot is maintaining the
airspeed recommended for the best lift/drag ratio and realises that he is undershooting the aiming point. The
correct course of action would be -
[a] dive to increase the IAS then float in ground effect to the field.
[b] raise the nose to a higher aircraft descent attitude to increase the glide distance.
[c] apply more flap to increase the lift/drag ratio
[d] maintain the current aircraft descent attitude to achieve maximum gliding distance.

Answer 20

D
The best lift/drag ratio provides the best angle of descent. If you are undershooting
while maintaining the best lift/drag ratio speed, all you can do is maintain the current
aircraft descent attitude and ‘hope for the best’.

Question 21

The limit to the rate of turn that can be achieved by a typical general aviation aircraft is -
[a] the structural strength of the airframe.
[b] the amount of aileron deflection available.
[c] the stalling speed of the aircraft.
[d] the amount of power available from the engine.

Answer 21

D
The load factor at high angles of bank is accompanied by a dramatic increase in drag as well as an increase in stalling speed. This must be overcome by applying extra power. Light aircraft simply run out of power and can no longer maintain the speed at or above the stalling speed.

Question 22

The load factor limit is most likely to be exceeded during a level turn if -
[a] angle of bank is increased at a speed above Va.
[b] angle of bank is increased at a speed above Vs.
[c] speed is increased at a speed above Va
[d] speed is increased at a speed above Vs

Answer 22

A
If the turn is to remain a level turn, an increase in angle of bank will require an increase in elevator deflection and therefore an increase in load factor. At speeds above Va it is possible to exceed the limit load factor before the wing stalls.

Question 23

Abrupt control movements are likely to impose excessive stresses on the airframe if they are made at -
[a] Va
[b] Vno
[c] Vx
[d] Vs

Answer 23

B
The question says at… Abrupt control inputs would not overstress the airframe if they were made at Va. However if they were made at Vno that would certainly be above Va.

Question 24

If speed is kept constant an increase in bank causes:
A a decrease in rate
B a decrease in radius
C a increase in rate
D a increase in radius
(pick 2 answers)

Answer 24

B + C

Question 25

If speed is kept constant an decrease in bank causes:
A a decrease in rate
B a decrease in radius
C a increase in rate
D a increase in radius
(pick 2 answers)

Answer 25

A + D

Question 26

If bank is kept constant an increase in speed causes:
A a decrease in rate
B a decrease in radius
C a increase in rate
D a increase in radius
(pick 2 answers)

Question 27

If bank is kept constant an decrease in speed causes:
A a decrease in rate
B a decrease in radius
C a increase in rate
D a increase in radius
(pick 2 answers)

Answer 27

B + C