Climatology and geomorphology

Question 1

Section A
Figure 1.1
High pressure cell H1 is the…high pressure cell.

A South Pacific
B South Atlantic
C South Indian
D Kalahari

Answer 1

B South Atlantic

Question 2

The following air movements are associated with high pressure cell H1:

A Subsidence, convergence, clockwise rotation
B Uplift, divergence, anti-clockwise rotation
C Uplift, convergence, clockwise rotation
D Subsidence, divergence, anti-clockwise rotation.

Answer 2

D Subsidence, divergences, anti-clockwise rotation.

Question 3

Low pressure cell L1 is in the….stage of development.

A polar front/initial
B Wave
C warm sector/mature
D occlusion

Answer 3

C Warm sector/mature

Question 4

The lines on the synoptic weather map linking places of equal air pressure are known as …

A Isobars
B Isotherms
C Isohyets
D Isotopes

Answer 4

A Isobars

Question 5

Low-pressure cell is a/an…low pressure.

A Coastal
B Tropical
C Extra-tropical
D Equatorial

Answer 5

A Coastal

Question 6

A stream that intercepts the water of another stream,

Answer 6

pirate/captor

Question 7

A stream whose headwaters have been intercepted.

Answer 7

Captured/beheaded

Question 8

A stream that is smaller than the valley through which it flows.

Answer 8

misfit/beheaded

Question 9

The point where an energetic stream intercepts the water of another stream.

Answer 9

elbow of capture

Question 10

A dry valley where no streams flows.

Answer 10

wind gap/dry gap

Question 11

Give ONE similarity visible in figure 1.3A, between tropical cyclones in the South Indian Ocean and hurricanes in the West Indies.

Answer 11

Move away from the equator

Question 12

Explain the point of origin of both tropical cyclone and hurricanes.

Answer 12

Originate between 5- 25 N and S
Need Coriolis force that comes into operation at 5*
Coriolis force does not exist at the equator.

Question 13

Very intense hurricanes, such as Ike, occur more often and more regularly. Many meteorologists link the latter with global warming. Why is this so?

Answer 13

Global warming increases temperatures.
Ocean temperatures increase and stays warmer for longer.
Increased temperatures increase evaporation/humidity/condensation.

Question 14

With reference to figure 1.3A, give ONE reason why tropical cyclones seldom hit the coast of Southern Africa.

Answer 14

Southern Africa is shielded/protected by Madagascar.

Question 15

Should a tropical cyclone and a hurricane of similar strength hit the coastlines of Southern Africa and the United States of America respectively, the United States of America would suffer more damage to infrastructure, while Southern Africa would experience more loss of life. Write a short essay no more than 12 lines to explain why this is the case. Your answer should refer to the level of development in the two regions respectively.

Answer 15

USA
USA is a developed nation
USA has more and better developed infrastructure
Better rescue services

Southern Africa
includes developing nations compared to the USA
has little and poorly developed infrastructure
not enough rescue services