CLIMATE DRIVERS (MESOSCALE) Flashcards
CLIMATE DRIVER
reason of differences in weather and climate patterns in the world.
What are the three (3) drivers?
(i) Mesoscale
(ii) Synoptic Scale
(iii) Planetary (Global) Scale.
What are the difference between the three drivers?
the temporal and spatial scale.
MESOSCALE
Land type (Vegetation&Urbanization)
Topography
Land/Sea
Breeze Thunderstorms
SYNOPTICSCALE
Air Masses
Monsoons
Semi-permanent highs and low
Tropical Cyclones
PLANETARY SCALE
Climate Oscillations (MJO, ENSO, & PDO)
Solar Cycle
Milankovitch Cycle
LAND TYPE
it is the physical material at the surface of the earth.
Two (2) types of Land Type
Urbanization and Vegetation
What is ALBEDO?
it is the ratio of reflected radiation from the surface to incident radiation upon it.
It is also known as ALBEDO
SURFACE REFLECTIVITY
What is SURFACE REFLECTIVITY?
It is a reflecting power of a surface.
How does albedo affect the climate?
the higher (lower) the albedo of the surface, the lesser (higher) amount outgoing radiation is observed.
VEGETATION
amount of plants/trees over a certain area.
Why does vegetation has low albedo?
it is due to absorption of incoming radiation and rough surfaces.
It affects the albedo of the area by cutting trees and pollution and causes more severe thunderstorms, increased cloud cover, & higher temperatures.
Urbanization
TOPOGRAPHY
the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical
features of an area.
modifies an area’s weather and climate thru the direction of the wind which dictates the amount of precipitation.
OROGRAPHIC EFFECT
created due to difference of specific heat capacity of
land and water (sea).
LAND/SEA BREEZE
Occurs at night and offshore winds are also known as?
Land Breeze
Occurs during daytime and onshore winds are also known as?
Sea Breeze
It is the energy needed to change the temperature of an object by 1 °C.
specific heat (c)
What is the meaning of lower c
It means faster heat transfer and cooling.
It is a type of weather condition derived from a matured vertical cloud known as cumulonimbus and can be formed and dissipate in <= 30 minutes.
Thunderstorm
